1
00:02:04,357 --> 00:02:05,722
崇山峻岭


2
00:02:06,226 --> 00:02:08,854
阻挡了丝绸之路旅客的去路


3
00:02:26,379 --> 00:02:28,939
帕米尔高原  素有世界屋脊之称


4
00:02:29,949 --> 00:02:32,076
高耸巍峨的群山  兀然挺立


5
00:02:32,919 --> 00:02:34,978
天山山脉、昆仑山山脉


6
00:02:35,522 --> 00:02:37,888
兴都库什山脉、喀拉山脉


7
00:02:38,725 --> 00:02:40,283
形成一道摩天巨墙


8
00:02:40,727 --> 00:02:42,991
排列于亚洲大陆的中央位置


9
00:02:49,369 --> 00:02:50,700
与这个世界屋脊


10
00:02:51,171 --> 00:02:52,763
为邻的国家分别有


11
00:02:53,273 --> 00:02:56,709
中国、印度、巴基斯坦和阿富汗


12
00:03:17,330 --> 00:03:18,422
丝绸之路摄制队


13
00:03:18,932 --> 00:03:21,696
从中国古都西安出发  一直往西走


14
00:03:22,435 --> 00:03:23,834
经历了一年半的旅程


15
00:03:24,470 --> 00:03:26,438
终于来到中国西陲地带


16
00:03:32,812 --> 00:03:35,406
摄制队到达红其拉甫山峡


17
00:03:36,082 --> 00:03:37,845
这里是东西分水岭


18
00:03:38,351 --> 00:03:42,117
高度达到海拔四千九百四十三米


19
00:04:07,947 --> 00:04:09,778
有一条公路  穿越山峡


20
00:04:10,350 --> 00:04:12,341
它就是喀拉昆仑公路


21
00:04:12,986 --> 00:04:15,284
将中国和巴基斯坦连接起来


22
00:04:47,820 --> 00:04:51,256
山峡上竖立了中巴两国的边界石碑


23
00:04:52,325 --> 00:04:54,452
摄制队获得巴基斯坦政府批准


24
00:04:55,094 --> 00:04:57,255
可以在石碑旁边停留


25
00:05:05,405 --> 00:05:06,429
每年春秋两季


26
00:05:06,973 --> 00:05:09,464
都有货车来回中国的喀什


27
00:05:10,109 --> 00:05:12,509
和巴基斯坦的吉尔吉特之间


28
00:05:18,318 --> 00:05:21,014
这一批商人准备将一车车中国货


29
00:05:21,788 --> 00:05:23,653
带回巴基斯坦去


30
00:05:24,157 --> 00:05:25,988
这几个中国人特地来送行


31
00:05:26,859 --> 00:05:28,827
两批进行边境贸易的商人


32
00:05:29,295 --> 00:05:32,025
在这里握手告别  之后各奔前程


33
00:05:41,374 --> 00:05:44,036
中国商人说多谢他们翻山越岭过来


34
00:05:44,877 --> 00:05:47,107
到了秋天他们一定会去吉尔吉特


35
00:06:07,433 --> 00:06:08,422
商旅一定要在


36
00:06:08,901 --> 00:06:11,233
下雪季节来临之前离开山岭


37
00:06:11,938 --> 00:06:13,428
他们要走二百公里路


38
00:06:13,940 --> 00:06:15,601
才能回去吉尔吉特


39
00:06:29,889 --> 00:06:32,858
吉尔吉特和喀什两地商人关系很好


40
00:06:33,459 --> 00:06:34,949
他们不需要用货币交易


41
00:06:35,695 --> 00:06:37,526
因为他们是以物易物的


42
00:06:51,077 --> 00:06:53,011
巴基斯坦商人从喀什带走的


43
00:06:53,746 --> 00:06:55,043
都是一些日常用品


44
00:06:55,782 --> 00:06:58,444
好像陶瓷、茶叶、热水壶


45
00:06:59,318 --> 00:07:01,115
当然还有大批丝绸


46
00:07:11,030 --> 00:07:11,997
吉尔吉特的货车


47
00:07:12,331 --> 00:07:14,162
都画上五彩缤纷的图案


48
00:07:14,834 --> 00:07:16,062
令人赏心悦目


49
00:07:45,731 --> 00:07:48,598
初春山路上的积雪  已经开始融化


50
00:07:49,302 --> 00:07:50,530
变得危机四伏


51
00:07:51,237 --> 00:07:54,138
到处都有可能发生雪崩或者山崩


52
00:08:03,282 --> 00:08:05,273
这辆货车的司机叫阿里喀达


53
00:08:06,185 --> 00:08:08,483
这是他第一次驾车来往喀什


54
00:08:13,092 --> 00:08:14,719
这个机会他等了好久


55
00:08:29,408 --> 00:08:31,501
他说一直很担心车子会受不了


56
00:08:32,178 --> 00:08:33,975
因为山上的空气太稀薄


57
00:08:34,814 --> 00:08:36,839
在这条陌生的道路上行驶


58
00:08:37,350 --> 00:08:38,612
他要格外留神


59
00:09:01,741 --> 00:09:03,402
离开山峡大约一百公里


60
00:09:03,976 --> 00:09:05,671
河谷变得宽阔


61
00:09:06,145 --> 00:09:08,306
车队的十架货车都加快速度


62
00:09:08,981 --> 00:09:10,573
向吉尔吉特驶去


63
00:09:47,987 --> 00:09:51,047
现在摄制队走的喀拉昆仑公路


64
00:09:52,124 --> 00:09:54,024
是依山势开凿而成的


65
00:10:08,808 --> 00:10:11,504
这段路大约位于海拔三千五百米


66
00:10:12,178 --> 00:10:15,204
虽然这一带山石嶙峋  冰河处处


67
00:10:16,048 --> 00:10:17,413
但是竟然见到有人


68
00:10:17,950 --> 00:10:19,918
带牦牛来这儿放牧


69
00:10:20,820 --> 00:10:21,946
这里地势高


70
00:10:22,254 --> 00:10:25,553
唯一可以用来运货的畜牲只有牦牛


71
00:10:28,327 --> 00:10:29,794
根据中国史书记载


72
00:10:30,296 --> 00:10:32,560
这段一直通去犍陀罗的山道路


73
00:10:33,199 --> 00:10:35,497
是史上最古老的商旅道路


74
00:10:56,689 --> 00:10:57,747
前人经这条路


75
00:10:58,124 --> 00:11:00,354
将丝绸从东方运去西方


76
00:11:13,439 --> 00:11:15,031
佛教也是经这条路


77
00:11:15,708 --> 00:11:17,107
从印度传入中国


78
00:11:17,710 --> 00:11:18,642
这一段丝绸之路


79
00:11:18,978 --> 00:11:21,242
冰天雪地  怪石嶙峋


80
00:11:22,148 --> 00:11:22,773
丝路摄制队


81
00:11:23,115 --> 00:11:25,640
亦是循这条路去犍陀罗


82
00:11:39,298 --> 00:11:40,230
摄制队已经来到


83
00:11:40,733 --> 00:11:42,758
海拔二千五百米的地方


84
00:11:43,269 --> 00:11:45,464
队员都察觉到  天气开始回暖


85
00:12:22,007 --> 00:12:23,770
车队向右转了个大弯


86
00:12:24,276 --> 00:12:26,073
进入一个开阔的山谷


87
00:12:31,250 --> 00:12:33,844
这里有一条村叫罕萨


88
00:12:51,737 --> 00:12:54,171
现在是四月  正值仲春时分


89
00:12:55,074 --> 00:12:57,770
摄制队眼前的罕萨村花开处处


90
00:12:58,677 --> 00:13:00,110
一片花团锦簇


91
00:13:02,214 --> 00:13:03,181
这些是杏花


92
00:13:03,482 --> 00:13:04,608
有这么美丽的景色


93
00:13:05,317 --> 00:13:06,750
罕萨可以称得上


94
00:13:07,286 --> 00:13:09,914
喀拉昆仑公路上的香格里拉


95
00:13:17,429 --> 00:13:19,920
罕萨村位处山区  平地很少


96
00:13:20,733 --> 00:13:23,133
一级级的梯田  用石墙分隔开


97
00:13:43,722 --> 00:13:45,519
村民利用有限的耕地


98
00:13:46,025 --> 00:13:47,652
种植马铃薯和洋葱


99
00:13:48,661 --> 00:13:50,322
到了杏花盛开的季节


100
00:13:50,763 --> 00:13:52,594
全村居民不分老幼


101
00:13:53,098 --> 00:13:54,725
总动员下田工作


102
00:13:55,835 --> 00:13:57,598
积雪融化成灰色的水


103
00:13:58,304 --> 00:14:00,602
润泽罕萨村的每一寸土地


104
00:14:01,941 --> 00:14:03,408
由村民开凿的引水道


105
00:14:03,909 --> 00:14:06,207
将雪水由山上引到农地


106
00:14:06,846 --> 00:14:09,041
再从农田引去各家各户


107
00:14:24,430 --> 00:14:26,898
村里面的妇女很关心杏树是否结果


108
00:14:27,733 --> 00:14:30,327
因为成熟的杏  可以用来制成干果


109
00:14:31,003 --> 00:14:32,470
作为冬天的储粮


110
00:14:51,390 --> 00:14:53,483
山丘上有一座建筑物的遗迹


111
00:14:54,193 --> 00:14:56,252
以前是罕萨村的守护城


112
00:14:56,962 --> 00:14:58,327
守护着下面的村庄


113
00:14:59,031 --> 00:15:01,226
它就是巴勒提特城堡


114
00:15:14,713 --> 00:15:15,839
罕萨村历史悠久


115
00:15:16,181 --> 00:15:18,775
相传古时罕萨的历代君王


116
00:15:19,451 --> 00:15:21,442
都在这座城堡处理政事


117
00:15:22,321 --> 00:15:23,948
这个王族在九百年前


118
00:15:24,456 --> 00:15:26,424
从波斯迁居到这儿来


119
00:15:27,059 --> 00:15:29,789
当时的国民同中国有贸易往来


120
00:15:30,896 --> 00:15:33,228
由于商旅以罕萨为旅程中途站


121
00:15:33,899 --> 00:15:36,493
所以这里有过一段长时期的繁荣


122
00:15:56,355 --> 00:15:58,289
摄制队见到一支送嫁队伍


123
00:15:59,158 --> 00:16:01,683
他们正送新娘去新郎家


124
00:16:28,821 --> 00:16:30,721
新娘一直用面纱幪着头


125
00:16:31,357 --> 00:16:34,087
根据习俗  新娘要到婚礼完成了


126
00:16:34,860 --> 00:16:36,350
才可以除下面纱


127
00:16:48,340 --> 00:16:49,807
婚礼喜气洋洋的气氛


128
00:16:50,309 --> 00:16:53,142
令春天的罕萨平添不少朝气


129
00:17:15,200 --> 00:17:17,998
在繁花似锦  雪山依傍的环境下


130
00:17:18,937 --> 00:17:20,666
丝路上的罕萨村居民


131
00:17:21,140 --> 00:17:22,437
过着宁静的生活


132
00:17:29,982 --> 00:17:31,609
罕萨村的居民很长寿


133
00:17:32,151 --> 00:17:34,642
这点也令这条村闻名于世


134
00:17:52,137 --> 00:17:53,297
摄制队进了村庄


135
00:17:53,806 --> 00:17:55,239
发现环境挺肮脏


136
00:18:05,717 --> 00:18:06,877
队员这次要拜访一位


137
00:18:07,186 --> 00:18:08,448
阿里穆拉托先生


138
00:18:13,926 --> 00:18:15,723
这位先生是全村最老的人


139
00:18:16,261 --> 00:18:18,456
他住在巴勒提特城堡附近


140
00:18:30,409 --> 00:18:32,206
这位老人  叫阿里穆拉托


141
00:18:33,112 --> 00:18:35,910
他同他的曾孙很悠闲地坐在门外


142
00:19:03,308 --> 00:19:05,139
虽然摄制队冒昧到访


143
00:19:05,844 --> 00:19:08,278
但老人家依然热情款待队员


144
00:19:18,724 --> 00:19:20,157
他还叫附近一户人家


145
00:19:20,492 --> 00:19:21,891
奉茶招呼队员


146
00:19:22,928 --> 00:19:25,328
这些茶加了大量的奶和糖


147
00:19:32,971 --> 00:19:34,996
摄制队问老人家今年几岁


148
00:19:35,474 --> 00:19:37,271
他说应该有一百零八岁


149
00:19:38,210 --> 00:19:41,043
他老当益壮  视力同听力都良好


150
00:19:42,047 --> 00:19:43,344
他用当地一种土话


151
00:19:43,782 --> 00:19:45,750
向摄制队忆述他的往事


152
00:20:01,934 --> 00:20:03,629
队员问他记不记得去过中国


153
00:20:04,503 --> 00:20:06,733
他说已经是七十年前的事


154
00:20:07,439 --> 00:20:08,736
他们是去朝贡的


155
00:20:22,854 --> 00:20:25,721
他和一班朋友一起去  旅途很艰辛


156
00:20:33,131 --> 00:20:36,225
他们第一个去的地方是塔什库尔干


157
00:20:56,455 --> 00:20:57,717
大家倾谈期间


158
00:20:58,290 --> 00:21:00,417
后院突然有几名乐师在奏乐


159
00:21:01,360 --> 00:21:02,850
原来老人家要跳舞


160
00:21:03,328 --> 00:21:05,922
娱乐摄制队这班从远方来的客人


161
00:21:17,409 --> 00:21:19,377
队员知道之后都有点怀疑


162
00:21:20,078 --> 00:21:22,239
一百零八岁的老人家还懂得跳舞?


163
00:21:23,115 --> 00:21:25,515
但是  老人家完全没有任何迟疑


164
00:21:26,251 --> 00:21:28,082
随着笛声同鼓声飘扬


165
00:21:28,887 --> 00:21:30,411
他早已翩翩起舞


166
00:21:45,837 --> 00:21:46,963
老人家说这舞


167
00:21:47,272 --> 00:21:49,706
是他年轻时在城堡学的


168
00:21:50,375 --> 00:21:52,741
他用舞姿诉说昔日的种种遭遇


169
00:21:57,249 --> 00:21:59,479
他说当年在喀什跳舞好开心


170
00:22:00,118 --> 00:22:02,484
以前  他们经常在禾田跳舞


171
00:22:03,155 --> 00:22:04,213
通宵达旦


172
00:22:25,444 --> 00:22:27,435
丝绸之路摄制队离开罕萨


173
00:22:28,113 --> 00:22:30,445
继续沿着喀拉昆仑公路下山


174
00:22:51,670 --> 00:22:53,831
公路位于罕萨河之上几百米


175
00:22:54,406 --> 00:22:56,306
依山开辟而成的


176
00:23:01,380 --> 00:23:02,074
河的对岸


177
00:23:02,414 --> 00:23:05,679
还有一条蜿蜒曲折的悬崖小道


178
00:23:25,470 --> 00:23:27,062
喀拉昆仑公路开通之前


179
00:23:28,006 --> 00:23:29,633
前人就是走这一条小道


180
00:23:30,375 --> 00:23:32,866
即使今天  这条路依然很重要


181
00:23:33,779 --> 00:23:36,509
连接起罕萨河沿岸多个村庄


182
00:23:37,716 --> 00:23:40,446
居民利用这条路  运送日常必需品


183
00:23:47,459 --> 00:23:49,791
据说  以前要翻越帕米尔高原


184
00:23:50,429 --> 00:23:51,691
需时一个月


185
00:23:52,364 --> 00:23:54,195
昔日的旅客走这条山路时


186
00:23:54,866 --> 00:23:56,197
一定要很小心


187
00:23:57,035 --> 00:23:58,434
根据中国史书记载


188
00:23:59,037 --> 00:24:01,062
如果发生意外  人马堕崖


189
00:24:01,740 --> 00:24:04,265
未到谷底  恐怕已经粉身碎骨


190
00:24:19,458 --> 00:24:21,926
摄制队这一次旅程中  亦目睹山崩


191
00:24:40,812 --> 00:24:42,712
这条山腰古道历史悠久


192
00:24:43,281 --> 00:24:45,909
由古到今  一定有无数的人走过


193
00:24:50,188 --> 00:24:51,382
但是经过一场山崩


194
00:24:51,890 --> 00:24:53,448
古道就在摄制队眼前


195
00:24:53,959 --> 00:24:55,824
消失得无影无踪


196
00:25:16,748 --> 00:25:19,182
摄制队小心翼翼地驾车越过河谷


197
00:25:47,979 --> 00:25:50,209
在吊桥另一边  就是吉尔吉特


198
00:25:51,116 --> 00:25:52,845
摄制队过了吊桥没多久


199
00:25:53,418 --> 00:25:55,682
就见到此行第一个佛教遗迹


200
00:25:58,290 --> 00:26:00,690
崖壁上面刻了一个巨型佛像


201
00:26:01,860 --> 00:26:03,487
这个佛像大约五米高


202
00:26:04,229 --> 00:26:06,129
是在五至六世纪刻成的


203
00:26:07,933 --> 00:26:09,127
当时佛教在这里


204
00:26:09,434 --> 00:26:11,698
有过一段繁荣昌盛的日子


205
00:26:36,695 --> 00:26:37,491
但是今日


206
00:26:37,829 --> 00:26:39,956
我们只听到有人诵读可兰经


207
00:26:40,765 --> 00:26:42,892
这里再没有佛教的蛛丝马迹


208
00:26:43,969 --> 00:26:46,233
和玄奘昔日记载的截然不同


209
00:26:47,439 --> 00:26:50,431
玄奘说这儿有佛寺数百  僧侣数千


210
00:26:52,844 --> 00:26:54,641
街上往来的行人中


211
00:26:55,113 --> 00:26:57,445
有很多人的轮廓和当地人明显有别


212
00:26:58,783 --> 00:27:01,684
这个城镇接近中国、印度和阿富汗


213
00:27:02,754 --> 00:27:05,450
不同种族的人都大批大批地来到


214
00:27:20,705 --> 00:27:22,866
现在摄制队到吉尔吉特市郊


215
00:27:23,341 --> 00:27:24,706
探访阿里喀达


216
00:27:25,243 --> 00:27:27,473
他是摄制队在红其拉甫山峡


217
00:27:28,146 --> 00:27:29,408
认识的货车司机


218
00:27:50,335 --> 00:27:52,428
当日阿里驾车的时候  神色凝重


219
00:27:53,104 --> 00:27:55,072
但是今天他却笑容满面


220
00:28:07,352 --> 00:28:09,013
阿里招呼队员进客厅坐


221
00:28:10,021 --> 00:28:11,420
根据当地的宗教习俗


222
00:28:11,956 --> 00:28:13,719
他的太太不会出来见客人


223
00:28:21,933 --> 00:28:23,901
阿里用从喀什带回来的新杯子


224
00:28:24,402 --> 00:28:25,630
斟茶款待队员


225
00:28:26,404 --> 00:28:28,599
可能受了中国生意伙伴的影响


226
00:28:29,274 --> 00:28:31,139
吉尔吉特人经常喝绿茶


227
00:28:51,096 --> 00:28:53,428
阿里说  中国人是他们的朋友


228
00:28:54,165 --> 00:28:55,894
吉尔吉特人和喀什人


229
00:28:56,401 --> 00:28:58,926
关系特别融洽  就好像一家人


230
00:29:00,004 --> 00:29:02,234
虽然翻越帕米尔一点也不轻松


231
00:29:02,907 --> 00:29:04,636
但是他很想再去


232
00:29:30,502 --> 00:29:33,164
离开吉尔吉特  路上经过一条河


233
00:29:42,113 --> 00:29:43,740
这条是印度河


234
00:29:52,423 --> 00:29:54,482
从这儿开始  喀拉昆仑公路


235
00:29:55,193 --> 00:29:56,751
会沿着印度河前进


236
00:30:14,813 --> 00:30:16,974
有个男人在等吊车过河


237
00:30:17,982 --> 00:30:19,472
原来他已经等了两个钟头


238
00:30:20,084 --> 00:30:21,915
不过他完全没有不耐烦


239
00:30:34,766 --> 00:30:36,427
摄制队也和他一起等


240
00:30:37,235 --> 00:30:39,100
过了一会  吊车终于出现了


241
00:30:56,387 --> 00:30:58,548
吊车首先慢慢滑下缆绳


242
00:30:59,390 --> 00:31:01,824
到了最后一段就要用人手拉


243
00:31:25,183 --> 00:31:27,344
一个村民叫司机送这只羊过来


244
00:31:28,152 --> 00:31:30,086
这只羊是今天第三个乘客


245
00:31:54,145 --> 00:31:55,874
齐拉斯镇距离吉尔吉特


246
00:31:56,347 --> 00:31:58,178
大约一百公里


247
00:31:58,883 --> 00:32:01,613
城外山区有不少佛像雕刻出土


248
00:32:02,253 --> 00:32:03,845
是珍贵的历史文物


249
00:32:17,268 --> 00:32:19,361
巴基斯坦考古学家丹尼教授


250
00:32:20,038 --> 00:32:21,767
一直致力研究这些石刻


251
00:32:22,340 --> 00:32:24,934
他推断这些石刻是五世纪的作品


252
00:32:34,385 --> 00:32:35,409
齐拉斯这个地方


253
00:32:35,920 --> 00:32:38,184
多次出现在中国史书里面


254
00:32:38,923 --> 00:32:40,720
因为前往犍陀罗的商旅


255
00:32:41,259 --> 00:32:43,022
一定会经过齐拉斯镇


256
00:32:43,895 --> 00:32:46,261
这些石刻很可能出自过路僧侣


257
00:32:46,864 --> 00:32:49,594
或者商人之手  作为对神的祷告


258
00:32:50,301 --> 00:32:52,098
借此寻求心灵慰借


259
00:33:41,886 --> 00:33:44,514
距离齐拉斯没多远有一个小型哨站


260
00:33:45,757 --> 00:33:47,520
哨站由三名警察驻守


261
00:33:48,092 --> 00:33:49,320
负责检查旅客


262
00:33:49,861 --> 00:33:51,624
特别是外国人的身份


263
00:33:59,370 --> 00:34:00,928
其实这一种是边境哨站


264
00:34:01,706 --> 00:34:03,196
只是附近一带才有


265
00:34:03,908 --> 00:34:05,102
这些哨站显示国家


266
00:34:05,410 --> 00:34:07,105
非常重视边境安全


267
00:34:08,479 --> 00:34:10,208
边防警察叫队员留下姓名


268
00:34:10,848 --> 00:34:13,043
和护照号码后  就让他们过境


269
00:34:22,226 --> 00:34:23,955
山上突然风起云涌


270
00:34:24,762 --> 00:34:27,287
印度河谷忽然吹起一阵狂风


271
00:34:54,759 --> 00:34:56,192
大雨随风暴而来


272
00:34:56,828 --> 00:34:58,227
路面的情况突然转坏


273
00:35:03,835 --> 00:35:06,360
据说喀拉昆仑公路施工期间


274
00:35:07,105 --> 00:35:08,129
困难重重


275
00:35:08,706 --> 00:35:11,300
共有超过三千名工人因公死亡


276
00:35:12,343 --> 00:35:15,312
公路全段通车不过是四年前的事


277
00:35:16,447 --> 00:35:18,506
即使现在公路两旁的山崖


278
00:35:19,150 --> 00:35:22,051
依然不稳固  常常有山石坠下


279
00:35:27,091 --> 00:35:29,218
所谓屋漏偏逢连阴雨


280
00:35:30,027 --> 00:35:31,358
现在正值融雪季节


281
00:35:32,130 --> 00:35:34,997
雪水从山上涌下来令公路淹水


282
00:36:45,870 --> 00:36:48,065
这里是喀拉昆仑公路的终点


283
00:36:48,940 --> 00:36:51,875
来到这儿  印度河谷宽阔了很多


284
00:36:53,377 --> 00:36:54,708
喀拉昆仑公路的起点


285
00:36:55,379 --> 00:36:56,903
是红其拉甫山峡


286
00:36:57,748 --> 00:36:59,739
距离这里六百四十五公里


287
00:37:18,836 --> 00:37:19,962
越过印度河谷


288
00:37:20,304 --> 00:37:22,670
就到达摄制队这段旅程的目的地


289
00:37:23,374 --> 00:37:24,272
犍陀罗


290
00:37:59,043 --> 00:38:01,034
犍陀罗是一个很重要的地方


291
00:38:01,979 --> 00:38:04,573
这里的佛教塑像造型传到日本


292
00:38:05,449 --> 00:38:07,644
对日本佛教具有深远的影响


293
00:38:09,487 --> 00:38:11,546
这一间是塔克巴希寺院


294
00:38:12,456 --> 00:38:14,651
据说建于公元二世纪


295
00:38:15,726 --> 00:38:18,058
这里的石建筑同基石历久犹在


296
00:38:18,829 --> 00:38:21,491
显示出昔日曾经有好多寺院同佛塔


297
00:38:22,199 --> 00:38:23,223
屹立在这儿


298
00:38:32,476 --> 00:38:34,603
以前每天一定有几百个僧侣


299
00:38:35,346 --> 00:38:36,836
在这里念佛诵经


300
00:38:37,515 --> 00:38:39,210
来这里求法的中国僧人


301
00:38:39,884 --> 00:38:40,782
一定也不少


302
00:39:16,887 --> 00:39:17,854
不只佛教僧侣


303
00:39:18,222 --> 00:39:19,416
犍陀罗的平民百姓


304
00:39:19,924 --> 00:39:21,585
也一定经常到寺院来


305
00:39:22,093 --> 00:39:23,151
诚心向佛祖祷告


306
00:39:23,494 --> 00:39:24,961
祈求心灵平静


307
00:39:44,882 --> 00:39:47,908
犍陀罗位于三条交通要道的交汇点


308
00:39:48,919 --> 00:39:50,409
向东行可以去中国


309
00:39:51,122 --> 00:39:52,714
向南行可以去印度


310
00:39:53,324 --> 00:39:55,053
向西行可以去伊朗


311
00:39:56,227 --> 00:39:58,218
佛教在早期就传入犍陀罗


312
00:39:58,963 --> 00:40:00,123
而且落地生根


313
00:40:12,076 --> 00:40:14,408
印度河河水滔滔  川流不息


314
00:40:15,312 --> 00:40:17,610
这一带气候温和  草木青葱


315
00:40:24,989 --> 00:40:26,388
居民虔心向佛


316
00:40:26,891 --> 00:40:28,984
犍陀罗同佛教都曾经有过一段


317
00:40:29,427 --> 00:40:30,359
辉煌的日子


318
00:40:46,076 --> 00:40:47,168
现在犍陀罗的居民


319
00:40:47,845 --> 00:40:50,405
大多数是狂热的伊斯兰教徒


320
00:40:51,315 --> 00:40:52,942
佛教在这里已成过去


321
00:40:53,684 --> 00:40:54,776
变成历史陈迹


322
00:41:00,925 --> 00:41:01,892
根据古书记载


323
00:41:02,293 --> 00:41:05,456
中国高僧玄奘  七世纪来过犍陀罗


324
00:41:06,697 --> 00:41:08,494
当时佛教已经开始衰落


325
00:41:14,338 --> 00:41:16,533
犍陀罗在二世纪达到全盛期


326
00:41:17,341 --> 00:41:19,866
当时这里由建立贵霜王朝的


327
00:41:20,744 --> 00:41:22,336
迦腻色迦王统治


328
00:41:30,454 --> 00:41:31,785
那个时代的辉煌历史


329
00:41:32,356 --> 00:41:34,381
现在就埋藏在零星散布的


330
00:41:35,059 --> 00:41:36,219
佛教遗迹里面


331
00:41:47,004 --> 00:41:49,404
迦腻色迦王  自称万王之王


332
00:41:50,274 --> 00:41:52,538
他曾经统治这里一大片土地


333
00:41:59,483 --> 00:42:02,179
贵霜王朝的都城是布路沙布罗


334
00:42:03,120 --> 00:42:04,644
意思是花之都城


335
00:42:05,489 --> 00:42:06,421
在犍陀罗有很多


336
00:42:06,891 --> 00:42:09,291
关于迦腻迦王的传奇故事


337
00:42:10,728 --> 00:42:13,196
有一天  迦腻色迦王遇见一个牧童


338
00:42:14,098 --> 00:42:15,588
牧童向国王讲了一个


339
00:42:16,133 --> 00:42:17,998
关于佛祖的古老预言


340
00:42:19,036 --> 00:42:20,765
佛祖说过将会有一个


341
00:42:21,272 --> 00:42:24,264
叫迦腻色迦的国王  建造一座佛塔


342
00:42:26,043 --> 00:42:27,135
听完牧童的话


343
00:42:27,845 --> 00:42:30,006
迦腻色迦王马上筹建佛塔


344
00:42:31,215 --> 00:42:32,546
传说还说这座佛塔


345
00:42:33,083 --> 00:42:35,984
后来自己不断变大  成为四百尺高


346
00:42:37,087 --> 00:42:38,884
而周边足足长一里半


347
00:42:39,823 --> 00:42:40,380
这一个传说


348
00:42:40,758 --> 00:42:43,192
在以玄奘法师取经为题材的小说


349
00:42:43,827 --> 00:42:45,852
《西游记》里面  亦有记载


350
00:42:49,800 --> 00:42:52,360
当然有关迦腻色迦王佛塔


351
00:42:53,070 --> 00:42:55,231
会自动变大的事  只是传说


352
00:42:56,240 --> 00:42:57,138
在二十世纪初


353
00:42:57,741 --> 00:42:59,709
英国考古学家斯普纳


354
00:43:00,210 --> 00:43:02,371
无意中揭开了这个传说的谜


355
00:43:03,347 --> 00:43:05,372
当时他在贵霜王国古都


356
00:43:06,083 --> 00:43:08,779
布路沙布罗附近一个佛塔挖掘


357
00:43:09,887 --> 00:43:10,683
这个花之都城


358
00:43:11,055 --> 00:43:13,080
亦即今日的白沙瓦市


359
00:43:19,263 --> 00:43:20,924
斯普纳在佛塔中央


360
00:43:21,398 --> 00:43:22,922
发现了一个青铜箱


361
00:43:23,801 --> 00:43:26,861
箱子直径有十三厘米  高二十厘米


362
00:43:27,905 --> 00:43:28,872
细致的浮雕中


363
00:43:29,206 --> 00:43:31,265
有迦腻色迦王的雕像


364
00:43:37,481 --> 00:43:39,312
箱子上还有用古佉卢文写的


365
00:43:40,017 --> 00:43:41,507
迦腻色迦王字样


366
00:43:42,386 --> 00:43:44,217
显示出当年迦腻色迦王


367
00:43:44,922 --> 00:43:47,413
崇尚佛法的传说  真有其事


368
00:44:01,739 --> 00:44:02,831
佛教起源于印度


369
00:44:03,207 --> 00:44:04,902
后来传来犍陀罗


370
00:44:06,276 --> 00:44:07,937
来自遥远西方的希腊人


371
00:44:08,779 --> 00:44:10,303
也在这里居住过


372
00:44:11,081 --> 00:44:13,572
当时的佛教徒还不懂雕刻佛像


373
00:44:14,852 --> 00:44:16,285
他们不懂得运用想像


374
00:44:16,787 --> 00:44:19,153
将心目中的佛祖形象表达出来


375
00:44:32,169 --> 00:44:33,966
相反  希腊人在这一方面


376
00:44:34,471 --> 00:44:37,372
就拥有非常丰富的雕刻神像经验


377
00:44:50,421 --> 00:44:52,321
西方人敢于创新的精神


378
00:44:53,090 --> 00:44:54,785
遇上东方的佛教文化


379
00:44:55,325 --> 00:44:56,849
令佛像应运而生


380
00:45:43,273 --> 00:45:43,967
昔日这些带有


381
00:45:44,341 --> 00:45:46,571
浓厚希腊味道的佛教雕像


382
00:45:47,244 --> 00:45:49,712
曾经令犍陀罗人悠然神往


383
00:45:57,654 --> 00:46:00,122
犍陀罗人  雕刻过各种佛像


384
00:46:22,246 --> 00:46:23,577
斋戒中的悉达多


385
00:46:24,181 --> 00:46:26,706
是在犍陀罗出土的众多佛像之中


386
00:46:27,417 --> 00:46:28,645
最杰出的一尊


387
00:46:50,941 --> 00:46:53,239
佛像身躯瘦削  血管暴现


388
00:46:54,144 --> 00:46:56,135
犍陀罗居民对佛祖的尊敬


389
00:46:56,880 --> 00:46:57,869
和那一份虔诚


390
00:46:58,282 --> 00:47:01,308
在这尊悉达多苦行像中表露无遗


391
00:47:26,476 --> 00:47:28,967
佛教在犍陀罗进入了佛像年代


392
00:47:29,847 --> 00:47:32,247
还以一股新姿态传遍四方


393
00:47:45,128 --> 00:47:47,926
佛教从犍陀罗开始向东传扬开去


394
00:47:48,966 --> 00:47:50,228
翻越帕米尔高原


395
00:47:50,968 --> 00:47:52,765
越过塔克拉玛干沙漠


396
00:47:53,403 --> 00:47:54,631
一直传到长安


397
00:47:55,339 --> 00:47:56,601
然后  继续东传


398
00:47:57,174 --> 00:47:59,369
越过海洋  进入日本