1
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黄河在中国人心目中


2
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一直占有非常重要的位置


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00:00:10,057 --> 00:00:13,860
现在有一支探索队要寻找它的源头


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跟随它绵延五千五百公里


5
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直至大海


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本节目就记录了他们的旅程


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黄河由西北部偏远山区


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延伸至东部海岸平原地区


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途中见尽地大物博的中国国境内


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各式各样的面貌


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由高原地区的蒙古和西藏人


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到中游地区的汉族和满族人


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黄河揭示了


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中国人不同的生活和面貌


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中国拥有多个民族


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他们与在国内定居的少数民族


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一起谱出


18
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黄河蜿蜒流入大海途上的故事


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黄河的源头位于阿尼玛卿山山区


20
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流经四川省松潘平原


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在这里黄河不是一条河


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而是许多条纵横交错的小河


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仿佛龙飞凤舞的书法 绕来绕去


24
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巴颜喀拉山由黄河的上游


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向东伸展到一片沼泽地


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占地达二万平方公里


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地处海拔四千米之上


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探索队依靠吉普车


29
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羊皮筏和橡皮艇上路


30
00:03:10,904 --> 00:03:13,974
但是到了松潘平原就要投降


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大家唯有将所有器材放在牦牛身上


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然后坐在鞍上 策骑而行


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不过就算坐着牦牛


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走过这片草原也相当缓慢


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远处传来小孩子的声音


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队员知道有人前来探望他们了


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太阳眼镜配传统服饰


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显得格格不入


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西藏游牧民族翻山过来扎营


40
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他们对外国人十分好奇


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他们是第一支有摄影机的探索队


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来到这个山区


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藏民设宴欢迎他们


44
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烧烤一只藏民饲养的长毛羊


45
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已经可以让三十人饱餐


46
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虽然是仲夏 但入夜后气温骤降


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队员披着大衣围着火堆而坐


48
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西藏的烹调方法很简单


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将肉切成一块块之后放入锅里


50
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加上莓子和香草调味


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不用盐或者其他调味料


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虽然不合队员的口味


53
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不过也不想得罪主人家


54
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饭后的精彩表演可以作为补偿


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大家享受着火堆带来的温暖


56
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酒足饭饱之后


57
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席上有藏民开始讲往事


58
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以及平原上的故事


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其中一位老人家


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对五十年前发生的事历历在目


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老人家叫张照新 虽然七十一岁了


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不过一点都不像


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他回想当年共产党部队


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在中国与国军交战


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他们走了一万多里路


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损失了很多士兵


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物资又严重缺乏


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张照新在这里中了枪伤


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有个西藏女孩救了他


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后来他娶了那个女孩


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还在这里落地生根


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他对这里附近地区了如指掌


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于是探索队请他带路


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这一带都是泥沼


75
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探索队要有一个可靠的人带路


76
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因为走错一步 都会随时丧命


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队员不打算成为松潘平原的亡魂


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他们还想尽览黄河沿途的景色


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长征成为中国历史上


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代表勇气的故事


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一九三四年十月


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红军被国军赶出东南部


83
00:06:46,720 --> 00:06:50,713
江西省的总部


84
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在毛泽东领导下


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他们边打边穿越各省各乡


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走过结冰的河流与积雪的山间小径


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饥寒疲累的红军终于来到松潘平原


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成为红军行军史上最艰苦的一页


89
00:07:10,410 --> 00:07:12,879
探索队踏上昔日的足迹


90
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都对红军大表敬意


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00:07:17,917 --> 00:07:19,886
草丛好像很平稳


92
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但是连走惯山路的马匹


93
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都不愿意踩下去


94
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因为一不小心


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人和马都会跌入深坑里


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松潘平原的降雨量是全国最高的


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当地人称沼泽地为死亡之海


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可见他们对它有多恐惧和憎恨


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队员在这里吃了不少苦头


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当年红军有过之而无不及


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张照新还记得很多同胞和马匹


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都被泥沼吞噬


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一九三四年十万名红军由江西出发


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不少士兵只有十七岁


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他们穿越大陆那年


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就损失了七万多人


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张照新以第一身经历证实书本记载


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松潘平原一役是长征最低潮的阶段


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幸存的士兵被空群而出的蚊子袭击


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饥饿的红军要吃草和野生植物充饥


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张照新还记得当年在这里的恶梦


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比起与国军交锋


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在雪地中赤脚行走


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及涉水通过泛滥的河道就更加可怕


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沼泽地的宁静令人无从可知


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它蕴藏了人类多少痛苦


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队员脚下埋葬了阵亡的士兵


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以及生还者的可怕回忆


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只有遗留的物品


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见证人类的牺牲有多大


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这些在泥沼中发掘的战争文物


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可以见证可悲的抗争


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被弃置的煮食器具道出悲惨故事


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因为国军从后追赶


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红军不能生火 以免泄露行


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红军每经过一条村落都贴出告示


127
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虽然他们的状况十分凄惨


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但是在长征过程中


129
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仍然对毛泽东的领导深信不疑


130
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告示要求本地人同红军合作


131
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并且保证共产党掌权之后


132
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会支持并保护回人和西藏人


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亦支持民族平等和宗教自由的概念


134
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在这个不毛之地


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红军依靠当地居民的支持和友谊


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才熬过去


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西藏人特别支持红军


138
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张照新忆述五十年前的经历


139
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想起革命宣传的歌曲


140
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他还唱出来


141
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不要从人民手中拿一根针


142
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一条线也不要拿


143
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人民的红军爱人民


144
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让我们保家卫国 让我们向前冲


145
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张照新感触良多


146
00:11:19,058 --> 00:11:21,961
队员避免他激动 叫他不要再唱


147
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但是他坚持要唱


148
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就是这种坚持 令他熬过长征


149
00:11:41,481 --> 00:11:42,648
一九三五年十月


150
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红军在这里逗留了两个月


151
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即长征开始了一年零三天之后


152
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红军操入山西 进驻延安的新总部


153
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长征的成功


154
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是令共产党能够在十四年后


155
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成立中华人民共和国的重要因素


156
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松潘地区可能很危险


157
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但是也有安全的地方


158
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绵延的山脉和黄河


159
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具有一种神秘吸引力


160
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这里是黄河九曲之首的第一个弯位


161
00:12:27,427 --> 00:12:31,420
难怪中国人将黄河比喻为龙的河


162
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黄河弯弯曲曲就像传说中的龙


163
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而黄河也成为中国的重要标志


164
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黄河流经各城各乡


165
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与中国西部寥寥无几的民族接触


166
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他们的生活对大部份人来讲


167
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仍然是一个谜


168
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黄河的东面被黄土高原围绕


169
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黄土高原顾名思义


170
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因为泥土是黄色而得名


171
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这里邻接西藏、蒙古等


172
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几个边境地方


173
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这里是不同人种和文化的大熔炉


174
00:13:25,885 --> 00:13:29,878
信奉伊斯兰教的保安族也在此居住


175
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这里是保安族的城镇


176
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今天是集市墟期


177
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探索队的吉普车引来好奇目光


178
00:13:42,668 --> 00:13:46,661
这里平时甚少外国人到访


179
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在宁静小路上


180
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典型的房屋是用泥砖砌成的


181
00:14:08,928 --> 00:14:12,465
中国一共有五十五个少数民族


182
00:14:12,465 --> 00:14:14,867
保安族人口不足一万人


183
00:14:14,867 --> 00:14:18,860
是其中人数最少的民族


184
00:14:19,906 --> 00:14:22,408
保安族是巧手的铁匠


185
00:14:22,408 --> 00:14:24,644
及打制金属的工匠


186
00:14:24,644 --> 00:14:26,812
他们以打刀剑出名


187
00:14:26,812 --> 00:14:28,581
保安出产的短刀


188
00:14:28,581 --> 00:14:32,574
甚受本地与外省欢迎


189
00:14:34,253 --> 00:14:38,246
短刀呈弯月型 锋利无比


190
00:14:40,893 --> 00:14:44,430
刀是游牧民族的基本生存工具


191
00:14:44,430 --> 00:14:46,899
可以用来切肉、剪羊毛


192
00:14:46,899 --> 00:14:50,892
当然还可以用来吃饭


193
00:14:52,939 --> 00:14:56,242
打刀剑这门技术是代代相传


194
00:14:56,242 --> 00:15:00,235
整个家庭不论老少都会参与制作


195
00:15:03,616 --> 00:15:05,551
保安短刀设计简约


196
00:15:05,551 --> 00:15:07,420
可以说是艺术品


197
00:15:07,420 --> 00:15:08,654
他们制作认真


198
00:15:08,654 --> 00:15:12,647
显示出他们颇以自己的作品为荣


199
00:15:17,496 --> 00:15:18,497
大多人都认为


200
00:15:18,497 --> 00:15:21,467
保安人是蒙古人的后裔


201
00:15:21,467 --> 00:15:25,460
约十三世纪迁移到中国这个角落


202
00:15:28,708 --> 00:15:29,709
他们的祖先


203
00:15:29,709 --> 00:15:32,878
可能是成吉思汗的魔鬼骑兵


204
00:15:32,878 --> 00:15:33,779
他们的相貌


205
00:15:33,779 --> 00:15:37,772
与西藏人、汉人有很大区别


206
00:15:40,987 --> 00:15:44,390
语言可以追溯民族的根源


207
00:15:44,390 --> 00:15:45,558
队员决定访问


208
00:15:45,558 --> 00:15:49,551
一班刚刚下课的保安族小朋友


209
00:15:51,530 --> 00:15:55,523
队员问她保安话【午安】怎么讲


210
00:15:57,536 --> 00:15:59,639
那女孩有点害羞


211
00:15:59,639 --> 00:16:03,632
队员再问【你】怎么讲


212
00:16:17,256 --> 00:16:18,858
队员再问另一个女孩


213
00:16:18,858 --> 00:16:22,851
【午安】怎么讲


214
00:16:31,037 --> 00:16:35,030
接着再问【黄河】怎么讲


215
00:16:41,013 --> 00:16:44,417
保安人称黄河为木龙河


216
00:16:44,417 --> 00:16:48,410
黄河流经村子北面


217
00:16:49,021 --> 00:16:51,624
探索队沿下游进发


218
00:16:51,624 --> 00:16:53,426
见识了到目前为止


219
00:16:53,426 --> 00:16:57,419
最讲究的一种河流运输工具


220
00:17:00,700 --> 00:17:04,537
一条粗绳由河的一边拉到另一边


221
00:17:04,537 --> 00:17:08,530
用拖轮将渡船拉到对岸


222
00:17:09,642 --> 00:17:12,545
黄河在这里已有二百米宽


223
00:17:12,545 --> 00:17:13,879
水流湍急


224
00:17:13,879 --> 00:17:17,850
拖轮对乘客构成双重保障


225
00:17:17,850 --> 00:17:20,753
更重要的是渡船很坚固


226
00:17:20,753 --> 00:17:23,556
可以载起一辆货车


227
00:17:23,556 --> 00:17:27,549
当地人对渡船的需求很大


228
00:17:32,865 --> 00:17:34,633
坐船的什么人都有


229
00:17:34,633 --> 00:17:37,036
乘客来自各个民族


230
00:17:37,036 --> 00:17:41,029
有西藏、保安族、回族和东乡族


231
00:17:41,440 --> 00:17:42,875
大家坐在同一条船上


232
00:17:42,875 --> 00:17:44,076
靠岸之后


233
00:17:44,076 --> 00:17:48,069
就各自回自己的村落过生活


234
00:18:00,793 --> 00:18:02,628
在附近的临夏市


235
00:18:02,628 --> 00:18:06,621
当地最大的宗教是伊斯兰教


236
00:18:09,835 --> 00:18:12,538
山坡响起寺庙的钟声


237
00:18:12,538 --> 00:18:15,574
而市内伊斯兰教寺庙的金顶


238
00:18:15,574 --> 00:18:19,567
成为一种特色


239
00:18:23,582 --> 00:18:26,485
临夏的居民以回族人为主


240
00:18:26,485 --> 00:18:30,478
它是其中一个主要的伊斯兰市镇


241
00:18:32,792 --> 00:18:36,796
探索队正巧遇上伊斯兰教的斋戒月


242
00:18:36,796 --> 00:18:38,798
虔诚的信徒在这个月里


243
00:18:38,798 --> 00:18:41,434
从日出至日落都禁食


244
00:18:41,434 --> 00:18:45,427
就连喝一滴水都不可以


245
00:18:48,774 --> 00:18:51,811
在镇上最大的伊斯兰庙里


246
00:18:51,811 --> 00:18:54,613
挤满了男性教徒


247
00:18:54,613 --> 00:18:58,606
他们头上戴的帽是信仰的标记


248
00:19:00,820 --> 00:19:04,123
信徒不论老少 从四面八方而来


249
00:19:04,123 --> 00:19:06,992
静待圣城麦加送来的电报


250
00:19:06,992 --> 00:19:10,985
宣布斋戒月结束 不需要再禁食


251
00:19:14,133 --> 00:19:17,603
伊斯兰教是用农历法计算


252
00:19:17,603 --> 00:19:20,639
斋戒期横跨了两次月朔


253
00:19:20,639 --> 00:19:23,909
开始之后 到第二次新月出现时


254
00:19:23,909 --> 00:19:26,579
就会传送给他们讯息


255
00:19:26,579 --> 00:19:30,572
公告斋戒期结束


256
00:19:32,685 --> 00:19:33,819
传讯人来到


257
00:19:33,819 --> 00:19:37,812
他推开人群向伊斯兰庙走去


258
00:19:38,791 --> 00:19:41,827
回纥族人在西部边陲居住


259
00:19:41,827 --> 00:19:44,530
同样信奉伊斯兰教


260
00:19:44,530 --> 00:19:46,532
有人认为用回族这个名


261
00:19:46,532 --> 00:19:50,525
统称回纥族是不敬


262
00:19:53,939 --> 00:19:56,475
中国目前有七百万回族人


263
00:19:56,475 --> 00:19:57,977
及六百万回纥人


264
00:19:57,977 --> 00:20:01,080
他们是人口最多的少数民族


265
00:20:01,080 --> 00:20:03,015
中国国旗上的五粒星


266
00:20:03,015 --> 00:20:05,084
回族占其中一粒


267
00:20:05,084 --> 00:20:08,587
其余代表汉族、满族


268
00:20:08,587 --> 00:20:12,580
藏族及蒙古族


269
00:20:16,562 --> 00:20:18,664
回族人揉合了汉人


270
00:20:18,664 --> 00:20:20,733
和其他亚裔人的特色


271
00:20:20,733 --> 00:20:21,834
他们说汉语


272
00:20:21,834 --> 00:20:25,827
但是宗教则比较西化


273
00:20:26,505 --> 00:20:29,775
由于黄河盆地一带的种族不断通婚


274
00:20:29,775 --> 00:20:31,911
有些人的祖先是蒙古人


275
00:20:31,911 --> 00:20:34,847
土耳其人 甚至伊朗人


276
00:20:34,847 --> 00:20:38,840
将他们连系起来的就是黄河


277
00:20:46,058 --> 00:20:47,960
虽然渡船服务足够


278
00:20:47,960 --> 00:20:50,963
不过有些旧习惯是无法改变的


279
00:20:50,963 --> 00:20:54,956
这个人选择用古老方法过河


280
00:20:56,702 --> 00:20:58,704
虽然好像有失大体


281
00:20:58,704 --> 00:21:00,673
但是不需要付钱


282
00:21:00,673 --> 00:21:04,666
而且好像自己开车一样方便


283
00:21:06,779 --> 00:21:09,815
不过这样过河可能会弄湿全身


284
00:21:09,815 --> 00:21:12,117
而且也十分消耗体力


285
00:21:12,117 --> 00:21:16,110
他偶而也会停下来喘口气


286
00:21:17,056 --> 00:21:19,692
这个设计好像上游的羊皮筏


287
00:21:19,692 --> 00:21:22,695
而这条是用搽了油和盐


288
00:21:22,695 --> 00:21:26,688
处理过的干牛皮制成的


289
00:21:31,870 --> 00:21:34,173
这块牛皮不止用来做皮筏


290
00:21:34,173 --> 00:21:36,942
过河的男人还将随身物品


291
00:21:36,942 --> 00:21:38,877
放入牛皮囊里面


292
00:21:38,877 --> 00:21:42,870
甚至有人将小孩子放进去过河


293
00:21:46,885 --> 00:21:49,355
河的另一边是青海省


294
00:21:49,355 --> 00:21:52,891
河水急促将他们冲去较远的地方


295
00:21:52,891 --> 00:21:56,884
不过要方便就要付出代价


296
00:22:03,802 --> 00:22:05,738
离开回族 探索队来到


297
00:22:05,738 --> 00:22:07,606
住在黄土高原西面


298
00:22:07,606 --> 00:22:09,942
多山地区的东乡族


299
00:22:09,942 --> 00:22:13,112
他们主要以务农和牧羊维生


300
00:22:13,112 --> 00:22:17,105
懂得用尽这里有限的资源


301
00:22:20,786 --> 00:22:24,423
这里土地贫瘠 东乡人努力耕种


302
00:22:24,423 --> 00:22:26,158
他们种的是花生


303
00:22:26,158 --> 00:22:30,151
收成时每个家庭成员都要出动帮忙


304
00:22:34,400 --> 00:22:35,768
东乡人的轮廓


305
00:22:35,768 --> 00:22:39,071
更像中东人而非亚裔人


306
00:22:39,071 --> 00:22:42,808
东乡人面对的最大问题是食用水


307
00:22:42,808 --> 00:22:46,801
他们要耕耘的黄沙土长期干旱


308
00:22:48,914 --> 00:22:51,383
陡峭的山坡很难灌概


309
00:22:51,383 --> 00:22:55,376
东乡人要用水桶背水上山灌概


310
00:22:56,755 --> 00:23:00,025
在海拔三千米的地方做甚么都辛苦


311
00:23:00,025 --> 00:23:03,862
东乡人面对大自然依然不屈不挠


312
00:23:03,862 --> 00:23:07,855
可见他们充满毅力和忍耐力


313
00:23:09,435 --> 00:23:13,072
东乡人并无意识选择在这里定居


314
00:23:13,072 --> 00:23:16,475
大自然毫不饶人 他们也只能说


315
00:23:16,475 --> 00:23:18,744
看不见山的顶峰


316
00:23:18,744 --> 00:23:21,146
摸不到山谷最深处


317
00:23:21,146 --> 00:23:23,782
东乡人就是在山峰和山谷


318
00:23:23,782 --> 00:23:26,719
中间的山坡上努力耕种


319
00:23:26,719 --> 00:23:30,712
靠微薄的收成度日


320
00:23:31,790 --> 00:23:35,783
东乡人好像鸟巢似的聚居在山顶上


321
00:23:39,698 --> 00:23:42,000
他们的服饰与汉人看齐


322
00:23:42,000 --> 00:23:43,702
灰色的解放装


323
00:23:43,702 --> 00:23:46,872
采用标准交通工具自行车


324
00:23:46,872 --> 00:23:50,809
他们与回族人一样 信奉伊斯兰教


325
00:23:50,809 --> 00:23:54,446
不过人口少得多 只有三十万人


326
00:23:54,446 --> 00:23:58,439
在十几亿人口中简直是沧海一粟


327
00:23:59,818 --> 00:24:03,055
东乡人的祖先也与成吉思汗有关


328
00:24:03,055 --> 00:24:07,048
其余祖先远自阿拉伯和中亚洲


329
00:24:07,426 --> 00:24:10,763
当年东乡人的祖先加入蒙古大军


330
00:24:10,763 --> 00:24:11,997
在称霸的时候


331
00:24:11,997 --> 00:24:15,990
将这片土地纳为殖民地


332
00:24:18,370 --> 00:24:20,439
他们用干泥砖建屋


333
00:24:20,439 --> 00:24:23,008
在院子里形成一个U字形


334
00:24:23,008 --> 00:24:25,878
一个大家庭在同一屋檐下


335
00:24:25,878 --> 00:24:29,448
各自建立家庭


336
00:24:29,448 --> 00:24:33,185
水源缺乏 所以用水要十分谨慎


337
00:24:33,185 --> 00:24:35,954
他们在钻得很深的地底挖井


338
00:24:35,954 --> 00:24:39,947
从二十米下打水上来


339
00:24:50,769 --> 00:24:53,806
斋戒月结束 厨房炊烟四起


340
00:24:53,806 --> 00:24:57,799
正在准备庆祝大餐


341
00:24:58,544 --> 00:25:00,112
禁食后的第一顿饭


342
00:25:00,112 --> 00:25:01,980
多数都会大肆庆祝


343
00:25:01,980 --> 00:25:03,348
和做其他事情一样


344
00:25:03,348 --> 00:25:07,341
小朋友不用叫也很乐意帮忙做事


345
00:25:13,859 --> 00:25:16,128
在厨房可以最清楚见证


346
00:25:16,128 --> 00:25:20,121
中国和伊斯兰两种文化的融合


347
00:25:20,465 --> 00:25:24,458
伊斯兰大餐的面团竟然用筷子拉长


348
00:25:27,472 --> 00:25:31,465
然后再在面团里加上鸡蛋和蜜糖


349
00:25:37,382 --> 00:25:40,118
将面条放进油里炸


350
00:25:40,118 --> 00:25:42,387
这是中国的饮食特色


351
00:25:42,387 --> 00:25:45,524
制成品是像甜圈饼的小吃


352
00:25:45,524 --> 00:25:49,517
这就成为庆祝大餐的美食


353
00:25:52,064 --> 00:25:55,033
东乡族的教徒献上晚祷


354
00:25:55,033 --> 00:25:56,602
因为屋顶是平的


355
00:25:56,602 --> 00:26:00,595
所以成为群体膜拜的理想地点


356
00:26:03,475 --> 00:26:07,346
伊斯兰教徒面向圣城麦加祈祷


357
00:26:07,346 --> 00:26:11,339
他们面向西方


358
00:26:14,853 --> 00:26:17,589
余晖照射著信徒的面孔


359
00:26:17,589 --> 00:26:21,582
感谢真主带领他们度过斋戒月


360
00:26:32,671 --> 00:26:35,574
大家在圣城麦加圣殿的照片下


361
00:26:35,574 --> 00:26:37,142
享用过去一个月来


362
00:26:37,142 --> 00:26:41,135
第一顿正式的晚饭


363
00:26:43,548 --> 00:26:46,118
举行盛宴的是村内长老


364
00:26:46,118 --> 00:26:47,286
他的亲友


365
00:26:47,286 --> 00:26:50,656
和其他清真寺的教长都来了


366
00:26:50,656 --> 00:26:54,649
这个汤是户主的拿手菜


367
00:26:57,396 --> 00:26:59,665
其他美食包括羊肉菜饺


368
00:26:59,665 --> 00:27:03,602
是中国和伊斯兰烹饪的混合体


369
00:27:03,602 --> 00:27:05,437
伊斯兰教徒不吃猪肉


370
00:27:05,437 --> 00:27:09,430
而猪肉正是中国人喜爱的肉食


371
00:27:12,077 --> 00:27:14,446
伊斯兰教的教条非常严谨


372
00:27:14,446 --> 00:27:16,715
女人不可与男人同桌吃饭


373
00:27:16,715 --> 00:27:18,917
信徒不可饮酒


374
00:27:18,917 --> 00:27:20,118
对老人家来说


375
00:27:20,118 --> 00:27:24,111
有甚么比坐下回首往事更好呢


376
00:27:29,628 --> 00:27:30,996
经过一晚的享乐


377
00:27:30,996 --> 00:27:34,533
翌日睡醒后的队员又要继续上路


378
00:27:34,533 --> 00:27:36,702
他们的车掀起阵阵沙尘


379
00:27:36,702 --> 00:27:40,639
一群东乡人养的羊尾随其后


380
00:27:40,639 --> 00:27:42,674
探索队向西进发


381
00:27:42,674 --> 00:27:46,667
跟著黄河流入青海


382
00:27:50,382 --> 00:27:54,152
山区的黄土为东乡人带来很多问题


383
00:27:54,152 --> 00:27:55,687
黄土非常幼细


384
00:27:55,687 --> 00:27:57,756
很容易被风吹起


385
00:27:57,756 --> 00:27:59,491
黄土被吹进黄河


386
00:27:59,491 --> 00:28:01,994
令河水呈现泥黄色


387
00:28:01,994 --> 00:28:05,987
开始与黄河这个名称相符


388
00:28:08,200 --> 00:28:11,069
探索队来到另一个少数民族地区


389
00:28:11,069 --> 00:28:15,062
他们就是撒拉族


390
00:28:16,108 --> 00:28:18,777
曾经有人这样形容这一地区


391
00:28:18,777 --> 00:28:22,014
说这一带美妙的石块堆叠起来


392
00:28:22,014 --> 00:28:26,007
形成天然的障壁


393
00:28:31,123 --> 00:28:33,792
撒拉族的祖先来自中亚洲


394
00:28:33,792 --> 00:28:37,785
是途经丝绸之路的商旅或牧羊人


395
00:28:44,536 --> 00:28:47,139
道路开始狭窄得像裂缝似的


396
00:28:47,139 --> 00:28:51,132
队员于是在奇特的石林下向前走


397
00:28:59,451 --> 00:29:02,354
经过几小时危险又疲累的路程


398
00:29:02,354 --> 00:29:04,523
终于重见天日


399
00:29:04,523 --> 00:29:08,516
眼前的景色与之前截然不同


400
00:29:11,530 --> 00:29:13,098
一片无际的草原


401
00:29:13,098 --> 00:29:17,091
就是撒拉人的家园


402
00:29:17,803 --> 00:29:21,173
中国境内的撒拉族人不足七万


403
00:29:21,173 --> 00:29:22,674
但是声誉卓著


404
00:29:22,674 --> 00:29:26,111
证明他们是高效率的务农民族


405
00:29:26,111 --> 00:29:30,104
当然天然环境也有帮助


406
00:29:31,516 --> 00:29:35,509
撒拉族也信奉伊斯兰教


407
00:29:38,490 --> 00:29:41,660
队员很走运 碰上特别的喜庆事


408
00:29:41,660 --> 00:29:45,653
就是当地人举行传统婚礼仪式


409
00:29:48,100 --> 00:29:51,703
新郎在婚礼当天一早来到新娘家


410
00:29:51,703 --> 00:29:54,706
这与西方传统大大不同


411
00:29:54,706 --> 00:29:58,699
男家的人在门槛前停步 以示尊重


412
00:30:02,881 --> 00:30:05,083
新郎带著聘礼前来


413
00:30:05,083 --> 00:30:09,076
包括丝绸和送给女方家人的新鞋


414
00:30:12,691 --> 00:30:13,792
在撒拉文化中


415
00:30:13,792 --> 00:30:17,785
婚礼中最重要的男人是新娘的舅父


416
00:30:17,896 --> 00:30:21,889
他把礼金即送嫁钱交给男家的人


417
00:30:29,608 --> 00:30:33,211
新郎和伴郎负责站著傻笑


418
00:30:33,211 --> 00:30:37,204
而兄弟则帮忙点算钱款


419
00:30:38,250 --> 00:30:40,418
新娘的爸爸代表女儿


420
00:30:40,418 --> 00:30:42,821
送给新郎一条绣花腰带


421
00:30:42,821 --> 00:30:44,422
另一位叔父辈


422
00:30:44,422 --> 00:30:48,160
则将腰带绑在新郎腰间


423
00:30:48,160 --> 00:30:52,153
新娘花了很多时间绣这条腰带


424
00:30:54,599 --> 00:30:57,602
男傧相和新郎的打扮十分相似


425
00:30:57,602 --> 00:30:59,404
他绑上一条肩带


426
00:30:59,404 --> 00:31:03,397
现在要做的就是等新娘出场


427
00:31:12,217 --> 00:31:14,452
新郎的打扮一丝不苟


428
00:31:14,452 --> 00:31:16,755
婚礼七彩缤纷又浪漫


429
00:31:16,755 --> 00:31:18,623
这对新人是在同一个


430
00:31:18,623 --> 00:31:22,616
地方政府办事处工作而邂逅的


431
00:31:25,197 --> 00:31:29,190
新娘叫穆如兰 新郎叫穆明山


432
00:31:29,434 --> 00:31:32,637
中国很多伊斯兰教徒都姓穆


433
00:31:32,637 --> 00:31:34,639
因为与伊斯兰教领袖


434
00:31:34,639 --> 00:31:38,632
穆罕默德的发音相似


435
00:31:40,445 --> 00:31:41,746
小朋友总是这样


436
00:31:41,746 --> 00:31:45,739
急著想看看新娘的样子


437
00:31:46,985 --> 00:31:50,522
撒拉族传统的五彩缤纷新娘服饰


438
00:31:50,522 --> 00:31:52,557
同他们平时穿的灰色


439
00:31:52,557 --> 00:31:56,550
或蓝色解放装十分不同


440
00:31:58,630 --> 00:31:59,831
当中最漂亮的


441
00:31:59,831 --> 00:32:02,934
是那块手工精致的红头纱


442
00:32:02,934 --> 00:32:04,703
新娘望著镜中倒影


443
00:32:04,703 --> 00:32:08,696
含羞一笑就出门了


444
00:32:08,773 --> 00:32:11,843
新娘由亲人抬起背门而出


445
00:32:11,843 --> 00:32:15,380
这个习俗源于多年前的买卖婚姻


446
00:32:15,380 --> 00:32:17,849
新娘不情愿地被抬出去


447
00:32:17,849 --> 00:32:21,842
现在则表示不愿意离开父母


448
00:32:26,491 --> 00:32:29,728
新娘的亲人将她带到马的右面


449
00:32:29,728 --> 00:32:31,563
再扶她上马


450
00:32:31,563 --> 00:32:35,400
因为伊斯兰教徒凡事都靠右边


451
00:32:35,400 --> 00:32:39,393
这对他们十分重要


452
00:32:49,014 --> 00:32:50,482
新娘上马后


453
00:32:50,482 --> 00:32:53,752
一班女人就奉上加了糖和肉桂的茶


454
00:32:53,752 --> 00:32:57,745
是婚礼中的特色饮品


455
00:33:00,825 --> 00:33:01,760
新娘的亲戚


456
00:33:01,760 --> 00:33:03,962
甚至左邻右里和朋友


457
00:33:03,962 --> 00:33:07,955
都聚在一齐陪她送嫁


458
00:33:11,569 --> 00:33:14,739
撒拉族的婚礼比西方婚礼公开


459
00:33:14,739 --> 00:33:16,675
西方婚礼只有家人


460
00:33:16,675 --> 00:33:20,668
和被邀请的宾客参加


461
00:33:23,515 --> 00:33:26,785
新娘要与丈夫展开人生的新一页


462
00:33:26,785 --> 00:33:28,787
亲友都跟在后面


463
00:33:28,787 --> 00:33:32,780
大家都为斋戒月完结而情绪高涨


464
00:33:42,367 --> 00:33:44,469
狭窄的街巷上挤满了人


465
00:33:44,469 --> 00:33:46,504
既然不能做日常工作


466
00:33:46,504 --> 00:33:50,497
倒不如一起庆祝


467
00:33:51,376 --> 00:33:54,713
婚礼由伊斯兰教一位神职人员主持


468
00:33:54,713 --> 00:33:56,681
他要兼任见证人


469
00:33:56,681 --> 00:34:00,674
要检查新人的姓名年龄有无写错


470
00:34:00,885 --> 00:34:02,520
确定聘礼收妥


471
00:34:02,520 --> 00:34:06,513
最后要向真主阿拉祈祷祝福


472
00:34:12,397 --> 00:34:14,399
小朋友帮女家把风


473
00:34:14,399 --> 00:34:15,934
当来到男家屋外


474
00:34:15,934 --> 00:34:19,871
陪嫁姊妹好像要新娘骑马入屋似的


475
00:34:19,871 --> 00:34:23,864
新郎那边不肯 他们就作状打起来


476
00:34:28,613 --> 00:34:31,983
其实作状打架也是仪式的一部份


477
00:34:31,983 --> 00:34:35,976
只不过纯粹玩一玩


478
00:34:36,054 --> 00:34:40,047
最后兄弟捉著新娘抬她进屋


479
00:34:41,359 --> 00:34:42,560
新娘挣扎一下


480
00:34:42,560 --> 00:34:45,563
就被人用毡包著再抱进屋


481
00:34:45,563 --> 00:34:49,556
这也是仪式的一部份


482
00:34:57,876 --> 00:35:01,413
进了屋 新娘终于可以松一口气


483
00:35:01,413 --> 00:35:02,414
揭开面纱


484
00:35:02,414 --> 00:35:05,984
就开始仪式中比较庄严的环节


485
00:35:05,984 --> 00:35:08,820
新娘可以以真面目示人了


486
00:35:08,820 --> 00:35:12,813
婚礼之后会有庆祝活动至凌晨


487
00:35:21,933 --> 00:35:24,702
这是伊斯兰教的《可兰经》


488
00:35:24,702 --> 00:35:28,695
是撒拉人最珍藏的经卷


489
00:35:29,040 --> 00:35:33,033
可兰经封面刻有一行阿拉伯文


490
00:35:33,077 --> 00:35:35,980
【不可用不洁之手触摸】


491
00:35:35,980 --> 00:35:37,582
经卷是在七世纪


492
00:35:37,582 --> 00:35:41,575
由穆罕默德的门徒抄写


493
00:35:42,720 --> 00:35:46,658
穆拉麦希山是撒拉族人的宗教领袖


494
00:35:46,658 --> 00:35:48,960
他是最高级的神职人员


495
00:35:48,960 --> 00:35:52,953
也最适合解释撒拉人的宗教起源


496
00:35:57,035 --> 00:35:59,604
这本《可兰经》在撒拉族中


497
00:35:59,604 --> 00:36:01,005
代代相传


498
00:36:01,005 --> 00:36:02,774
提醒他们的根源


499
00:36:02,774 --> 00:36:06,767
并指引日常的生活与为人处事


500
00:36:13,551 --> 00:36:15,520
他说在十三世纪


501
00:36:15,520 --> 00:36:18,823
有两名兄弟在撒玛肯居住


502
00:36:18,823 --> 00:36:20,525
他们知识极广


503
00:36:20,525 --> 00:36:24,518
因此成为当时的英雄


504
00:36:25,630 --> 00:36:28,633
但是皇帝妒忌他们如此受欢迎


505
00:36:28,633 --> 00:36:30,001
而加以迫害


506
00:36:30,001 --> 00:36:31,669
他们被赶出家园


507
00:36:31,669 --> 00:36:35,662
出发寻找一个新的家


508
00:36:37,909 --> 00:36:39,677
他们带了很少家当


509
00:36:39,677 --> 00:36:42,680
是些令他们想起家乡的东西


510
00:36:42,680 --> 00:36:45,183
有这片土地的水和泥土


511
00:36:45,183 --> 00:36:49,176
还有一本《可兰经》


512
00:36:51,990 --> 00:36:53,858
他们的前路难行


513
00:36:53,858 --> 00:36:57,862
首先跨过积雪的天山 再回平地


514
00:36:57,862 --> 00:37:01,855
穿越西北部的沙漠


515
00:37:03,601 --> 00:37:05,970
他们穿越塔克拉玛干盆地时


516
00:37:05,970 --> 00:37:07,839
一定最辛苦


517
00:37:07,839 --> 00:37:11,643
又饿又渴 又受到沙暴侵袭


518
00:37:11,643 --> 00:37:13,011
他们一定深深明白


519
00:37:13,011 --> 00:37:16,014
为何这里叫塔克拉玛干


520
00:37:16,014 --> 00:37:19,817
其意为进去了就出不来


521
00:37:19,817 --> 00:37:23,810
换言之 走进去就没命走出来


522
00:37:27,692 --> 00:37:30,862
最后他们沿著丝绸之路而行


523
00:37:30,862 --> 00:37:33,531
在黄河盆地结束行程


524
00:37:33,531 --> 00:37:36,634
这个长征与毛泽东那次非常不同


525
00:37:36,634 --> 00:37:40,627
因为他们令撒拉族诞生


526
00:37:51,983 --> 00:37:54,819
撒拉族在黄河盆地的历史


527
00:37:54,819 --> 00:37:57,755
可以追溯到七百年前


528
00:37:57,755 --> 00:37:58,756
他们的起源


529
00:37:58,756 --> 00:38:01,559
令他们能够成为中国的一部份


530
00:38:01,559 --> 00:38:05,552
但是又与中国区分开来


531
00:38:06,965 --> 00:38:08,633
除了十九世纪


532
00:38:08,633 --> 00:38:10,935
他们受到明朝皇帝支配外


533
00:38:10,935 --> 00:38:14,928
一直都争取保持信仰自由及自主


534
00:38:19,711 --> 00:38:22,914
撒拉族人虽然有过激烈的过去


535
00:38:22,914 --> 00:38:25,350
但是族人都和平共处


536
00:38:25,350 --> 00:38:28,753
并没有忘记祖先悲惨的经历


537
00:38:28,753 --> 00:38:31,356
他们在名为骆驼之舞的表演中


538
00:38:31,356 --> 00:38:35,349
重演他们的历史


539
00:38:37,061 --> 00:38:37,962
在舞蹈中


540
00:38:37,962 --> 00:38:40,932
两兄弟流放的经历活现眼前


541
00:38:40,932 --> 00:38:42,900
白骆驼与白长袍


542
00:38:42,900 --> 00:38:46,804
象征两兄弟受迫害的纯洁内心


543
00:38:46,804 --> 00:38:48,373
骆驼驮著的泥土


544
00:38:48,373 --> 00:38:52,366
就代表他们在家乡取走的泥土


545
00:38:53,811 --> 00:38:56,981
旁述严肃地读出《可兰经》的经文


546
00:38:56,981 --> 00:38:59,851
两兄弟在沙漠里几乎渴死


547
00:38:59,851 --> 00:39:02,954
穿越山区时又举步维艰


548
00:39:02,954 --> 00:39:06,947
他们的经历再次重现眼前


549
00:39:19,404 --> 00:39:21,105
经过多月的行程


550
00:39:21,105 --> 00:39:25,098
两兄弟来到黄河河岸


551
00:39:29,914 --> 00:39:33,451
大家一起诵唱家传户晓的歌曲


552
00:39:33,451 --> 00:39:36,688
黄河流经这一带的河水十分清澈


553
00:39:36,688 --> 00:39:40,681
灌概这片土地 令植物生长茂盛


554
00:39:40,792 --> 00:39:44,785
与之前的沙漠、雪山完全不同


555
00:39:47,098 --> 00:39:50,802
河中有鱼一跃而出 土地肥沃


556
00:39:50,802 --> 00:39:51,969
两兄弟认为


557
00:39:51,969 --> 00:39:55,962
这片是阿拉真主赐给他们的乐土


558
00:39:59,310 --> 00:40:03,303
观众再次赞颂阿拉真主的大恩大德


559
00:40:03,881 --> 00:40:05,316
在骆驼之舞中


560
00:40:05,316 --> 00:40:07,885
大家感谢真主指引他们


561
00:40:07,885 --> 00:40:11,878
来到有如乐土的黄河上游盆地


562
00:40:15,393 --> 00:40:16,861
除了撒拉族人


563
00:40:16,861 --> 00:40:19,030
很多被迫害的少数民族


564
00:40:19,030 --> 00:40:23,023
都视这里是人间天堂


565
00:40:23,868 --> 00:40:25,870
他们大都各自生活


566
00:40:25,870 --> 00:40:29,863
不过每年都会在河阳举行歌谣节


567
00:40:32,076 --> 00:40:34,846
各歌手清脆嘹亮的歌声


568
00:40:34,846 --> 00:40:37,815
响彻这个偏远的山区


569
00:40:37,815 --> 00:40:39,817
有独唱 有合唱


570
00:40:39,817 --> 00:40:42,086
有清唱 也有伴奏


571
00:40:42,086 --> 00:40:46,079
大家只是想表达欢乐


572
00:40:51,729 --> 00:40:55,032
歌谣节是五官一同享受的节日


573
00:40:55,032 --> 00:40:57,368
夸张的舞台化妆和服饰


574
00:40:57,368 --> 00:41:01,361
令人目不暇给


575
00:41:06,010 --> 00:41:10,003
无论是表演者抑或观众都乐在其中


576
00:41:20,057 --> 00:41:23,828
这个情景更像是苏格兰而非中国


577
00:41:23,828 --> 00:41:26,397
大家都在小溪和无花果树旁


578
00:41:26,397 --> 00:41:28,366
搭起帐篷度宿


579
00:41:28,366 --> 00:41:31,869
撒拉族、东乡族、回族和保安族


580
00:41:31,869 --> 00:41:33,771
加起来有十万人


581
00:41:33,771 --> 00:41:37,764
一起在星空下露宿


582
00:41:39,043 --> 00:41:43,036
其中有些人远道由青海、四川而来


583
00:41:43,080 --> 00:41:47,073
也有汉人来凑热闹


584
00:41:47,451 --> 00:41:49,053
歌谣节并不是比赛


585
00:41:49,053 --> 00:41:51,055
只是因为高兴而唱


586
00:41:51,055 --> 00:41:55,048
唱出他们简单的乡村小调


587
00:42:14,545 --> 00:42:16,113
他们令平静的山区


588
00:42:16,113 --> 00:42:18,616
添上嘉年华会的味道


589
00:42:18,616 --> 00:42:21,519
观众坐汽车、货车、公共汽车


590
00:42:21,519 --> 00:42:25,512
甚至骑马或者徒步前来


591
00:42:30,394 --> 00:42:32,930
每个民族都各有不同


592
00:42:32,930 --> 00:42:36,923
歌谣节变成大都会式的聚会


593
00:42:38,002 --> 00:42:40,371
大家都有自己喜爱的食物


594
00:42:40,371 --> 00:42:44,364
试试不同的食物也不错


595
00:42:44,575 --> 00:42:47,445
露天食档老板的生意非常好


596
00:42:47,445 --> 00:42:50,915
小贩的叫买声也不绝于耳


597
00:42:50,915 --> 00:42:53,985
这是以物易物的自由市场


598
00:42:53,985 --> 00:42:57,978
这里有许多货品任君选择


599
00:43:00,658 --> 00:43:04,651
如果想继续上路的就买顶帽子


600
00:43:06,931 --> 00:43:08,900
还是说回唱歌的事


601
00:43:08,900 --> 00:43:12,003
当歌谣节进行得如火如荼时


602
00:43:12,003 --> 00:43:15,996
这里已经聚集了几千名观众


603
00:43:17,275 --> 00:43:19,610
这首合唱歌叫【华缕】


604
00:43:19,610 --> 00:43:20,611
这类民歌


605
00:43:20,611 --> 00:43:24,604
多数是歌颂对自己民族的骄傲


606
00:43:24,682 --> 00:43:27,018
反抗当权者的意思


607
00:43:27,018 --> 00:43:31,011
以及确立民族的身份


608
00:43:35,960 --> 00:43:39,953
录下了歌声 回家就可以威风一番


609
00:43:41,565 --> 00:43:45,558
她在歌颂自己的东乡族


610
00:43:48,372 --> 00:43:52,365
还有六人大乐队为她伴奏


611
00:43:58,616 --> 00:44:00,451
歌曲的内容是


612
00:44:00,451 --> 00:44:02,520
我热爱东乡的山


613
00:44:02,520 --> 00:44:05,089
农作物在其中生产


614
00:44:05,089 --> 00:44:07,525
遥看好似一粒宝石


615
00:44:07,525 --> 00:44:09,393
我深爱我的家乡


616
00:44:09,393 --> 00:44:13,386
就是东乡族美丽的山


617
00:44:31,148 --> 00:44:34,618
歌手以美丽纯真的歌曲互相竞争


618
00:44:34,618 --> 00:44:36,487
不过都是善意的


619
00:44:36,487 --> 00:44:40,480
大家只注重唱歌带来的喜乐


620
00:44:50,534 --> 00:44:53,704
河阳歌谣节已经超过三百年的历史


621
00:44:53,704 --> 00:44:55,740
相传有位年轻猎人


622
00:44:55,740 --> 00:44:57,675
在这里邂逅一位少女


623
00:44:57,675 --> 00:45:01,668
还以歌曲打动她


624
00:45:10,488 --> 00:45:11,555
时至今日


625
00:45:11,555 --> 00:45:15,548
年轻男女会在山间随意大唱情歌


626
00:45:18,396 --> 00:45:22,033
不过古时的中国不主张自由恋爱


627
00:45:22,033 --> 00:45:23,401
在封建时代


628
00:45:23,401 --> 00:45:26,670
君主有权决定一对男女的婚姻


629
00:45:26,670 --> 00:45:30,663
以显示他完全控制著自己的部属


630
00:45:33,010 --> 00:45:34,612
在当时许多情歌


631
00:45:34,612 --> 00:45:37,348
都是秘密创作、演唱


632
00:45:37,348 --> 00:45:39,050
以反抗专横君主


633
00:45:39,050 --> 00:45:43,043
并认定真爱一定会开花结果


634
00:45:48,726 --> 00:45:51,328
虽然有些人五音不全


635
00:45:51,328 --> 00:45:55,321
不过一样玩得十分开心


636
00:45:59,570 --> 00:46:03,307
歌谣节在山区短暂夏季的六月举行


637
00:46:03,307 --> 00:46:05,543
大家都会尽情享受


638
00:46:05,543 --> 00:46:06,677
每个表演之间


639
00:46:06,677 --> 00:46:10,670
他们都会散步、聊天


640
00:46:23,094 --> 00:46:25,129
黄河头三分一的旅程


641
00:46:25,129 --> 00:46:27,431
就像中国的缩影


642
00:46:27,431 --> 00:46:30,434
很多民族居住在黄河流域沿岸


643
00:46:30,434 --> 00:46:32,837
各有不同的传统和生活


644
00:46:32,837 --> 00:46:34,572
现在大家聚在一起


645
00:46:34,572 --> 00:46:36,474
赞颂生存的喜悦


646
00:46:36,474 --> 00:46:40,467
实在令人心头一暖


647
00:46:43,547 --> 00:46:45,583
黄河流向更多地方


648
00:46:45,583 --> 00:46:48,586
会有更多不同的文化和风俗


649
00:46:48,586 --> 00:46:50,588
他们都是中国的一部份


650
00:46:50,588 --> 00:46:54,581
龙和龙的河 的确是贴切的象征


651
00:46:57,495 --> 00:47:00,264
队员还有很多路程要走


652
00:47:00,264 --> 00:47:01,499
不过他们会记住


653
00:47:01,499 --> 00:47:04,668
淳朴好客的中国伊斯兰教徒


654
00:47:04,668 --> 00:47:06,704
因为他们把黄河上游


655
00:47:06,704 --> 00:47:10,697
变成自己的乐土