1
00:02:01,087 --> 00:02:03,885
眼前所见这一片广阔无垠的土地


2
00:02:04,524 --> 00:02:06,048
就是哈萨克共和国


3
00:02:06,593 --> 00:02:08,993
这里是丝绸之路的其中一段


4
00:02:09,662 --> 00:02:11,220
称为大草原之路


5
00:02:12,031 --> 00:02:13,623
是天山北路的延伸


6
00:02:14,267 --> 00:02:15,825
哈萨克幅员辽阔


7
00:02:16,336 --> 00:02:18,634
面积达到四千平方公里


8
00:02:19,706 --> 00:02:21,367
东面与中国接壤


9
00:02:22,075 --> 00:02:24,635
西面越过咸海直达里海


10
00:02:25,612 --> 00:02:28,308
它的面积只比印度略小


11
00:02:29,549 --> 00:02:30,413
哈萨克的北部


12
00:02:30,917 --> 00:02:33,818
是现今俄罗斯极之重要的农业区


13
00:02:34,487 --> 00:02:35,044
至于南部


14
00:02:35,388 --> 00:02:37,413
就依然保留着昔日丝绸之路


15
00:02:38,091 --> 00:02:39,854
全盛时期的风貌


16
00:03:12,192 --> 00:03:14,160
摄制队在哈萨克大草原


17
00:03:14,627 --> 00:03:16,185
遇上很特别的骆驼群


18
00:03:17,063 --> 00:03:18,496
这群在远处的骆驼


19
00:03:19,032 --> 00:03:21,626
为数大约有两百头 由牧人驱赶


20
00:03:22,335 --> 00:03:23,302
这群骆驼


21
00:03:23,603 --> 00:03:25,798
与摄制队以前见过的很不同


22
00:03:45,258 --> 00:03:46,850
它们有一半是单峰骆驼


23
00:03:47,427 --> 00:03:49,156
另一半是双峰骆驼


24
00:04:08,014 --> 00:04:10,278
摄制队见到年幼的单峰骆驼


25
00:04:10,950 --> 00:04:12,247
喝双峰骆驼的奶


26
00:04:12,919 --> 00:04:13,749
他们后来才知道


27
00:04:14,087 --> 00:04:15,952
原来这对骆驼是母子


28
00:04:34,907 --> 00:04:37,876
双峰骆驼又叫巴克特里亚骆驼


29
00:04:38,678 --> 00:04:40,475
原产自中国和蒙古平原


30
00:04:41,314 --> 00:04:43,373
单峰骆驼又叫阿拉伯骆驼


31
00:04:44,050 --> 00:04:46,382
原产于波斯和阿拉伯沙漠


32
00:04:47,420 --> 00:04:48,182
这里可以称得上


33
00:04:48,521 --> 00:04:50,512
是东西方骆驼的汇聚地


34
00:05:04,971 --> 00:05:06,598
骆驼牧人叫巴特诺夫


35
00:05:07,206 --> 00:05:09,936
他对摄制队说 这两种骆驼在古时


36
00:05:10,576 --> 00:05:11,770
已经开始一起生活


37
00:05:12,645 --> 00:05:15,478
巴特诺夫还说 双峰骆驼产于东方


38
00:05:16,282 --> 00:05:17,544
比较适合走山路


39
00:05:18,217 --> 00:05:20,378
至于单峰骆驼就适合走沙漠


40
00:05:21,187 --> 00:05:23,121
它们不适应东方寒冷的气候


41
00:05:48,081 --> 00:05:50,345
两种骆驼各有其长短优劣


42
00:05:51,284 --> 00:05:53,343
巴特诺夫指出 现在牧民养骆驼


43
00:05:54,020 --> 00:05:55,453
是为了它们的奶和肉


44
00:06:23,249 --> 00:06:24,682
摄制队试饮骆驼奶


45
00:06:36,195 --> 00:06:37,719
奶酸酸的 味道不错


46
00:06:38,231 --> 00:06:39,255
有点像酸乳酪


47
00:07:00,920 --> 00:07:03,047
骆驼奶营养丰富 喝过骆驼奶


48
00:07:03,556 --> 00:07:05,615
就有足够的力气走余下的路程


49
00:07:36,088 --> 00:07:37,555
摄制队一直向西走


50
00:07:38,424 --> 00:07:40,449
左边的天山山脉连绵不断


51
00:07:41,227 --> 00:07:42,489
陪着摄制队上路


52
00:07:42,995 --> 00:07:44,019
摄制队走的这条路


53
00:07:44,363 --> 00:07:46,354
古时有很多英勇战士走过


54
00:07:47,366 --> 00:07:48,663
发生过多场战争


55
00:07:49,602 --> 00:07:50,728
摄制队即将去到


56
00:07:51,204 --> 00:07:52,796
这条路上最著名的战场


57
00:07:53,506 --> 00:07:55,098
塔拉斯河谷古战场


58
00:07:56,242 --> 00:07:57,004
公元751年


59
00:07:57,343 --> 00:08:00,141
大唐的军队试图征服中亚地区


60
00:08:01,147 --> 00:08:04,241
在此与西方的阿拉伯军队兵戎相见


61
00:08:32,645 --> 00:08:33,236
根据记载


62
00:08:33,546 --> 00:08:36,515
当年大唐将领高仙芝领兵五万


63
00:08:37,316 --> 00:08:39,580
翻越天山 远征中亚地区


64
00:08:40,453 --> 00:08:42,683
他们与实力旗鼓相当的阿拉伯军


65
00:08:43,356 --> 00:08:45,290
短兵相接 战况惨烈


66
00:08:46,225 --> 00:08:47,522
双方血战五日


67
00:08:48,327 --> 00:08:49,294
据史书记载


68
00:08:49,595 --> 00:08:52,086
高仙芝大军被敌人打至落花流水


69
00:08:53,065 --> 00:08:55,397
五万大军最后只剩数千人


70
00:08:56,502 --> 00:08:57,730
大唐远征中亚失利


71
00:08:58,204 --> 00:09:00,695
正式终止中国对西域的控制权


72
00:09:02,074 --> 00:09:03,598
伊斯兰教乘虚而入


73
00:09:04,277 --> 00:09:04,902
时至今日


74
00:09:05,211 --> 00:09:07,975
伊斯兰教依然是中亚最重要的宗教


75
00:09:25,197 --> 00:09:26,858
这条是塔拉斯河


76
00:09:27,366 --> 00:09:28,993
河水主要作为灌溉之用


77
00:09:30,069 --> 00:09:32,469
这里一片宁静 仿似世外桃源


78
00:10:06,339 --> 00:10:09,137
古城恒逻斯 即现在的江布尔市


79
00:10:10,409 --> 00:10:13,606
以前这里是个商旅城市 繁荣兴盛


80
00:10:14,447 --> 00:10:16,711
是东西方文化的交汇点


81
00:10:17,516 --> 00:10:20,485
玄奘在塔拉斯之役爆发前120年


82
00:10:21,320 --> 00:10:22,446
经过恒逻斯


83
00:10:23,255 --> 00:10:24,552
他形容这个城市为


84
00:10:25,057 --> 00:10:26,718
从恒逻斯城堡起


85
00:10:27,259 --> 00:10:30,126
方圆八至九里内都有商人居住


86
00:10:31,163 --> 00:10:32,596
他们来自多个国家


87
00:11:02,328 --> 00:11:04,728
塔拉斯曾经受阿拉伯人统治


88
00:11:05,398 --> 00:11:07,559
在十至十三世纪繁华鼎盛


89
00:11:08,534 --> 00:11:10,525
兴建了很多伊斯兰教建筑物


90
00:11:11,504 --> 00:11:14,064
到了1213年 蒙古大军进侵


91
00:11:14,940 --> 00:11:17,374
塔拉斯变成颓垣败瓦


92
00:11:18,377 --> 00:11:19,776
这座十一世纪的陵墓


93
00:11:20,279 --> 00:11:21,769
是唯一留下的建筑


94
00:11:22,581 --> 00:11:25,015
印证了塔拉斯昔日光辉的历史


95
00:11:47,440 --> 00:11:48,202
塔拉斯之役


96
00:11:48,507 --> 00:11:51,169
在丝路历史上留下了无数印记


97
00:11:52,445 --> 00:11:54,174
被阿拉伯军俘虏的中国人


98
00:11:54,880 --> 00:11:57,314
把造纸术传给伊斯兰教徒


99
00:11:58,284 --> 00:11:59,410
这种神奇的技术


100
00:11:59,919 --> 00:12:02,012
再辗转传去遥远的欧洲


101
00:12:03,122 --> 00:12:03,986
纸张的出现


102
00:12:04,323 --> 00:12:06,689
彻底改变了西方的文明进程


103
00:12:07,593 --> 00:12:11,495
所以中亚小城恒逻斯虽然规模细小


104
00:12:12,465 --> 00:12:15,229
但是在历史上就举足轻重


105
00:12:22,074 --> 00:12:24,304
塔什干是中亚最大的城市


106
00:12:25,010 --> 00:12:27,501
亦是对古代商旅极之重要的绿洲


107
00:12:28,714 --> 00:12:30,875
塔什干古时称为石城


108
00:12:31,550 --> 00:12:33,814
顾名思义 是石头城市


109
00:12:38,958 --> 00:12:40,858
今日的塔什干十分现代化


110
00:12:41,660 --> 00:12:43,491
是乌兹别克共和国的首府


111
00:12:44,396 --> 00:12:46,125
亦是政治与经济的中心


112
00:12:47,299 --> 00:12:49,392
这里亦是中亚及哈萨克区域


113
00:12:50,035 --> 00:12:52,503
穆斯林宗教中心的所在地


114
00:12:53,339 --> 00:12:55,204
指导中亚所有伊斯兰学校


115
00:12:55,875 --> 00:12:57,843
与清真寺的一切活动


116
00:13:31,577 --> 00:13:34,478
提拉教长寺是中亚伊斯兰教的中心


117
00:13:35,514 --> 00:13:38,210
每逢星期五下午 教徒一听到呼召


118
00:13:39,084 --> 00:13:41,609
就成千上万的来到清真寺祈祷


119
00:13:42,721 --> 00:13:43,949
这个与教徒握手的人


120
00:13:44,456 --> 00:13:46,549
是这间清真寺的最高领袖


121
00:13:47,459 --> 00:13:49,927
沙萨丁悉尤丁伊珊巴巴罕


122
00:13:51,096 --> 00:13:52,393
他和每个教徒说话


123
00:13:52,665 --> 00:13:54,189
又按教徒的胸口


124
00:13:54,934 --> 00:13:56,595
他与他们分享信仰


125
00:14:32,304 --> 00:14:32,963
每个星期五


126
00:14:33,272 --> 00:14:35,536
都有两千多人来这间清真寺祈祷


127
00:14:51,223 --> 00:14:53,384
摄制队留意到提拉教长寺


128
00:14:54,093 --> 00:14:55,651
与他们去过的很多清真寺


129
00:14:56,128 --> 00:14:57,459
有一个很大的分别


130
00:14:58,230 --> 00:15:00,095
有女人在这间清真寺祈祷


131
00:15:00,966 --> 00:15:02,490
摄制队去过的清真寺


132
00:15:02,968 --> 00:15:04,265
都严禁女人进入


133
00:15:05,137 --> 00:15:06,968
女人只可以在寺外祈祷


134
00:15:07,506 --> 00:15:10,339
但是提拉教长寺就设有女人祈祷室


135
00:15:11,977 --> 00:15:13,842
女性可以在这里自由敬拜


136
00:15:30,362 --> 00:15:31,624
现在伊斯兰国家


137
00:15:32,131 --> 00:15:34,725
有很多清真寺都设有女性祈祷室


138
00:15:54,253 --> 00:15:56,153
伊斯兰教在中亚的全盛期


139
00:15:56,588 --> 00:15:59,216
是十四世纪 是帖木儿皇朝期间


140
00:16:00,426 --> 00:16:01,085
自此之后


141
00:16:01,460 --> 00:16:03,428
伊斯兰教徒面对很多困难


142
00:16:16,408 --> 00:16:18,308
1917年爆发共产革命


143
00:16:19,111 --> 00:16:20,100
苏联正式成立


144
00:16:20,646 --> 00:16:23,080
政府马上实行政治宗教分家


145
00:16:24,316 --> 00:16:25,180
在这个政策之下


146
00:16:25,451 --> 00:16:28,477
清真寺的领袖不再是政治发言人


147
00:16:29,888 --> 00:16:31,879
这项措施对清真寺的财政


148
00:16:32,324 --> 00:16:33,814
造成极大打击


149
00:16:34,693 --> 00:16:36,661
大批伊斯兰教徒反对改革


150
00:16:37,329 --> 00:16:39,854
政府指这班教徒是反动分子


151
00:16:40,532 --> 00:16:42,056
对他们施以严惩


152
00:16:43,102 --> 00:16:45,832
岁月流逝 动荡不安逐渐淡化


153
00:16:46,672 --> 00:16:49,436
伊斯兰教徒又可以自由敬拜神只


154
00:17:21,140 --> 00:17:23,438
在附近城市土耳其斯坦的外围


155
00:17:24,109 --> 00:17:25,838
有一所外型美观的建筑物


156
00:17:26,912 --> 00:17:28,777
它是中亚伊斯兰教的象征


157
00:17:29,515 --> 00:17:31,779
霍奇阿富默德耶沙贝寺


158
00:17:33,252 --> 00:17:35,220
这间清真寺高三十七米


159
00:17:35,921 --> 00:17:37,616
里面有三十五个房间


160
00:17:38,123 --> 00:17:39,249
是帖木儿帝国


161
00:17:39,625 --> 00:17:41,718
兴建的最后一所清真寺


162
00:17:42,628 --> 00:17:45,392
被誉为十四世纪最伟大的建筑物


163
00:18:15,494 --> 00:18:17,052
帖木儿兴建的一大特色


164
00:18:17,563 --> 00:18:19,326
是用大量蓝色瓷瓦


165
00:18:20,199 --> 00:18:22,929
当代人说 这些瓷瓦比蓝天还要蓝


166
00:18:24,002 --> 00:18:25,731
是游牧民族灵魂的色彩


167
00:18:53,165 --> 00:18:58,690
这所清真寺由帖木儿大帝兴建
目的是讨好活跃于附近一带的

168
00:18:59,238 --> 00:19:01,138
游牧民族基普查克人


169
00:19:02,307 --> 00:19:04,639
当时帖木儿计划攻打大唐


170
00:19:05,344 --> 00:19:08,643
需要骁勇善战的基普查克人帮助


171
00:19:17,122 --> 00:19:18,589
这里是土耳其斯坦


172
00:19:25,998 --> 00:19:26,657
土耳其斯坦


173
00:19:27,065 --> 00:19:29,329
是哈萨克境内最古老的城市


174
00:19:30,435 --> 00:19:32,835
目前这个城大约有七万人口


175
00:19:33,705 --> 00:19:36,105
每个星期日早上 这里都很热闹


176
00:19:51,156 --> 00:19:51,679
每个星期日


177
00:19:52,057 --> 00:19:54,491
这里的地毡市集都会人山人海


178
00:19:55,427 --> 00:19:57,657
这个传统至少有一千年历史


179
00:20:15,247 --> 00:20:16,874
商贩早上六点开档


180
00:20:17,416 --> 00:20:19,850
市集最多人的时候有六千人往来


181
00:20:36,101 --> 00:20:37,295
织在地毡上的图案


182
00:20:37,669 --> 00:20:40,502
多数是牲畜的角和草原的花朵


183
00:20:41,673 --> 00:20:44,403
牲畜与游牧民族的传统息息相关


184
00:20:45,510 --> 00:20:47,705
至于花朵就是代表当地人


185
00:21:12,104 --> 00:21:14,834
地毡是草原居民的生活必需品


186
00:21:15,641 --> 00:21:16,767
并非奢侈品


187
00:21:17,609 --> 00:21:19,236
地毡可以保护居民


188
00:21:19,678 --> 00:21:21,305
免受有毒的动物伤害


189
00:21:22,180 --> 00:21:24,740
例如蝎子、蛇和蜘蛛等等


190
00:21:26,218 --> 00:21:28,482
可能是羊毛的气味可以驱赶毒物


191
00:22:11,163 --> 00:22:13,131
讲价是在地毡市集做买卖


192
00:22:13,598 --> 00:22:14,656
非常重要的一环


193
00:22:15,500 --> 00:22:18,469
至于讲价的秘诀 就是不要怕卖家


194
00:22:19,571 --> 00:22:21,766
摄制队还要在草原走很远的路


195
00:22:22,574 --> 00:22:24,633
所以他们很需要有地毡保护


196
00:22:25,477 --> 00:22:27,138
免受有毒的动物伤害


197
00:22:41,159 --> 00:22:42,490
摄制队开始讲价


198
00:22:43,095 --> 00:22:44,722
卖家出价四百卢布


199
00:22:45,430 --> 00:22:46,397
卖地毡的女人说


200
00:22:46,865 --> 00:22:49,493
这张地毡是她丈夫、女儿、女婿


201
00:22:50,202 --> 00:22:51,191
与女婿的妹妹


202
00:22:51,503 --> 00:22:53,198
用了三十天时间织成


203
00:22:54,039 --> 00:22:55,870
总共用了十五公斤羊毛


204
00:22:56,641 --> 00:22:57,938
而且染料很贵


205
00:22:58,477 --> 00:23:01,105
所以一定要卖四百卢布 不会减价


206
00:23:02,614 --> 00:23:04,639
摄制队还价三百五十卢布


207
00:23:05,584 --> 00:23:07,609
最后以三百卢布成交


208
00:23:27,472 --> 00:23:29,633
市集的人说这个价钱很便宜


209
00:23:51,196 --> 00:23:54,660
除了地毡之外
市集还有其他货品卖

210
00:23:54,966 --> 00:23:57,491
好像时令蔬果、衣物、首饰


211
00:23:58,270 --> 00:24:00,397
甚至水龙头一类日常用品


212
00:24:08,180 --> 00:24:09,408
还有画上传统图案


213
00:24:09,915 --> 00:24:11,780
手工精致的婴儿床


214
00:24:30,302 --> 00:24:32,770
摄制队发现
这些婴儿床摇的方向

215
00:24:33,438 --> 00:24:35,099
与一般婴儿床很不同


216
00:24:50,121 --> 00:24:52,817
床上还开了个洞 用来装便盆


217
00:25:26,324 --> 00:25:27,120
在市集走一趟


218
00:25:27,459 --> 00:25:30,053
就看到土耳其斯坦居民的生活方式


219
00:25:35,600 --> 00:25:36,999
参观过香料摊档


220
00:25:37,536 --> 00:25:40,061
摄制队对土耳其斯坦的婴儿床


221
00:25:40,939 --> 00:25:42,236
就多了一重认识


222
00:26:06,131 --> 00:26:08,565
把这支管的一端插入婴儿体内


223
00:26:09,267 --> 00:26:11,633
婴儿撒尿就不怕把床弄湿


224
00:26:27,185 --> 00:26:28,015
卖香料的女人


225
00:26:28,320 --> 00:26:30,220
详细讲解怎样用这支管


226
00:26:31,489 --> 00:26:33,514
把这一端插入婴儿体内


227
00:26:34,225 --> 00:26:35,715
另一端插入便盆


228
00:26:48,306 --> 00:26:50,433
这个一看就知道是男婴用的


229
00:26:51,309 --> 00:26:52,640
有些是女婴用的


230
00:27:03,154 --> 00:27:05,645
她说这些管可以代替尿布


231
00:27:06,324 --> 00:27:07,848
因为这里的水很珍贵


232
00:27:08,460 --> 00:27:10,485
不应该浪费水来洗尿布


233
00:27:21,072 --> 00:27:22,767
草原居民的智慧与创意


234
00:27:23,475 --> 00:27:25,102
在这个市集表露无遗


235
00:28:06,551 --> 00:28:09,679
来到哈萨克大草原边缘
锡尔河沿岸

236
00:28:10,155 --> 00:28:14,013
有一个古城遗迹
这个古城叫讹答剌

237
00:28:15,393 --> 00:28:19,587
这里发生过一件称为
讹答剌事件的历史大事

238
00:28:20,498 --> 00:28:25,192
正因为这件事触发起
成吉思汗领军攻打中亚

239
00:28:26,471 --> 00:28:28,132
事件发生于1218年


240
00:28:29,074 --> 00:28:34,372
当时讹答剌是古国花剌子模
东部的一个前哨基地

241
00:28:43,188 --> 00:28:43,779
当年


242
00:28:44,122 --> 00:28:46,386
由成吉思汗派出的四百五十名商人


243
00:28:46,991 --> 00:28:47,980
来到讹答剌


244
00:28:48,893 --> 00:28:50,690
他们带着五百匹马和骆驼


245
00:28:51,162 --> 00:28:54,757
手上还有无数金银珠宝、麝香布帛


246
00:28:55,667 --> 00:28:57,726
以及大量其他的奇珍异宝


247
00:28:58,503 --> 00:29:01,495
讹答剌城主伊那尔支克见利起心


248
00:29:02,373 --> 00:29:03,533
想侵吞财宝


249
00:29:04,075 --> 00:29:06,771
他杀死商人 把财宝据为己有


250
00:29:08,046 --> 00:29:10,207
消息很传到成吉思汗耳中


251
00:29:11,416 --> 00:29:13,281
这位蒙古大帝龙颜大怒


252
00:29:14,052 --> 00:29:17,215
于是立刻召集十万大军讨伐中亚


253
00:29:18,957 --> 00:29:21,425
在讹答剌古城进行的考古工作


254
00:29:22,060 --> 00:29:23,823
由哈萨克科学院负责


255
00:29:48,620 --> 00:29:51,088
在游牧民族基普查克的语言中


256
00:29:51,990 --> 00:29:54,891
讹答剌的意思是非游牧民族的地方


257
00:29:56,161 --> 00:29:57,560
如此看来 这个古城


258
00:29:58,062 --> 00:30:00,622
当时一定是东西方的贸易重镇


259
00:30:01,933 --> 00:30:02,763
讹答剌的工匠


260
00:30:03,067 --> 00:30:06,400
以雕塑几何图案与花纹浮雕驰名


261
00:30:25,089 --> 00:30:26,920
工匠在一个转盘上陶泥


262
00:30:27,458 --> 00:30:30,859
然后把制成品放进这种窑里烧


263
00:30:51,349 --> 00:30:52,941
房屋的中央有一个炉


264
00:30:53,518 --> 00:30:56,453
除了用作日常煮食和烤焗食物之外


265
00:30:57,422 --> 00:30:58,946
冬天还可以做暖炉


266
00:31:04,262 --> 00:31:06,662
考古挖掘工作已经进行了三年


267
00:31:07,699 --> 00:31:10,327
工作人员在这个光秃秃的山丘上


268
00:31:11,169 --> 00:31:13,535
发现古代民族的丰富遗产


269
00:31:41,299 --> 00:31:43,859
最受工匠欢迎的题材当然是骆驼


270
00:31:54,245 --> 00:31:55,303
摄制队再次发现


271
00:31:55,680 --> 00:31:58,513
丝绸之路把中国文化传遍各方


272
00:32:00,051 --> 00:32:01,643
这个十四世纪的玉扣


273
00:32:02,186 --> 00:32:03,744
是用中国白玉雕成


274
00:32:22,240 --> 00:32:24,640
成吉思汗大军一来到讹答剌


275
00:32:25,310 --> 00:32:26,106
就马上屠城


276
00:32:26,911 --> 00:32:28,640
他们杀死所有军人和平民


277
00:32:29,147 --> 00:32:30,205
只留下工匠


278
00:32:36,988 --> 00:32:39,650
成吉思汗为杀死蒙古商旅的城主


279
00:32:40,391 --> 00:32:42,586
伊那尔支克安排特别刑罚


280
00:32:43,628 --> 00:32:46,426
把烧熔的银灌入他的眼耳


281
00:32:47,432 --> 00:32:48,057
由此可见


282
00:32:48,366 --> 00:32:50,630
成吉思汗当时是多么愤怒


283
00:32:58,242 --> 00:32:59,300
攻陷讹答剌之后


284
00:32:59,644 --> 00:33:02,477
成吉思汗继续西进 打败波斯


285
00:33:03,514 --> 00:33:04,981
然后一直打到欧洲


286
00:33:05,616 --> 00:33:08,676
建立人类有史以来版图最大的帝国


287
00:33:19,063 --> 00:33:19,859
讹答剌的寿命


288
00:33:20,231 --> 00:33:22,597
并没有因为成吉思汗入侵而告终


289
00:33:24,068 --> 00:33:24,898
1405年


290
00:33:25,236 --> 00:33:28,103
大草原帝皇兼一代武夫帖木儿


291
00:33:28,973 --> 00:33:31,669
在出兵攻打中国期间突然死去


292
00:33:32,577 --> 00:33:34,977
当这两名军事强人都死去之后


293
00:33:35,680 --> 00:33:38,308
讹答剌才正式于历史中消失


294
00:33:52,063 --> 00:33:54,395
锡尔河是中亚第一大河流


295
00:33:55,400 --> 00:33:57,527
这条河的发源地是天山山脉


296
00:33:58,669 --> 00:34:01,797
全长三千公里 流经咸海西北方


297
00:34:11,182 --> 00:34:12,274
锡尔河的表面面积


298
00:34:12,583 --> 00:34:14,813
有四十六万平方公里


299
00:34:15,453 --> 00:34:17,478
比整个日本列岛还要大


300
00:34:18,189 --> 00:34:21,181
越过锡尔河 就是克孜勒库姆沙漠


301
00:35:23,521 --> 00:35:24,351
克孜勒库姆


302
00:35:24,889 --> 00:35:27,187
在土耳其文当中解为红色沙漠


303
00:35:28,192 --> 00:35:29,352
这里非常酷热


304
00:35:30,261 --> 00:35:31,057
在沙漠以西


305
00:35:31,362 --> 00:35:34,058
另外一条大河阿姆河流入咸海


306
00:35:35,633 --> 00:35:38,466
五十年前 古国科勒字弥的遗迹


307
00:35:39,303 --> 00:35:40,861
在阿姆河附近出土


308
00:35:53,317 --> 00:35:54,181
摄制队在六月


309
00:35:54,552 --> 00:35:56,076
即全年最热的时分之前


310
00:35:56,621 --> 00:35:57,986
来到克孜勒库姆


311
00:35:59,123 --> 00:36:00,112
虽然未到盛夏


312
00:36:00,424 --> 00:36:02,915
但气温已经超过摄氏四十度


313
00:36:04,095 --> 00:36:06,154
沙地的温度更高达六十度


314
00:36:07,565 --> 00:36:08,259
这种沙漠植物


315
00:36:08,599 --> 00:36:12,126
在黄褐色的广阔沙漠上零星的生长


316
00:36:13,437 --> 00:36:14,802
点缀干旱的土地


317
00:36:42,400 --> 00:36:43,765
摄制队横越沙漠之前


318
00:36:44,302 --> 00:36:47,294
见到远处有一个人只身走近


319
00:37:01,118 --> 00:37:02,881
他手上好像拿着一些东西


320
00:37:03,387 --> 00:37:04,649
可能是一只鸟


321
00:37:23,007 --> 00:37:25,532
摄制队的向导说这个是猎鹰人


322
00:37:40,191 --> 00:37:41,556
猎鹰人刚打完猎


323
00:37:42,226 --> 00:37:43,693
不过他今天空手而回


324
00:37:44,428 --> 00:37:46,259
其实他已经很久都没有收获


325
00:38:10,121 --> 00:38:12,180
平时他多数打野兔和野鹅


326
00:38:36,213 --> 00:38:38,545
他又说 现在的猎鹰工夫未到家


327
00:38:39,483 --> 00:38:40,916
他这只尚未学会打猎


328
00:38:41,952 --> 00:38:43,579
以前的猎鹰就好多了


329
00:38:44,155 --> 00:38:46,180
可以捉很多野兔 拿都拿不完


330
00:39:06,243 --> 00:39:08,541
这位猎鹰人叫哈森托雷根


331
00:39:09,146 --> 00:39:09,942
住在哈萨克


332
00:39:37,341 --> 00:39:39,366
以前这一带有很多猎鹰人出没


333
00:39:40,044 --> 00:39:41,306
而家就少了很多


334
00:39:42,213 --> 00:39:42,702
托雷根说


335
00:39:43,047 --> 00:39:44,947
他现在打猎纯粹是为兴趣


336
00:39:59,430 --> 00:40:01,159
摄制队与托雷根告别之后


337
00:40:01,665 --> 00:40:02,893
继续向西进发


338
00:40:03,901 --> 00:40:06,233
前面是一望无际的沙漠与天空


339
00:40:06,904 --> 00:40:08,235
还有炎热的天气


340
00:40:34,165 --> 00:40:36,224
酷热的沙漠中亦有生命滋长


341
00:40:37,134 --> 00:40:39,625
摄制队在一堆枯死的植物当中


342
00:40:40,337 --> 00:40:42,931
见到一种和沙一样颜色的灌木


343
00:40:44,141 --> 00:40:46,803
青绿的嫩芽排成一条直线生长


344
00:41:29,119 --> 00:41:31,019
据说这堆灌木生长的路线


345
00:41:31,522 --> 00:41:33,547
就是昔日商旅行经的路线


346
00:41:34,658 --> 00:41:37,593
骆驼与羊群途经这里时排出粪便


347
00:41:38,462 --> 00:41:39,520
使土地肥沃


348
00:41:40,064 --> 00:41:42,726
时至今日 这里仍然有植物生长


349
00:41:44,368 --> 00:41:46,768
沙漠区研究中心的穆罕默德教授


350
00:41:47,438 --> 00:41:50,134
向摄制队解释这一段沙漠之路


351
00:41:51,008 --> 00:41:52,475
为何会有植物生长


352
00:41:53,677 --> 00:41:56,544
昔日丝路商旅留下了活生生的印记


353
00:41:57,414 --> 00:41:59,382
到现在依然清晰可见


354
00:42:03,587 --> 00:42:05,350
历史学家与考古学家知道


355
00:42:06,023 --> 00:42:07,684
早在耶稣降生之前


356
00:42:08,192 --> 00:42:10,990
中亚已经有一个繁荣昌盛的古国


357
00:42:11,996 --> 00:42:12,985
花剌子模


358
00:42:33,217 --> 00:42:34,582
不过他们一直不知道


359
00:42:35,052 --> 00:42:36,747
花剌子模的确实位置


360
00:42:37,521 --> 00:42:39,250
与这个古国的文化面貌


361
00:42:40,257 --> 00:42:40,746
长久以来


362
00:42:41,058 --> 00:42:43,618
花剌子模一直是考古学上的谜


363
00:42:46,697 --> 00:42:49,860
这个谜团到了1940年代终于解开了


364
00:42:51,302 --> 00:42:52,599
苏联科学院的人员


365
00:42:53,070 --> 00:42:55,436
在锡尔河与阿姆河之间的地区


366
00:42:56,140 --> 00:42:58,938
发现了一个强盛帝国的历史遗迹


367
00:43:00,244 --> 00:43:01,006
经过几百年


368
00:43:01,312 --> 00:43:04,076
终于可以证实花剌子模的位置


369
00:43:05,215 --> 00:43:06,614
考古学界大为振奋


370
00:43:07,451 --> 00:43:07,940
直到现在


371
00:43:08,252 --> 00:43:10,311
花剌子模依然是二十世纪


372
00:43:10,988 --> 00:43:12,615
最重要的考古发现


373
00:43:35,245 --> 00:43:36,177
气派慑人的城堡


374
00:43:36,513 --> 00:43:38,845
充份显示出早在两千年前


375
00:43:39,516 --> 00:43:41,450
花剌子模的建筑技巧


376
00:43:42,119 --> 00:43:43,848
已经达到登峰造极


377
00:43:51,195 --> 00:43:52,560
古时城墙里面


378
00:43:53,030 --> 00:43:55,294
一定是一间间的豪华房屋


379
00:44:17,154 --> 00:44:19,554
外墙与内墙之间有一条通道


380
00:44:20,324 --> 00:44:23,020
时刻有士兵看守 以防有敌人入侵


381
00:44:33,270 --> 00:44:34,897
这里的房屋一定曾经摆满


382
00:44:35,339 --> 00:44:37,432
巧夺天工的浮雕与雕塑


383
00:44:48,218 --> 00:44:49,913
花剌子模的文物挖掘工作


384
00:44:50,421 --> 00:44:52,821
主要由俄罗斯考古人员负责


385
00:45:12,976 --> 00:45:14,671
其中一件文物是这个在


386
00:45:15,179 --> 00:45:17,977
图柏卡拉宫出土的男性人头像


387
00:45:19,416 --> 00:45:21,509
这个像是用颜色土造成


388
00:45:22,319 --> 00:45:24,048
当时花剌子模工匠


389
00:45:24,555 --> 00:45:26,785
发明了一种新的制像方法


390
00:45:27,558 --> 00:45:28,752
不一定要烧土


391
00:45:43,040 --> 00:45:45,531
这几个士兵像 面部的肤色较黑


392
00:45:46,276 --> 00:45:49,143
他们很可能是出身自南印度的部族


393
00:45:50,881 --> 00:45:51,540
这几个雕像


394
00:45:51,915 --> 00:45:54,076
是一至三世纪期间的作品


395
00:46:03,060 --> 00:46:05,392
这个是灵瓮 用来保存灵魂


396
00:46:06,230 --> 00:46:07,959
令死者可以长生不死


397
00:46:09,032 --> 00:46:11,330
它可能是依照死者的外貌制造


398
00:46:12,202 --> 00:46:14,329
摄制队由灵瓮可以推敲出


399
00:46:15,005 --> 00:46:16,802
花剌子模国民习惯


400
00:46:17,341 --> 00:46:20,538
把尸体放在高台上 任由雀鸟啄食


401
00:46:21,645 --> 00:46:22,407
如此看来


402
00:46:22,913 --> 00:46:25,677
当地的居民应该是信奉拜火教


403
00:47:04,955 --> 00:47:07,423
考古学家发现多个花剌子模城堡


404
00:47:08,091 --> 00:47:09,149
与城市遗迹


405
00:47:09,493 --> 00:47:11,893
散布于克孜勒库姆沙漠上


406
00:47:12,596 --> 00:47:13,824
几百公里的地方


407
00:47:14,932 --> 00:47:15,796
到目前为止


408
00:47:16,133 --> 00:47:18,067
已经有一千多个遗址出土


409
00:47:19,536 --> 00:47:22,369
考古学家亦发现了昔日居民的去向


410
00:47:24,041 --> 00:47:26,874
居民由红色沙漠克孜勒库姆出发


411
00:47:27,578 --> 00:47:28,806
越过阿姆河


412
00:47:29,279 --> 00:47:31,975
前往黑色沙漠卡拉库姆


413
00:47:52,169 --> 00:47:54,433
盛极一时的丝路古国花剌子模


414
00:47:55,105 --> 00:47:57,266
隐没于风沙之中几千年


415
00:47:58,175 --> 00:47:59,107
到了二十世纪


416
00:47:59,476 --> 00:48:02,377
它的秘密终于逐渐揭开