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‎NETFLIX 原创纪录片系列

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‎夜里的海

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‎有时候非常可怕

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‎下面的东西令大家心生畏惧

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‎但是现在 利用尖端摄影技术

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‎我们可以潜入漆黑的海中

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‎发现一个奇妙的世界

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‎这里充斥着古怪的生物

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‎奇怪的现象

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‎和惊人的行为

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‎在这里 月亮和潮汐决定生命的节奏

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‎夜越黑

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‎大海会揭开越多的奇迹

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‎黑暗的海洋

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‎是地球上最魔幻之夜的舞台

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‎澳大利亚大堡礁正值深夜

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‎但亮度刚好

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‎可以让超敏感摄像机窥入黑暗

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‎剧名：黑暗的海洋

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‎月圆之夜

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‎潮水最高

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‎这是母海龟一直在期盼的

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‎这能帮助它们越过暗礁

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‎并爬到岸边高处

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‎在这里破壳而出 30年之后

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‎这只青海龟又回来了

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‎为了产下它自己的蛋

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‎夜里周围的捕食者较少

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‎因此是筑窝下蛋最安全的时候

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‎它是迟来者

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‎第一批蛋在将近两个月前已经产下

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‎现在已经开始破壳了

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‎对每一只刚破壳的小海龟来说
‎存活的几率很小

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‎只有千分之一能够活到成年

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‎月光在水面上反光

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‎吸引它们朝海洋而去

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‎这短暂的旅途 应该是相对安全的

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‎但红嘴鸥能在满月的明亮月光下捕猎

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‎最后出现

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‎也许是福气

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‎红嘴鸥快吃饱了

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‎就快到了

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‎但高涨的潮水
‎往岸边引来了更大的危险

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‎鲨鱼

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‎成功下水的破壳小海龟
‎有三分之一会被鲨鱼吃掉

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‎越过了危险区

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‎在成年的旅途中
‎它还将面临诸多挑战

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‎但这只年幼的海龟已经成功渡过今夜

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‎这是它一生中最艰难的夜晚之一

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‎随着它游入东澳洋流

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‎它将与海洋的节奏紧密相连

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‎而海洋的节奏会随着月相进行波动

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‎即便是远隔38万公里

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‎月球的重力

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‎也能将我们的海洋向其方向拉拽

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‎它引起潮水的涨落和流动
‎已长达数十亿年

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‎经过印度尼西亚伦贝海峡的潮水

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‎将海洋深处的养分搅起

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‎为地球上最丰饶的一些水域提供营养

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‎这里的许多生命在夜里很活跃

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‎这里宽15公里

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‎住着一些确实古怪的夜间生物

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‎数以千计的不同物种
‎在这里争夺食物和空间

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‎竞争激烈

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‎捕食者必须进化出更精巧的办法
‎以打败猎物

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‎危险

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‎处处都在

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‎伦贝海峡住着终极伏击捕手

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‎虎虾蛄

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‎这种怪物

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‎长度超过30厘米

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‎从恐龙时代之前开始
‎它们就在这些浅海潜伏

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‎在此期间中

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‎它进化出了动物王国中最复杂的视力

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‎每只眼睛独立测量距离

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‎使之能极为精确地确定猎物的位置

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‎但在更黑暗的夜里

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‎就要依靠第六感了

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‎它身上具有特殊功能的鳞壳

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‎能侦测到身边游过的鱼产生的水压

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‎一旦锁定

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‎它就出击

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‎用锋利的钩子叉住猎物

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‎随着月亮的圆缺

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‎潮水的规模和力量会改变

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‎这又会极大地影响
‎许多海洋生物的命运

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‎在太平洋中遥远的帕劳群岛

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‎离新月还有三天

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‎这是月运周期中最黑暗的时候

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‎潮水正在变强

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‎为隆头鹦哥鱼繁殖创造了完美的条件

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‎这种鱼长达一米

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‎数以千计的这种巨大鱼类聚到一起

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‎这条五岁的雄鱼第一次加入其中

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‎它面临强劲的竞争

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‎30多年来 它的一些竞争对手
‎向来都是这里的常客

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‎它们在等待潮水转向的时候

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‎清洁鱼将死皮和寄生虫清除

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‎为亚成鱼做好准备
‎等待大喜之夜的来临

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‎还有几个小时才能准备就绪

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‎它必须节省体力

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‎终于 潮水开始转向

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‎荷尔蒙飙升

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‎它的脸变成白色
‎表明它已作好准备

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‎一条雌鱼感觉到了向外的水流

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‎它采取行动了

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‎雄鱼争先恐后地跟上

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‎推挤着争抢位置

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‎隆头鹦哥亚成鱼努力接近雌鱼

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‎但经验更为丰富的雄鱼
‎挡住了它的去路

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‎又一条雌鱼

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‎它一产下鱼卵
‎雄鱼们就释放大量精子

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‎亚成鱼再次努力尝试

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‎奋力地往前挤

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‎竭尽全力
‎只为将自己的基因传递下去

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‎它们戏剧化的表演

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‎时间安排非常完美

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‎潮水将受精卵从暗礁饥饿的口中卷走

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‎投入深海之中

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‎在开阔的海洋中
‎它们成为了绚烂生命的一部分

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‎一大批精妙绝伦的微小生物

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‎鱼

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‎螃蟹

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‎龙虾、水母等的小宝宝们

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‎下一代

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‎白天 这些浮游生物留在深处

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‎远离多数捕食者

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‎但在夜幕的掩护下

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‎它们上升数百米 来到水面捕食藻类

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‎相当于人类每天夜里往返400公里

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‎数以万亿计的生物 横跨整个地球

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‎这是世界上规模最大的迁徙

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‎也是无数海洋生物的主要食物

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‎从小鱼苗

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‎到海洋巨型动物

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‎但即便是五米长的鬼蝠鲼

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‎在海中最大的鱼面前还是相形见绌

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‎鲸鲨

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‎这条母鲨能长到超过十米

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‎寿命能高达一百岁

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‎在黑暗中 它几乎不用眼睛
‎而是靠嗅觉

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‎为了寻找食物 它会游行很远距离

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‎每24小时 它会过滤超过400万升水

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‎并吞下20公斤浮游生物

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‎鲸鲨的一生以独居为主

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‎它在黑暗中游动时跟着它的印鱼除外

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‎在海岸边 潮汐变化有时会非常剧烈

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‎一个月两次
‎太阳、月亮和地球排成一线

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‎重力合在一起 形成大潮

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‎潮涨潮落相差多达16米

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‎潮退之后 留下潮汐潭

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‎白天 看似无害

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‎但在夜里 却出奇的不利

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‎在不列颠海岸

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‎一只仅仅四厘米长的明虾被困住了

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‎在涨潮之前

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‎它将面临困难的一夜

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‎没有阳光 海草停止生产氧气

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‎明虾必须在氧气完全用完前找到氧气

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‎海葵是拦路虎

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‎幸亏有虾壳保护 明虾成功地过去了

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‎但它的麻烦才刚刚开始

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‎刚入夜的几个小时中

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‎还有氧气

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‎潭子活了起来

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‎明虾必须提防

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‎它的眼睛由数以千计的小水晶体组成

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‎采集着每一点细小的光

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‎要知道

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‎保不齐谁就在阴暗处潜伏者

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‎潮汐潭的演员表
‎每次涨落潮之后都会发生变化

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‎一只海星

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‎今晚最贪得无厌的来客之一

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‎它用暴力从岩石中捕捉帽贝

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‎并留下一片破坏的痕迹

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‎这对饥饿的明虾来说是天上掉馅饼

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‎不过这里还有其他更大的拾荒者

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‎由于有甲壳的保护

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‎寄居蟹有资本更加勇敢

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‎它比较不那么令人生畏

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‎不过仍然不愿分享

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‎另一只寄居蟹分散了它的注意力

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‎正中明虾下怀

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‎现在含氧量已经低到危险的程度

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‎明虾命在旦夕

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‎它必须采取行动

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‎它用胸足拍打水面

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‎将富含氧气的水吸入鳃中

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‎这种惊人的行为

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‎对科学界来说是新的发现

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‎但它不能长时间如此

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‎它从水中爬出
‎以便直接从空气中吸收氧气

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‎终于 太阳又升起了

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‎海草又开始生产氧气

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‎但搁浅的明虾陷入了干死的危险处境

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‎潮水救了它

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‎它熬过了惊险的一夜

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‎经过数百万年

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‎月亮和潮汐塑造了海洋生物的生命

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‎但是现在

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‎我们对于海洋的影响
‎正在引发新的夜间行为

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‎南非的莫塞尔湾中的这个小岛上

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‎住着4000只南非海狗

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‎现在是五月 小海狗们已经五个月大

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‎是时候学习游泳和捕鱼了

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‎但海狗并不是这里唯一的捕手

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‎大白鲨

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‎每年 它们游过数千公里来到这里

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‎它们计算的抵达时间非常完美

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‎没有经验的小海狗是软柿子

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‎随着太阳落山

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‎海狗捕食的鱼从海底升上来

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‎鱼在海湾的另一边

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‎海狗必须穿过深深的海峡

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‎这里是饥饿鲨鱼完美的藏身处

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‎大白鲨使用多种感官进行捕猎

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‎视力是关键

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‎光线必须恰到好处

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‎太亮 容易暴露自己

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‎太暗 则看不见猎物

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‎饥饿难耐 第一批海狗跳入海中

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‎在它们下方

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‎鲨鱼能够在视线外巡游

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‎但是斜阳使海狗的轮廓暴露出来

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‎夜幕降临之后

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‎海狗应该会有更好的机会溜过去

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‎但是在莫塞尔湾

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‎即便是在没有月光的夜晚

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‎完全的黑暗从来不会到来

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‎城市的灯光撒入海中

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‎照亮水面

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‎这正是大白鲨所需要的

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‎这里的鲨鱼利用人工光照

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‎能够在入夜后长时间捕食

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‎但其余的海狗总得觅食

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‎小海狗们抱团以求安全

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‎捕食者和猎物旗鼓相当

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‎双方在人工光照下都看得很清楚

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‎鲨鱼胜在出其不意

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‎而海狗则更为敏捷

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‎一旦出了城市灯光的范围

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‎在黑暗的辽阔海域
‎南非海狗更安全一些了

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‎但它们将每晚面对同样的危险

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‎直到鲨鱼离开

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‎莫塞尔湾是世界上唯一一个地方

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‎在这里人类发现
‎大白鲨利用人工光照捕猎海狗

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‎但并不只有月亮和城市才会照亮海洋

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‎珊瑚礁在热带浅海生长

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‎阳光能够穿透浅浅的海水

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‎白天

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‎生活在珊瑚中的藻类
‎将太阳能变为食物

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‎但太多的阳光会导致死亡

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‎所以珊瑚有一种迷人的防卫机制

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‎只在黑暗中才能看清

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‎用蓝光照射珊瑚礁揭示了一切

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‎珊瑚会发出微光

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‎这是迷幻的防晒霜

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‎色素吸收有害的紫外线

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‎将之转化为比较不危险的波长

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‎发出荧光

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‎发出微光的不只有珊瑚

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‎很多珊瑚礁生物都会发出荧光

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‎但我们这才刚开始理解其原因

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‎也许是为了引诱猎物

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‎或者是为了警告捕食者离开

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‎到了夜里
‎连珊瑚都显示出黑暗的一面

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‎它们无法再利用太阳生产食物

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‎但它们可以继续进食

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‎快进揭示出它们的致命秘密

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‎刺一样的触角
‎抓住漂浮在附近的微小生物

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‎礁石上每一寸都存在激烈的竞争

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‎这只快速生长的枝状珊瑚
‎正在威胁将邻居闷死

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‎一只橙色甜甜圈珊瑚

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‎甜甜圈珊瑚无法逃脱

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‎但可以反击

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‎用化学武器

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‎令人惊奇

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‎它挤出自己的内脏

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‎用消化酶将敌人分解

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‎这是一次成功的反击

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‎甜甜圈珊瑚今天夜里守住了阵地

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‎但地盘争夺战永远不会结束

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‎夜里的海洋中
‎许多事件的节奏由月运周期决定

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‎在最暗的月相中

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‎海洋上演最魔幻的表演

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‎日本富山湾新月时分

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‎渔夫们在深水中撒下渔网

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‎只有春天的几天中
‎才能尝试进行这种捕捞

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‎这只雌性萤火鱿

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‎正在从深渊中向上迁徙数百米

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‎不止它一个

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‎有新月的潮水浪涌相助

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‎数以千计的它的同类向海面升起

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‎萤火鱿用称为发光器的特殊细胞
‎自己进行发光

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‎这是它们在深海中的沟通方式

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‎它找到伴侣可能也是通过这种方式

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‎只有雌性萤火鱿
‎才会进行这种单程旅途

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‎它们将受精卵带到浅海

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‎由海面强烈的洋流传播到各处

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‎这是它们短暂生命中的最后行为

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‎日本人将萤火鱿视作美味

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‎它们在萤火鱿产卵之后将其捕获

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‎对其数量影响很小

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‎每年 数以百计的人
‎前来收获这些来自深海的珍品

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‎这是祖上留下来的传统

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‎这种夜间的表演出人意料的常见

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‎海洋生物中有四分之三会发光

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‎自己发光 照亮海洋

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‎有时候 海洋会上演特别节目

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‎发光潮

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‎数百年来一直让人类心存疑惑

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‎但我们现在知道
‎这是数以十亿记的单细胞生物造成的

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‎双鞭毛藻

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‎收到干扰时 它们通过化学反应发光

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‎每个个体都发出闪光
‎警告捕食者离开

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‎但任何搅动都会引起反应

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‎海豚

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‎在黑暗中发出微光

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‎这种现象很少见到
‎而且以前从未在水下拍到过

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‎海豚的眼睛对蓝光高度敏感

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‎它们能清楚地看到生物体发光

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‎它们甚至会利用这种光帮助捕猎

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‎又或者它们只是在享受表演罢了

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‎配备了最新科技

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‎我们正在进一步在深海中探索

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‎但在夜里的深海中
‎还有一整个海洋等待着我们去发现

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‎地球各处

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‎黑夜向动物们提出了非凡的挑战

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‎也提供了机遇

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‎我们对一些最具标志性的生物的理解

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‎已经被重新定义了

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‎地球的黑夜中还隐藏着哪些惊奇

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‎又有谁知道呢？

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‎字幕翻译：朱音