1
00:00:05,332 --> 00:00:07,534
黄河在中国人心目中

2
00:00:07,534 --> 00:00:10,170
一直占有很重要的位置

3
00:00:10,170 --> 00:00:11,672
现在有一队探索队

4
00:00:11,672 --> 00:00:13,607
要寻找它的源头

5
00:00:13,607 --> 00:00:16,377
跟随它延绵五千五百公里

6
00:00:16,377 --> 00:00:18,412
直至大海

7
00:00:18,412 --> 00:00:22,405
这个节目就记录了他们的旅程

8
00:01:36,557 --> 00:01:38,759
西藏佛教中的经布

9
00:01:38,759 --> 00:01:40,627
是印满经文的布

10
00:01:40,627 --> 00:01:44,620
在狂风中飘扬

11
00:01:45,265 --> 00:01:48,135
这些土墩是前往朝圣路上

12
00:01:48,135 --> 00:01:52,128
经常见到的东西

13
00:01:52,473 --> 00:01:54,341
西藏佛教信仰中

14
00:01:54,341 --> 00:01:57,611
诵经和朝圣是非常重要的

15
00:01:57,611 --> 00:02:00,747
诵经的量和质同样重要

16
00:02:00,747 --> 00:02:04,585
西藏人相信破烂的经布被风吹动

17
00:02:04,585 --> 00:02:08,578
就等于诵经一次

18
00:02:10,624 --> 00:02:12,793
这个偏远山区叫河西

19
00:02:12,793 --> 00:02:16,786
黄河以西的意思

20
00:02:17,731 --> 00:02:21,668
这区的人通常会步行或者策马而行

21
00:02:21,668 --> 00:02:25,661
探索队的吉普车惹来奇怪目光

22
00:02:28,442 --> 00:02:31,178
很难想像在这条平坦路上

23
00:02:31,178 --> 00:02:34,715
有过刀光剑影 千军万马的场面

24
00:02:34,715 --> 00:02:37,417
汉人 西藏人 蒙古人

25
00:02:37,417 --> 00:02:40,621
和控制丝绸之路的游牧民族商旅

26
00:02:40,621 --> 00:02:41,788
吐谷浑人

27
00:02:41,788 --> 00:02:45,781
都曾经在这里起过争端

28
00:02:47,594 --> 00:02:48,662
丝绸之路

29
00:02:48,662 --> 00:02:51,665
将昔日的中土与西域连系起来

30
00:02:51,665 --> 00:02:54,535
西域位于令人提心吊胆的

31
00:02:54,535 --> 00:02:58,528
祁连山山脉下

32
00:03:04,311 --> 00:03:06,180
控制丝路的吐谷浑人

33
00:03:06,180 --> 00:03:08,582
在七世纪时被西藏征服

34
00:03:08,582 --> 00:03:11,285
土族是吐谷浑人的后裔

35
00:03:11,285 --> 00:03:12,753
他们有蒙古人血统

36
00:03:12,753 --> 00:03:16,746
祖先是成吉思汗的一位将军

37
00:03:21,161 --> 00:03:24,665
现在土族人只剩下十三万人

38
00:03:24,665 --> 00:03:28,658
他们已经被融入中国人的生活模式

39
00:03:31,171 --> 00:03:34,341
不过他们还保存着传统服饰

40
00:03:34,341 --> 00:03:36,843
土族妇女穿着七彩棉外套

41
00:03:36,843 --> 00:03:40,836
绑阔腰带 头戴阔边帽

42
00:03:50,657 --> 00:03:53,193
土族人原本是游牧民族

43
00:03:53,193 --> 00:03:57,186
但是现在好多都改为务农为生

44
00:03:59,700 --> 00:04:01,535
附近有座在佛教中

45
00:04:01,535 --> 00:04:04,238
很重要的塔尔寺

46
00:04:04,238 --> 00:04:07,274
意思是有塔顶的寺庙

47
00:04:07,274 --> 00:04:09,309
西藏语是古本

48
00:04:09,309 --> 00:04:13,302
就是十万佛像的意思

49
00:04:18,352 --> 00:04:20,854
黄河将甘肃省一分为二

50
00:04:20,854 --> 00:04:22,756
在这个苍翠的地区

51
00:04:22,756 --> 00:04:26,593
黄河是这里的重点

52
00:04:26,593 --> 00:04:29,663
黄河流往甘肃省省会兰州前

53
00:04:29,663 --> 00:04:33,533
首先和另一条河黄水汇合

54
00:04:33,533 --> 00:04:36,770
黄水的水亦是金黄色的

55
00:04:36,770 --> 00:04:39,806
黄水源头在青海省山区

56
00:04:39,806 --> 00:04:41,041
它和黄河一样

57
00:04:41,041 --> 00:04:44,811
将不同的商业 旅客 文化和传统

58
00:04:44,811 --> 00:04:48,804
在甘肃人民当中流传

59
00:04:49,750 --> 00:04:52,552
塔尔寺位处这条分流之上

60
00:04:52,552 --> 00:04:56,023
探索队决定前往探索这座寺庙

61
00:04:56,023 --> 00:04:57,724
据说他们是多年来

62
00:04:57,724 --> 00:05:00,027
第一批外国人访客

63
00:05:00,027 --> 00:05:04,020
寺庙从未被镜头仔细捕捉过

64
00:05:12,506 --> 00:05:14,408
和中国其他地方一样

65
00:05:14,408 --> 00:05:17,511
黄水河谷也满载历史

66
00:05:17,511 --> 00:05:19,680
多石的悬崖记录着张骞

67
00:05:19,680 --> 00:05:22,683
早在公元前二世纪出使西域

68
00:05:22,683 --> 00:05:25,852
将东方海岸和西域连结起来

69
00:05:25,852 --> 00:05:29,845
成为日后著名的丝绸之路

70
00:05:36,296 --> 00:05:38,799
而在七世纪 唐朝文成公主

71
00:05:38,799 --> 00:05:42,102
沿着黄水河而上 下嫁西藏王

72
00:05:42,102 --> 00:05:46,095
将佛教传到这里

73
00:05:46,406 --> 00:05:49,609
西藏人深爱和尊敬文成公主

74
00:05:49,609 --> 00:05:53,602
她的地位和神明一样

75
00:06:03,423 --> 00:06:06,360
塔尔寺有超过一千座建筑物

76
00:06:06,360 --> 00:06:08,061
环抱翠绿山峦

77
00:06:08,061 --> 00:06:12,054
建筑物顶部在阳光普照下金光闪闪

78
00:06:18,505 --> 00:06:20,440
充满哀愁的号角声

79
00:06:20,440 --> 00:06:24,433
划破山谷寂静的晨空

80
00:06:25,412 --> 00:06:29,116
寺庙的僧侣称为喇嘛 属于黄教

81
00:06:29,116 --> 00:06:31,818
春节期间他们会戴上黄色帽

82
00:06:31,818 --> 00:06:35,811
所以因而得名

83
00:06:43,997 --> 00:06:47,100
寺庙精金的屋顶和考究的装饰

84
00:06:47,100 --> 00:06:50,804
都令游客为之神夺

85
00:06:50,804 --> 00:06:54,797
每个屋顶和塔都有镏金铜的雕刻

86
00:06:55,742 --> 00:06:56,977
屋顶的设计

87
00:06:56,977 --> 00:07:00,414
显示受到典型的中国斜尖顶设计

88
00:07:00,414 --> 00:07:04,407
和西藏平顶设计所影响

89
00:07:07,654 --> 00:07:09,523
一打开寺庙大门

90
00:07:09,523 --> 00:07:11,792
就见到宗喀巴大师像

91
00:07:11,792 --> 00:07:14,394
因为他三岁已经决定出家

92
00:07:14,394 --> 00:07:15,662
还一去不返

93
00:07:15,662 --> 00:07:19,655
他的母亲于是兴建一座塔纪念他

94
00:07:23,069 --> 00:07:25,439
后来他去了西藏拉萨

95
00:07:25,439 --> 00:07:28,608
传扬他自创的喇嘛教的佛法

96
00:07:28,608 --> 00:07:32,601
他很多方面都推翻佛教的教导

97
00:07:34,114 --> 00:07:35,849
信徒去到他的出生地

98
00:07:35,849 --> 00:07:39,052
令塔尔寺日益受欢迎

99
00:07:39,052 --> 00:07:40,587
大殿和附近的地方

100
00:07:40,587 --> 00:07:44,580
僧侣和信徒都一齐俯伏在地诵经

101
00:07:44,624 --> 00:07:48,617
不断重覆作五体投地礼

102
00:07:58,572 --> 00:08:00,607
厚身松木铺成的地面

103
00:08:00,607 --> 00:08:02,476
每两年更换一次

104
00:08:02,476 --> 00:08:04,110
因为朝圣者太投入

105
00:08:04,110 --> 00:08:08,103
朝圣痕迹深印在地上

106
00:08:13,086 --> 00:08:16,656
文化大革命时塔尔寺都安然无恙

107
00:08:16,656 --> 00:08:19,693
1966年 红卫兵前来打击喇嘛

108
00:08:19,693 --> 00:08:23,686
喇嘛视死如归 最后决心战胜武器

109
00:08:34,207 --> 00:08:36,476
又是美丽新一日的开始

110
00:08:36,476 --> 00:08:40,469
农历4月15日 是他们的佛诞

111
00:08:42,649 --> 00:08:45,151
每年的这一天 信众抬着一卷

112
00:08:45,151 --> 00:08:47,287
三十米乘五十米的画

113
00:08:47,287 --> 00:08:50,657
好像黄河那样弯弯曲曲地向前走

114
00:08:50,657 --> 00:08:52,726
这幅画在二百五十年前

115
00:08:52,726 --> 00:08:56,719
用人手堆绣而成

116
00:09:01,701 --> 00:09:03,270
数以百计的信众

117
00:09:03,270 --> 00:09:07,263
小心地将画逐寸打开

118
00:09:16,249 --> 00:09:17,517
被认为是佛祖

119
00:09:17,517 --> 00:09:19,853
今世轮回的大喇嘛图西

120
00:09:19,853 --> 00:09:23,846
主持揭幕仪式

121
00:09:24,658 --> 00:09:28,651
聚集的信徒静心等待和诵经

122
00:09:31,798 --> 00:09:33,533
在丝绸盖布下

123
00:09:33,533 --> 00:09:37,526
是画功精致又庄严神圣的佛祖像

124
00:09:48,648 --> 00:09:52,285
画中的是弥勒佛 代表未来的菩萨

125
00:09:52,285 --> 00:09:56,056
佛教徒相信他五十六亿七千万年后

126
00:09:56,056 --> 00:10:00,049
会重临凡间 普渡众生

127
00:10:31,658 --> 00:10:32,792
海螺的响声

128
00:10:32,792 --> 00:10:34,794
是叫醒喇嘛起床诵经的时候

129
00:10:34,794 --> 00:10:38,787
四周仍然漆黑一片

130
00:10:40,166 --> 00:10:41,868
现在是凌晨四点半

131
00:10:41,868 --> 00:10:44,204
一众喇嘛仍然睡眼惺忪地

132
00:10:44,204 --> 00:10:48,197
从每个角落赶到大金瓦殿来

133
00:11:01,287 --> 00:11:04,057
五点整 喇嘛敲响大钟

134
00:11:04,057 --> 00:11:08,050
开始诵经 一诵就要三小时

135
00:11:21,675 --> 00:11:24,277
塔尔寺的喇嘛来自各个民族

136
00:11:24,277 --> 00:11:26,813
有土族 西藏和蒙古

137
00:11:26,813 --> 00:11:29,349
这里住有超过五百名僧侣

138
00:11:29,349 --> 00:11:31,718
在圣日或者节期进行时

139
00:11:31,718 --> 00:11:35,711
会多达好几千人

140
00:11:38,091 --> 00:11:41,194
红军掌权后 塔尔寺曾受威胁

141
00:11:41,194 --> 00:11:43,463
喇嘛被逼做农夫的工作

142
00:11:43,463 --> 00:11:45,865
83年得到大喇嘛保护

143
00:11:45,865 --> 00:11:49,858
才可以回复诵经的日子

144
00:11:52,472 --> 00:11:55,075
西藏佛教信仰五彩缤纷

145
00:11:55,075 --> 00:11:56,776
艺术品非常精致

146
00:11:56,776 --> 00:12:00,769
好像这尊十一面雕像

147
00:12:12,358 --> 00:12:15,862
佛教祭坛通常放满装饰品和雕像

148
00:12:15,862 --> 00:12:18,798
色彩缤纷的挂画和金色神像

149
00:12:18,798 --> 00:12:22,791
在黑暗中闪闪发亮

150
00:12:25,138 --> 00:12:28,374
大喇嘛所坐的位置现在用黄布盖住

151
00:12:28,374 --> 00:12:29,375
所有大喇嘛

152
00:12:29,375 --> 00:12:33,179
都被认为是以前的大喇嘛轮回再世

153
00:12:33,179 --> 00:12:37,172
重临人间 为信众提供指引

154
00:12:39,152 --> 00:12:43,145
常常早起的信众和喇嘛一齐诵经

155
00:12:46,392 --> 00:12:47,861
同一时间 厨房里面

156
00:12:47,861 --> 00:12:51,854
正准备大家的早点

157
00:12:54,200 --> 00:12:56,770
小喇嘛学习做琐碎任务

158
00:12:56,770 --> 00:12:59,739
诵经期间每隔一小时休息时

159
00:12:59,739 --> 00:13:03,732
为长辈奉上热茶

160
00:13:04,444 --> 00:13:08,437
小喇嘛在厨房忙完 就静心等待

161
00:13:10,183 --> 00:13:14,176
就算是五月 清晨气温亦只有零度

162
00:13:17,090 --> 00:13:18,825
热茶深受喇嘛欢迎

163
00:13:18,825 --> 00:13:22,818
上了年纪的 更有这需要

164
00:13:30,870 --> 00:13:32,372
现在是早饭时间

165
00:13:32,372 --> 00:13:35,441
西藏人的主要食粮是大麦面粉

166
00:13:35,441 --> 00:13:36,910
又叫糌粑

167
00:13:36,910 --> 00:13:40,246
加上酥油茶搓成糕点 就可以吃

168
00:13:40,246 --> 00:13:42,282
糌粑是原始的快餐

169
00:13:42,282 --> 00:13:46,275
营养丰富 携带方便

170
00:14:00,433 --> 00:14:02,869
负责纪律的喇嘛敲响木钟

171
00:14:02,869 --> 00:14:06,862
表示休息完毕 要继续诵经

172
00:14:16,316 --> 00:14:18,451
一小时后再重覆一次

173
00:14:18,451 --> 00:14:21,621
有位小喇嘛很心急 不慎跌倒

174
00:14:21,621 --> 00:14:24,624
不过他只担心有没有打翻了茶

175
00:14:24,624 --> 00:14:26,392
这班小喇嘛这么早起来

176
00:14:26,392 --> 00:14:28,628
为长辈奉茶 看起来很辛苦

177
00:14:28,628 --> 00:14:32,621
但是其实比做游牧民族舒服多了

178
00:14:45,245 --> 00:14:47,146
大金瓦殿是整座寺庙

179
00:14:47,146 --> 00:14:49,048
最宏伟的建筑物

180
00:14:49,048 --> 00:14:51,351
它在七世纪明朝时兴建

181
00:14:51,351 --> 00:14:54,254
屋顶由一百六十八枝梁木支撑

182
00:14:54,254 --> 00:14:58,247
挂有鲜艳的刺绣

183
00:15:01,160 --> 00:15:03,529
喇嘛称大殿为人间天堂

184
00:15:03,529 --> 00:15:07,522
每天都在这里诵经

185
00:15:08,334 --> 00:15:11,437
宗喀巴大师被视为文殊菩萨

186
00:15:11,437 --> 00:15:15,430
即智慧之佛的转世

187
00:15:16,276 --> 00:15:18,344
班禅喇嘛和达赖喇嘛

188
00:15:18,344 --> 00:15:21,180
是西藏佛教的最高领导人

189
00:15:21,180 --> 00:15:25,173
他们都是宗喀巴大师的入室弟子

190
00:15:37,430 --> 00:15:40,199
经过寒冷的三小时诵经后

191
00:15:40,199 --> 00:15:42,235
喇嘛回到自己的卧室

192
00:15:42,235 --> 00:15:45,405
各自读经 讨论和冥想

193
00:15:45,405 --> 00:15:47,607
同时亦要打理寺庙

194
00:15:47,607 --> 00:15:51,210
喇嘛其中一个重要教条是自给自足

195
00:15:51,210 --> 00:15:53,513
所以他们要轮流打扫庭园

196
00:15:53,513 --> 00:15:57,506
修葺寺庙 煮食和缝补衣服

197
00:16:04,257 --> 00:16:06,359
在塔尔寺总会有工作做

198
00:16:06,359 --> 00:16:08,194
例如打水泡茶

199
00:16:08,194 --> 00:16:11,698
以满足西藏人不断喝茶的需要

200
00:16:11,698 --> 00:16:14,300
这只是其中一项杂务

201
00:16:14,300 --> 00:16:18,293
这里的水比黄河的水清澈和干净

202
00:16:28,147 --> 00:16:29,716
这里另一项规条就是

203
00:16:29,716 --> 00:16:33,709
头发不可以长过手掌的厚度

204
00:16:39,392 --> 00:16:40,693
剃刀非常锋利

205
00:16:40,693 --> 00:16:44,686
所以要很信任理发师

206
00:16:47,633 --> 00:16:51,626
要剃到好像他这么干净

207
00:16:52,405 --> 00:16:56,398
还差一点

208
00:16:58,711 --> 00:17:01,581
年纪最小的喇嘛是禾舒

209
00:17:01,581 --> 00:17:03,149
他只有四岁

210
00:17:03,149 --> 00:17:06,285
三个月前 他离开黄河河畔的家人

211
00:17:06,285 --> 00:17:10,278
来当小喇嘛

212
00:17:12,291 --> 00:17:13,593
他还是一个小顽童

213
00:17:13,593 --> 00:17:17,586
以后的人生会在寺内当喇嘛

214
00:17:27,340 --> 00:17:29,375
全赖有西藏佛教出现

215
00:17:29,375 --> 00:17:32,278
很多佛教经文得以保存

216
00:17:32,278 --> 00:17:35,148
很多在印度失传或者被毁的经文

217
00:17:35,148 --> 00:17:39,141
都在十四世纪由西藏抄录

218
00:17:45,658 --> 00:17:47,427
过千的佛教经卷

219
00:17:47,427 --> 00:17:50,763
都在塔尔寺内印制成西藏译本

220
00:17:50,763 --> 00:17:52,632
大经堂里面的经卷

221
00:17:52,632 --> 00:17:56,369
很多未有流出过中国以外的地方

222
00:17:56,369 --> 00:17:59,605
所以其他佛教国家缅甸和泰国

223
00:17:59,605 --> 00:18:03,598
对印刷本需求很大

224
00:18:17,623 --> 00:18:19,158
经文恒久不变

225
00:18:19,158 --> 00:18:22,361
但是木板不断重复使用总有磨损

226
00:18:22,361 --> 00:18:24,597
所以经常要更新

227
00:18:24,597 --> 00:18:27,233
这个是最花心思的工序

228
00:18:27,233 --> 00:18:31,226
熟练的雕匠小心地刻上经文

229
00:18:46,319 --> 00:18:48,321
当中最熟练的雕匠

230
00:18:48,321 --> 00:18:49,755
足足用了十五年

231
00:18:49,755 --> 00:18:52,625
才能令技巧更臻完美

232
00:18:52,625 --> 00:18:55,328
好多雕匠都年事已高

233
00:18:55,328 --> 00:18:58,331
但是负责印刷那位就很年轻

234
00:18:58,331 --> 00:19:00,299
队员访问了一位喇嘛

235
00:19:00,299 --> 00:19:04,292
了解一下他们

236
00:19:07,607 --> 00:19:09,775
队员问他来了多久

237
00:19:09,775 --> 00:19:11,544
他说他当时十七岁

238
00:19:11,544 --> 00:19:15,537
现在已经二十四岁了

239
00:19:24,524 --> 00:19:27,827
队员问他最喜欢做哪样事情

240
00:19:27,827 --> 00:19:31,820
他说是印经文

241
00:19:35,735 --> 00:19:39,728
他也没想过转行做第二种工作

242
00:19:41,774 --> 00:19:45,767
他打算这一生都当喇嘛

243
00:19:57,523 --> 00:20:01,194
禾舒跟着老师一句一句地读经

244
00:20:01,194 --> 00:20:03,729
你是全西藏最伟大的老师

245
00:20:03,729 --> 00:20:07,722
宗喀巴大师我会一生追随你

246
00:20:16,542 --> 00:20:19,178
这段为歌颂创立者

247
00:20:19,178 --> 00:20:21,447
宗喀巴大师而特别写的

248
00:20:21,447 --> 00:20:25,440
是初加入的喇嘛第一首学习的经文

249
00:20:30,289 --> 00:20:32,625
利考老师以前是位歌手

250
00:20:32,625 --> 00:20:35,194
他放弃唱歌加入寺庙

251
00:20:35,194 --> 00:20:37,496
他和禾舒来自同一省份

252
00:20:37,496 --> 00:20:39,565
讲相同的方言

253
00:20:39,565 --> 00:20:41,767
每位喇嘛都获派一位老师

254
00:20:41,767 --> 00:20:44,503
帮助他们适应寺庙的规矩

255
00:20:44,503 --> 00:20:48,496
和教导他们学习经文

256
00:20:56,249 --> 00:20:59,385
西藏佛教强调学习的重要性

257
00:20:59,385 --> 00:21:03,378
西藏僧侣喇嘛 其实是老师的意思

258
00:21:05,291 --> 00:21:06,726
终于吃午饭了

259
00:21:06,726 --> 00:21:08,594
禾舒已经很熟练地

260
00:21:08,594 --> 00:21:12,587
将糌粑混酥油茶弄成一团饼

261
00:21:14,267 --> 00:21:17,536
每位喇嘛都要筹集自己的生活费

262
00:21:17,536 --> 00:21:19,472
利考的主要收入来源

263
00:21:19,472 --> 00:21:22,275
是来自参拜信众的香油钱

264
00:21:22,275 --> 00:21:24,710
和工作所赚取的工钱

265
00:21:24,710 --> 00:21:27,480
不过加起来都不够十元人民币

266
00:21:27,480 --> 00:21:29,782
如果不是他姐姐寄十元给他

267
00:21:29,782 --> 00:21:33,775
他就不能继续做下去

268
00:21:50,936 --> 00:21:53,939
喇嘛的生活除了冥想和诵经之外

269
00:21:53,939 --> 00:21:57,932
还不可以遗忘信仰

270
00:22:01,947 --> 00:22:03,983
利考也有自己的老师

271
00:22:03,983 --> 00:22:06,652
是一位年长的蒙古喇嘛

272
00:22:06,652 --> 00:22:10,645
他们在讨论佛祖得道后第一篇讲章

273
00:22:18,030 --> 00:22:20,766
老师说这课有三部份

274
00:22:20,766 --> 00:22:23,336
利考还有两课要上

275
00:22:23,336 --> 00:22:26,605
老师问利考佛祖得道前已经讲道

276
00:22:26,605 --> 00:22:30,598
那算不算同一篇讲章 利考答不算

277
00:22:31,711 --> 00:22:35,704
老师就说讲章是不是有四部份

278
00:22:36,048 --> 00:22:39,452
利考再答不算

279
00:22:39,452 --> 00:22:41,487
老师接着责备利考

280
00:22:41,487 --> 00:22:43,989
他说佛祖得道前已经讲学

281
00:22:43,989 --> 00:22:47,982
所以被视为是其中一部份

282
00:22:49,762 --> 00:22:51,097
老师也很狡猾

283
00:22:51,097 --> 00:22:52,798
他将不正确的讲法

284
00:22:52,798 --> 00:22:55,368
加入他的课题考利考

285
00:22:55,368 --> 00:22:57,336
看看他认识深不深

286
00:22:57,336 --> 00:22:59,672
和他的逻辑推理能力

287
00:22:59,672 --> 00:23:03,665
他每拍一下手掌都带出一个重点

288
00:23:04,977 --> 00:23:06,645
问答可以维持一日

289
00:23:06,645 --> 00:23:08,614
有时甚至通宵达旦

290
00:23:08,614 --> 00:23:12,607
无论多晚第二天都要一早起身诵经

291
00:23:17,823 --> 00:23:20,526
黄水蜿蜒流经塔尔寺

292
00:23:20,526 --> 00:23:22,528
它一直都是这个不毛之地

293
00:23:22,528 --> 00:23:25,498
某几个文化的重要命脉

294
00:23:25,498 --> 00:23:27,500
事实上史前时代

295
00:23:27,500 --> 00:23:29,435
它对中国文化的发展

296
00:23:29,435 --> 00:23:32,505
的确有重要影响

297
00:23:32,505 --> 00:23:35,040
约五千年前的新石器时代

298
00:23:35,040 --> 00:23:36,842
第一代黄河文化

299
00:23:36,842 --> 00:23:40,835
就是在黄河盆地出现

300
00:23:42,615 --> 00:23:45,951
半山 马厂 辛店等等文化

301
00:23:45,951 --> 00:23:49,188
无可避免地对塑造早期中国文化

302
00:23:49,188 --> 00:23:51,524
有间接重要影响

303
00:23:51,524 --> 00:23:53,959
但是对二十世纪西方人来说

304
00:23:53,959 --> 00:23:57,952
可能并不重要

305
00:24:00,132 --> 00:24:03,702
从这个可以远望黄水的陡峭山边

306
00:24:03,702 --> 00:24:05,704
考古学家发现了一个

307
00:24:05,704 --> 00:24:09,697
石器时代的遗址

308
00:24:22,721 --> 00:24:25,558
挖掘六年后 发现这些石块

309
00:24:25,558 --> 00:24:29,551
隐藏多个世纪的秘密

310
00:24:30,196 --> 00:24:32,565
这个是很重要的发现

311
00:24:32,565 --> 00:24:34,733
它是一个古代的墓地

312
00:24:34,733 --> 00:24:36,802
在一千七百个墓穴里面

313
00:24:36,802 --> 00:24:40,795
起出超过一万块上了釉料的陶瓷

314
00:24:41,106 --> 00:24:45,099
大部份保存良好

315
00:24:54,553 --> 00:24:57,590
陶瓷大部份是先进的几何图案

316
00:24:57,590 --> 00:25:00,593
好像锯齿 园形和漩涡

317
00:25:00,593 --> 00:25:03,262
它们都和仰韶文化有关

318
00:25:03,262 --> 00:25:07,099
仰韶人居住在离黄河中游以东

319
00:25:07,099 --> 00:25:08,701
一段距离的地方

320
00:25:08,701 --> 00:25:11,470
那儿是当时的文化中心

321
00:25:11,470 --> 00:25:13,272
仰韶文化的兴旺

322
00:25:13,272 --> 00:25:17,265
代表黄河早期人类的高峰

323
00:25:19,578 --> 00:25:21,614
最令考古学家兴奋的是

324
00:25:21,614 --> 00:25:23,782
原来离仰韶这么远的地方

325
00:25:23,782 --> 00:25:26,652
一样可以兴起另一种文化

326
00:25:26,652 --> 00:25:30,645
并且可以制成美丽而独特的艺术品

327
00:25:44,169 --> 00:25:47,273
黄水同时是两种佛教汇合地

328
00:25:47,273 --> 00:25:51,143
印度佛教经西藏渗入中国北部

329
00:25:51,143 --> 00:25:55,114
而中国东南部受大乘佛教影响

330
00:25:55,114 --> 00:25:58,651
到八世纪佛教教义引起争论

331
00:25:58,651 --> 00:26:02,644
最后西藏佛教压倒大乘佛教

332
00:26:08,093 --> 00:26:10,763
塔尔寺又开始新的一天

333
00:26:10,763 --> 00:26:14,756
喇嘛又要各自做好本份

334
00:26:16,068 --> 00:26:17,703
每个信众一生中

335
00:26:17,703 --> 00:26:21,696
都尽量会前来塔尔寺参拜一次

336
00:26:27,146 --> 00:26:31,139
西藏佛教除了是宗教还是生活模式

337
00:26:31,317 --> 00:26:34,320
西藏信徒是最热心的信众

338
00:26:34,320 --> 00:26:38,313
朝圣者向着壁画里描绘的神明诵经

339
00:26:40,593 --> 00:26:43,362
这是守护天葬过程的神明

340
00:26:43,362 --> 00:26:45,264
天葬又叫鸟葬

341
00:26:45,264 --> 00:26:48,634
兀鹰会吃死者肉身的躯壳

342
00:26:48,634 --> 00:26:50,669
藏传佛教徒相信

343
00:26:50,669 --> 00:26:54,607
亡魂跟着就会随着兀鹰上了天堂

344
00:26:54,607 --> 00:26:57,242
可怕的狮子看守着的画

345
00:26:57,242 --> 00:27:01,235
显示人生的六个阶段

346
00:27:09,355 --> 00:27:11,690
这幅画表达受永刑

347
00:27:11,690 --> 00:27:13,759
和地狱火烧的情形

348
00:27:13,759 --> 00:27:16,028
朝圣者诚惶诚恐地

349
00:27:16,028 --> 00:27:20,021
望着受永恒诅咒的痛苦结局

350
00:27:25,371 --> 00:27:27,373
审判日会决定一个人

351
00:27:27,373 --> 00:27:30,376
是不是值得再转世成为更好的人

352
00:27:30,376 --> 00:27:33,379
还是注定受地狱的永刑

353
00:27:33,379 --> 00:27:36,382
佛教的教导就是借着诵经的力量

354
00:27:36,382 --> 00:27:38,050
做正当的人

355
00:27:38,050 --> 00:27:42,043
那信徒下一世可以过得更好

356
00:27:48,727 --> 00:27:52,031
儿童从小已被灌输佛教教诲

357
00:27:52,031 --> 00:27:54,133
不过他们要经过指导

358
00:27:54,133 --> 00:27:56,869
才可以做出正确礼仪

359
00:27:56,869 --> 00:28:00,139
就算地下湿透或者布满泥泞

360
00:28:00,139 --> 00:28:04,132
西藏人亦不介意五体投地

361
00:28:10,849 --> 00:28:13,052
喇嘛特别而独有的黄帽

362
00:28:13,052 --> 00:28:16,755
和印第安马希坎人的帽很相似

363
00:28:16,755 --> 00:28:19,858
塔尔寺的教导分为四个部份

364
00:28:19,858 --> 00:28:23,851
实用佛法 密宗 天文学和医学

365
00:28:24,229 --> 00:28:26,665
就好像大学的学系似的

366
00:28:26,665 --> 00:28:30,658
初加入的喇嘛都获派研究其中之一

367
00:28:32,471 --> 00:28:36,141
实用佛法就将喇嘛分成十五个级别

368
00:28:36,141 --> 00:28:39,244
喇嘛要晋级就要和其他同级生

369
00:28:39,244 --> 00:28:41,380
展开激烈的辩论

370
00:28:41,380 --> 00:28:43,315
考试每年举行一次

371
00:28:43,315 --> 00:28:46,285
只有考第一的喇嘛才可以晋级

372
00:28:46,285 --> 00:28:48,153
就算最聪明的喇嘛

373
00:28:48,153 --> 00:28:50,255
至少要用十五年时间

374
00:28:50,255 --> 00:28:54,248
研究经卷和辩论才能毕业

375
00:29:08,207 --> 00:29:11,243
师傅辈连珠炮发问问题

376
00:29:11,243 --> 00:29:12,411
佛祖得道后

377
00:29:12,411 --> 00:29:15,347
思想的不洁是不是就消失了

378
00:29:15,347 --> 00:29:18,784
精神和思想的不洁是不是一样东西

379
00:29:18,784 --> 00:29:20,819
思想的不洁消失时

380
00:29:20,819 --> 00:29:24,812
精神会不会随之而消失

381
00:29:29,895 --> 00:29:33,888
剩下的就只有明净的精神

382
00:29:47,446 --> 00:29:50,415
辩论需要好多旁观者参与

383
00:29:50,415 --> 00:29:54,408
小喇嘛好奇地望着长辈讨论

384
00:30:00,292 --> 00:30:02,127
辩论内容非常仔细

385
00:30:02,127 --> 00:30:05,397
很多喇嘛难以长时间集中精神

386
00:30:05,397 --> 00:30:06,799
如果辩解不到

387
00:30:06,799 --> 00:30:09,468
别奢望同伴们会同情你

388
00:30:09,468 --> 00:30:11,570
他们会不留情地取笑

389
00:30:11,570 --> 00:30:15,563
但这亦是为了他好

390
00:30:24,783 --> 00:30:26,351
就算最勤奋的喇嘛

391
00:30:26,351 --> 00:30:30,344
都会有哑口无言的时候

392
00:30:43,302 --> 00:30:46,371
黄水位处海拔三千米的地方

393
00:30:46,371 --> 00:30:49,441
冬季气温低至摄氏零下二十度

394
00:30:49,441 --> 00:30:52,845
河道非常宽阔 不会整条河结冰

395
00:30:52,845 --> 00:30:56,838
只变成大片浮冰之间的小溪

396
00:31:25,077 --> 00:31:28,380
塔尔寺的螺旋塔和金顶有白雪点缀

397
00:31:28,380 --> 00:31:32,373
乍看好像童话故事的背景

398
00:31:34,219 --> 00:31:38,212
但如果雪在密集堆叠的瓦顶上溶化

399
00:31:38,624 --> 00:31:40,492
就会造成碎裂

400
00:31:40,492 --> 00:31:43,662
所以每一块瓦片 每一个角楼

401
00:31:43,662 --> 00:31:45,530
每一个精致的雕刻

402
00:31:45,530 --> 00:31:49,523
都要用人手清理上面的积雪

403
00:31:52,871 --> 00:31:55,040
隆冬的时候 白天的气温

404
00:31:55,040 --> 00:31:57,442
都不会超过零下十度

405
00:31:57,442 --> 00:31:58,610
但是所有喇嘛

406
00:31:58,610 --> 00:32:02,603
仍然要继续完成日常工作

407
00:32:03,482 --> 00:32:05,617
他们期待着佛教节期

408
00:32:05,617 --> 00:32:08,120
西藏人是沿用农历

409
00:32:08,120 --> 00:32:10,889
到农历新年大概二月中左右

410
00:32:10,889 --> 00:32:14,882
会举行特别的正月法会

411
00:32:20,532 --> 00:32:23,468
塔尔寺一年会举行四个法会

412
00:32:23,468 --> 00:32:25,237
大会举行前几天

413
00:32:25,237 --> 00:32:29,230
所有人都忙着做准备工作

414
00:32:29,341 --> 00:32:32,344
这个手工精细 栩栩如生的佛像

415
00:32:32,344 --> 00:32:36,337
竟然是用人手以酥油制成

416
00:32:36,415 --> 00:32:38,583
这个是松赞干布像

417
00:32:38,583 --> 00:32:42,087
正月法会上它最令人注目

418
00:32:42,087 --> 00:32:44,623
这个塑像征召了四十位喇嘛

419
00:32:44,623 --> 00:32:48,616
超过三个月才制造完成

420
00:32:50,128 --> 00:32:54,121
现在只欠最后修饰工序

421
00:32:56,468 --> 00:32:59,404
佛像是用加入了矿物颜料的

422
00:32:59,404 --> 00:33:03,397
酥油制造而成

423
00:33:12,217 --> 00:33:14,519
据说西藏的酥油雕塑

424
00:33:14,519 --> 00:33:16,321
是在七世纪出现

425
00:33:16,321 --> 00:33:20,314
唐朝文成公主下嫁西藏王松赞干布

426
00:33:20,625 --> 00:33:24,162
对西藏人来说是一个转捩点

427
00:33:24,162 --> 00:33:27,132
令西藏和中国的关系紧密了

428
00:33:27,132 --> 00:33:31,125
佛教亦因此传入西藏

429
00:33:31,236 --> 00:33:34,573
西藏人会献上由颜色酥油造的花

430
00:33:34,573 --> 00:33:38,176
以表示尊重和喜爱这对璧人

431
00:33:38,176 --> 00:33:40,145
这种传统民间手工艺

432
00:33:40,145 --> 00:33:44,138
充份表现出他们的简单和纯朴

433
00:33:46,018 --> 00:33:49,287
这尊佛像代表松赞干布

434
00:33:49,287 --> 00:33:51,590
西藏人相信这位大王本身

435
00:33:51,590 --> 00:33:55,583
亦是佛教神明的转世

436
00:33:56,395 --> 00:33:58,463
正月法会就举行

437
00:33:58,463 --> 00:34:00,599
附近的通道都挤满了人

438
00:34:00,599 --> 00:34:04,592
包括摆卖的商贩和购物的朝圣者

439
00:34:04,703 --> 00:34:07,239
虽然这个大会庄严肃穆

440
00:34:07,239 --> 00:34:09,307
但是也有轻松的场面

441
00:34:09,307 --> 00:34:13,300
人群的情绪高涨

442
00:34:15,280 --> 00:34:18,150
正月法会是一年一度的盛事

443
00:34:18,150 --> 00:34:22,143
朝圣者由青海甚至更远的地方前来

444
00:34:22,287 --> 00:34:26,058
有的来自超过二千公里外的内蒙古

445
00:34:26,058 --> 00:34:29,194
有的来自南方的四川和云南

446
00:34:29,194 --> 00:34:32,397
西藏人穿着七彩缤纷的民族服饰

447
00:34:32,397 --> 00:34:33,698
穿街过巷

448
00:34:33,698 --> 00:34:37,691
形成一幅活动的西藏生活彩图

449
00:34:47,345 --> 00:34:49,414
这个亦是喇嘛的家人

450
00:34:49,414 --> 00:34:52,350
可以探望自己多年没见的儿子

451
00:34:52,350 --> 00:34:56,343
或者兄弟的机会

452
00:34:57,222 --> 00:34:59,624
利考的家人在积雪的平原上

453
00:34:59,624 --> 00:35:03,361
走了两日来见他

454
00:35:03,361 --> 00:35:05,497
利考向家人介绍禾舒

455
00:35:05,497 --> 00:35:07,365
他一定是告诉家人

456
00:35:07,365 --> 00:35:11,358
他是个严厉的老师

457
00:35:29,554 --> 00:35:31,456
盛会将不同文化

458
00:35:31,456 --> 00:35:34,359
过去现在混合在一齐

459
00:35:34,359 --> 00:35:36,528
踩高跷是古老传统

460
00:35:36,528 --> 00:35:40,521
电话线就是现代的物件

461
00:35:41,533 --> 00:35:43,435
利考和他妈妈沉醉在

462
00:35:43,435 --> 00:35:47,428
好像嘉年华会这样的气氛中

463
00:35:57,549 --> 00:35:58,917
塔尔寺的另一角

464
00:35:58,917 --> 00:36:02,888
大家并没忘记这节期的宗教重要性

465
00:36:02,888 --> 00:36:05,490
朝圣者进入大殿参拜前

466
00:36:05,490 --> 00:36:09,483
会五体投地在结冰的地上膜拜

467
00:36:14,633 --> 00:36:18,236
这个家庭诵念着一篇古老经文

468
00:36:18,236 --> 00:36:21,673
意思是求神明怜悯他们

469
00:36:21,673 --> 00:36:25,666
希望来生进入佛祖净土

470
00:36:42,861 --> 00:36:46,264
佛教徒诵经时有时会五体投地

471
00:36:46,264 --> 00:36:48,233
有时低头诵念

472
00:36:48,233 --> 00:36:51,303
合十双手或者转动经轮

473
00:36:51,303 --> 00:36:53,872
每转动一次颜色鲜艳的经轮

474
00:36:53,872 --> 00:36:56,341
就等如念了一次经

475
00:36:56,341 --> 00:36:58,643
佛教徒相信诵经越多

476
00:36:58,643 --> 00:37:02,636
死后轮回就更好

477
00:37:03,448 --> 00:37:05,884
有朝圣者仍然在寺庙外

478
00:37:05,884 --> 00:37:09,877
行五体投地礼

479
00:37:15,627 --> 00:37:17,462
队员访问了一位婆婆

480
00:37:17,462 --> 00:37:21,455
问她为什么会来

481
00:37:24,436 --> 00:37:26,938
婆婆说她今年七十三岁

482
00:37:26,938 --> 00:37:28,306
没有亲戚朋友

483
00:37:28,306 --> 00:37:30,475
她知道自己年事已高

484
00:37:30,475 --> 00:37:34,346
来这里希望来生可以过得开心点

485
00:37:34,346 --> 00:37:38,316
所以就来参加塔尔寺的正月法会

486
00:37:38,316 --> 00:37:42,309
她觉得很开心

487
00:37:44,522 --> 00:37:46,258
婆婆要在户外劳动

488
00:37:46,258 --> 00:37:48,560
所以皮肤比较黝黑

489
00:37:48,560 --> 00:37:52,553
她这个简单愿望和其他信众很相似

490
00:37:57,002 --> 00:38:00,305
山上有一条全长八公里的小径

491
00:38:00,305 --> 00:38:01,973
绕着寺庙群

492
00:38:01,973 --> 00:38:04,376
由清晨开始就有朝圣者

493
00:38:04,376 --> 00:38:07,646
在这条小径上逆时针方向走

494
00:38:07,646 --> 00:38:10,282
那是因为藏传佛教的信念

495
00:38:10,282 --> 00:38:14,275
是寺庙一定要在信众的右手边

496
00:38:18,356 --> 00:38:20,058
很多家庭会走这条路

497
00:38:20,058 --> 00:38:23,662
最小的成员亦会在灰尘中五体投地

498
00:38:23,662 --> 00:38:27,655
诚心祷告

499
00:38:31,369 --> 00:38:35,006
朝圣者每行一步就五体投地一次

500
00:38:35,006 --> 00:38:38,999
累的时候就睡在路边

501
00:39:00,532 --> 00:39:02,967
对小朋友来说这只是假期

502
00:39:02,967 --> 00:39:04,569
到户外野餐

503
00:39:04,569 --> 00:39:07,072
在满天繁星下睡觉

504
00:39:07,072 --> 00:39:11,065
但是大人就很清楚此行的目的

505
00:39:27,359 --> 00:39:29,994
正月法会那天 太阳高挂

506
00:39:29,994 --> 00:39:33,398
有两只瞪羚被抬着在太阳照射到的

507
00:39:33,398 --> 00:39:37,391
金光闪闪的屋顶

508
00:39:39,471 --> 00:39:43,464
今日大殿里面诵经之声此起彼落

509
00:39:44,909 --> 00:39:48,546
正月法会除了庆贺新年伊始外

510
00:39:48,546 --> 00:39:52,539
还庆祝佛祖战胜邪灵 得道成圣

511
00:39:54,386 --> 00:39:57,589
朝圣者要为去年的罪孽悔过

512
00:39:57,589 --> 00:40:01,582
同时为来年祈求平安

513
00:40:02,727 --> 00:40:06,731
号角声回荡 表示上演另一场表演

514
00:40:06,731 --> 00:40:09,067
是一场可 怖的默剧

515
00:40:09,067 --> 00:40:13,060
内容是讲述永恒的正邪大斗法

516
00:40:30,688 --> 00:40:32,056
葬礼的守护神

517
00:40:32,056 --> 00:40:35,960
其他寺庙壁画上出现的神明和佛祖

518
00:40:35,960 --> 00:40:39,953
都一一活现眼前

519
00:40:46,771 --> 00:40:48,106
在这场舞蹈里

520
00:40:48,106 --> 00:40:50,642
一个用大麦面粉制成的假人

521
00:40:50,642 --> 00:40:52,944
放了在表演者中间

522
00:40:52,944 --> 00:40:56,937
代表正义力量必摧毁邪恶势力

523
00:41:01,453 --> 00:41:05,446
所有人都望着掌管阴间的阎魔

524
00:41:05,523 --> 00:41:07,058
他在庭园里出现

525
00:41:07,058 --> 00:41:11,051
代表正邪斗法不变的定律

526
00:41:13,064 --> 00:41:15,500
观众希望得到阎魔宽恕

527
00:41:15,500 --> 00:41:18,570
抛出称为卡达的特制布条

528
00:41:18,570 --> 00:41:21,573
恳求他清洗自己的罪孽

529
00:41:21,573 --> 00:41:23,641
舞蹈的节奏越来越快

530
00:41:23,641 --> 00:41:26,611
观众也越来越投入

531
00:41:26,611 --> 00:41:28,480
经过两小时表演

532
00:41:28,480 --> 00:41:31,483
舞蹈员刺中邪恶的假人

533
00:41:31,483 --> 00:41:35,476
世界再次变得和平

534
00:42:08,152 --> 00:42:11,055
朝圣者再一次献上卡达

535
00:42:11,055 --> 00:42:15,048
双手合十祈祷

536
00:42:19,564 --> 00:42:22,500
穿戴特别的喇嘛特地到庭园去

537
00:42:22,500 --> 00:42:24,135
为小朋友祝福

538
00:42:24,135 --> 00:42:26,504
新的一年 黄水河谷的人

539
00:42:26,504 --> 00:42:30,497
充满新希望

540
00:42:42,287 --> 00:42:46,024
庆典并未完结 事实上还未开始

541
00:42:46,024 --> 00:42:48,560
因为还要为纪念松赞干布的

542
00:42:48,560 --> 00:42:50,295
佛像揭幕

543
00:42:50,295 --> 00:42:52,196
佛像由几个喇嘛抬出

544
00:42:52,196 --> 00:42:56,189
放上高台以供膜拜

545
00:42:57,602 --> 00:43:00,038
用了好多精神制造佛像的喇嘛

546
00:43:00,038 --> 00:43:04,031
也亦步亦趋

547
00:43:12,984 --> 00:43:15,987
没人计算过佛像共用了多少酥油

548
00:43:15,987 --> 00:43:17,622
不过肯定不少

549
00:43:17,622 --> 00:43:19,591
几个喇嘛需要出尽力

550
00:43:19,591 --> 00:43:23,584
才可以将佛像放在适当位置

551
00:43:32,036 --> 00:43:34,672
虽然佛像用了很多心血制成

552
00:43:34,672 --> 00:43:37,275
但是只会公开摆放一晚

553
00:43:37,275 --> 00:43:39,978
跟着会将它拆开

554
00:43:39,978 --> 00:43:43,971
再移师到寺庙的内园

555
00:43:49,687 --> 00:43:52,757
这尊佛像终于可以向众人展示

556
00:43:52,757 --> 00:43:56,750
它的荣美

557
00:44:09,307 --> 00:44:11,943
佛像用了超过三个月造成

558
00:44:11,943 --> 00:44:14,345
又用了三小时摆好

559
00:44:14,345 --> 00:44:18,049
整尊佛像共有三十个小佛像

560
00:44:18,049 --> 00:44:20,051
中间一个大佛像

561
00:44:20,051 --> 00:44:22,954
酥油造的面容光滑无瑕

562
00:44:22,954 --> 00:44:26,424
它微微低头望着众生膜拜

563
00:44:26,424 --> 00:44:29,027
佛像面上的胡须 王冠

564
00:44:29,027 --> 00:44:30,294
还有菊花环

565
00:44:30,294 --> 00:44:34,287
一切都造得精致完美

566
00:44:36,267 --> 00:44:37,635
夜晚六点左右

567
00:44:37,635 --> 00:44:40,705
佛像被朝圣者团团围住

568
00:44:40,705 --> 00:44:43,708
那么多人聚集在室内又闷又热

569
00:44:43,708 --> 00:44:47,701
唯一担心的是佛像会溶化

570
00:44:55,286 --> 00:44:57,388
佛像周围刻有文成公主

571
00:44:57,388 --> 00:45:01,381
下嫁西藏王的事迹

572
00:45:11,302 --> 00:45:13,738
文成公主和陪嫁队伍

573
00:45:13,738 --> 00:45:16,207
走过崎岖的地域而来

574
00:45:16,207 --> 00:45:20,200
而松赞干布王等着迎接她

575
00:45:21,479 --> 00:45:23,314
文成公主本来以为

576
00:45:23,314 --> 00:45:26,017
下嫁不毛之地的野蛮人

577
00:45:26,017 --> 00:45:30,010
结果被西藏人率直热情的个性吸引

578
00:45:32,457 --> 00:45:35,259
西藏人没有忘记这段姻缘

579
00:45:35,259 --> 00:45:37,762
对国家和文化造成的影响

580
00:45:37,762 --> 00:45:40,932
它令唐朝和西藏化敌为友

581
00:45:40,932 --> 00:45:42,100
更重要的

582
00:45:42,100 --> 00:45:46,093
是将佛教传入这个偏远的山区

583
00:45:48,506 --> 00:45:52,499
信众欣赏这人工造出来的宏伟佛像

584
00:45:52,710 --> 00:45:55,179
好多都低头以表尊重

585
00:45:55,179 --> 00:45:59,172
有的就在栏杆绑上布条

586
00:46:01,786 --> 00:46:03,254
正月法会期间

587
00:46:03,254 --> 00:46:06,224
一共有六万名信徒来朝圣

588
00:46:06,224 --> 00:46:10,027
大家都要一睹酥油佛像才肯回家

589
00:46:10,027 --> 00:46:14,020
大殿整晚都挤满了人

590
00:46:26,344 --> 00:46:29,147
第二天清早有雀鸟唱歌

591
00:46:29,147 --> 00:46:31,415
微红的阳光映照着

592
00:46:31,415 --> 00:46:35,408
仍在山路上行五体投地礼的朝圣者

593
00:46:45,363 --> 00:46:47,031
在塔尔寺大殿

594
00:46:47,031 --> 00:46:50,268
所有喇嘛已经回复诵经的生活

595
00:46:50,268 --> 00:46:52,770
红袍喇嘛在寒冬的早上

596
00:46:52,770 --> 00:46:56,763
靠在一起 投入地诵经

597
00:47:15,393 --> 00:47:17,094
过去五千年来

598
00:47:17,094 --> 00:47:19,263
黄河的支流黄水

599
00:47:19,263 --> 00:47:22,066
成为中国汉族和西藏

600
00:47:22,066 --> 00:47:24,535
这两个文化的大熔炉

601
00:47:24,535 --> 00:47:25,970
新年伊始

602
00:47:25,970 --> 00:47:29,963
相信这个情况会延续下去