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{\an2}{\pos(190,278)}本字幕由YYeTs人人影视 原创翻译制作
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{\an2}{\pos(190,268)}翻译：麦克杜格    小康    文氓小英熊    沸石    jasmine雪

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{\an2}{\pos(190,268)}校对：Leona          时间轴：Ghost

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{\an2}{\pos(190,268)}后期：鱼骨头         总监：Leona

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{\pos(160,100)}{\an2}印象派: 绘画与革命

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{\pos(230,80)}{\an2}人物的描绘

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*Though it hardly looked like a novel at all*

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*And the city treats me, it treats me to you*

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*And a cup of coffee for you*

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*I should learn its language and speak it to you*

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*And 70 million should be in the know*

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*70 million don't go out at all*

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*And 70 million wouldn't walk this street*

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*And 70 million would run to a hole*

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*And 70 million would be wrong, wrong, wrong*

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*And 70 million never see it at all*

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*And 70 million haven't tasted snow. *

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因为这部纪录片的主题是印象派
Because this is a series about Impressionism,

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你可能认为我大部分时间都会待在户外
you probably expect me to spend most of my time outdoors,

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{\an8}音乐

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欣赏河流  花园  及泛舟聚会
enjoying rivers and gardens and boating parties.

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因为在多数人看来  这就是印象派的主题
Because that's what most people think Impressionism was about.

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{\an8}主持人  瓦尔德玛·雅努史扎克

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有些作品确实如此
Some of it was, of course.

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在上一集我们也欣赏了很多晴朗时光
And we certainly saw a lot of sunny days in the last film.

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那集的主题就是印象派的户外画作
The one about the Impressionists outdoors.

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还记得塞纳河畔的雷诺阿吗
Remember Renoir by The Seine?

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还有在艾特大的莫奈
And Monet at Etretat?

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自然  以一种全新的方式
Nature, observed and recorded.

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被观察和记录了下来
The new way.

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但若是你认为印象派作品只关注于
But to think that Impressionism was mainly concerned

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描绘河流和花园  那就错了
with painting rivers and gardens is a mistake.

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因为事实并非如此
Because it wasn't.

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对印象派画家来说  在室内观察人物
For the Impressionists, staying indoors and watching the people

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与到户外观察自然风光
was just as important as going outdoors

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同等重要
and watching the landscape.

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印象派作品中  经常出现资产阶级的身影
You'll spot many a migrating bourgeois in Impressionist art.

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或成双成对  或形单影只
In couples and in singles.

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有时  画作的风格甚至很冷酷
And it can get bleak.

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莫奈在家族聚餐上
Monet sits in on a family lunch

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看看这阴暗的场景
and notices how gloomy it's got.

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是的  这确实是莫奈  而非易卜生
Yes, this really is Monet and not Ibsen.

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事实上  印象派作品中充满了人
The fact is, Impressionism is packed with people.

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他们无处不在
They're everywhere.

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我认为任何艺术时期的任何社会
I don't think any society anywhere in art has been watched,

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都没有像印象派画家时代的
categorised and judged

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法国居民区那样
as intensely as the inhabitants of France

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被如此彻底地观察  分类  和评价
in Impressionist times.

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在巴黎的每个咖啡厅  每场宴会之后
Behind every banquette, in every Parisian cafe,

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都潜伏着印象派画家的眼睛  寻找目标
there lurked an Impressionist twitcher, spotting the clients.

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连在卧室里  都无法逃脱他们的观察
You couldn't hide from them in the bedroom either,

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因为他们就藏在床下  观察你穿衣服
because they were under the bed, watching you get dressed.

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印象派画家以史无前例的敏锐
The Impressionists witnessed the theatre of life

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捕捉到了眼前生活的精彩之处
unfolding before them with unprecedented keenness.

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同史上所有伟大的肖像画家那样
And, like all the great portraitists in history,

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他们不仅仅对人物表面的样子感兴趣
they weren't just interested in how people looked.

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他们还着迷于人物丰富的内心世界
They were fascinated by their inner lives as well.

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这是德加的首幅巨作
This is Degas' first masterpiece.

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他早在20出头时就开始创作这幅画了
He started painting it in his early 20s

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然后按照惯例  他涂涂改改了好几年
and then faffed about with it for years, as was his wont.

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他们全部是德加的家人
They're all members of the Degas family.

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这个女人是他的姑姑劳拉
The woman is his Aunt Laura, his father's sister.

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她嫁给了右边的这个男人
She's married to the man on the right,

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乔纳罗·贝莱利男爵 
Baron Gennaro Bellelli,

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一个来自佛罗伦萨的意大利有钱人
a posh Italian from Florence.

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这是他们的两个孩子
And these are their two children.

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坐着的这个是佛罗伦萨
Julia, sitting down,

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左边的这个是乔凡娜
and Giovanna, on the left.

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德加是典型的资产阶级
Degas was very bourgeois.

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他来自于一个银行家家族
He came from a family of bankers.

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这里  画的后面
And here, at the back of the painting,

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是一幅画中画
is a picture within a picture

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是他的祖父雷内-希雷亚·德加的肖像
of his grandfather, Rene-Hilaire Degas.

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他是这个金融世家里最富有的人
He was the richest of the banking clan,

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严厉而暴躁
stern and grumpy.

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这位祖父住在那不勒斯
The grandfather lived in Naples.

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这边是德加为他画的另一幅肖像
There's another picture of him here by Degas.

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还有其余的家庭成员
And all these other members of the family.

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这是德加的姐姐  玛格丽特·德加
This is Degas' sister, Marguerite Degas.

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注意她拼写自己姓的方式
Now, look at the way she spells her name.

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玛格丽特·德·加
Marguerite De Gas.

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他们这样做  是为了听上去更高贵
They did that to sound posh.

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{\an8}法语姓名之间的"德"字象征贵族身份

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他们真名是德加  正如画家此处的签名
Their real name was Degas, as the painter signs himself here.

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这个家族没有资格称呼自己为德·加
The family had no right to call themselves De Gas,

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但是他们试图使自己听上去血统更高贵
but they were trying to sound better bred than they were,

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这是典型的资产阶级行为
which was very bourgeois of them.

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这里是德加本人
And this here is Degas himself.

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傲慢  阴沉
Arrogant, surly,

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厌恶女性  孤身一人
misogynist and bachelor,

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同时还是一位十分聪明的画家
and a very clever painter

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这些都用近乎残忍的线条表现了出来
with a cruel streak to him.

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德加是个很难相处的人
Degas was a very difficult man.

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但同时又是一名天才  
But he was also a genius

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并且极度反叛  热爱冒险
and quite shockingly ungovernable and adventurous.

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这是他早期的作品  看上去中规中矩
This is all his early work and it looks very traditional.

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但即便是在这里
But even here...

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他也可以如此令人吃惊
He could be so outrageous.

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贝莱利一家的画像
The portrait of the Bellellis,

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表面看来十分高雅宁静
which seems so elegant and sedate,

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却在德加的家族里引起了骚动
caused a big rumpus in the Degas family.

106
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这里的劳拉  德加嫁到意大利的姑姑
Laura here, Degas' Italian aunt,

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德加可能的仰慕对象
whom he probably had a thing for,

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厌恶着自己的丈夫  乔纳罗男爵
detested her husband, Baron Gennaro.

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他们都十分不快
They were deeply unhappy.

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这幅画里的她实际上还怀着
She's actually pregnant in this picture

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他们的第三个孩子
with their third child.

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但看看她  多么不高兴
But look how unjoyous she seems

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站的地方  与他的距离有多远
and how far away from him she stands.

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这是一幅深刻地
This is a painting that goes deeply,

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甚至冷酷地直刺
cruelly almost, into the realms

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人物内心和女性苦恼的作品
of personal psychology and feminine unhappiness.

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德加  我将尽我所能地在本集中
Degas, whom we're going to concentrate on in this film

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集中介绍的画家
for as long as I can get away with,

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是如此的富有才华
because he was such a genius,

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他骨子中就存在着反叛的基因
had the rebel gene in him from the start.

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他是如此的不受约束  着实令人惊讶
He was so ungovernable, it's really surprising.

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他属于优越的资产阶级  银行家的儿子
Here's this haute bourgeois, a banker's son,

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接受的都是正统的艺术教育
whose art education was completely traditional.

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高级的学校  高等美术学院
Posh school, Ecole des Beaux-Arts,

125
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所有这些都应该把他塑造成
everything in his past should have made him

126
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这样的画家
this kind of painter.

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但事实却不是这样
But it didn't.

128
00:07:31,040 --> 00:07:33,640
他竟成为了这样...
It made him...this.

129
00:07:36,960 --> 00:07:38,240
以及这样
And this.

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还有这样
And this.

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00:07:45,920 --> 00:07:50,000
德加没有按照正统的路线走下去
Something went very wrong in grand bourgeois genetics

132
00:07:50,000 --> 00:07:52,120
而是呈现出另一种风格
when it produced Degas.

133
00:07:52,120 --> 00:07:55,120
这偏差是如此的光彩照人  五彩缤纷
Something glorious and colourful,

134
00:07:55,120 --> 00:07:58,360
朦胧而醉人
blurry and intoxicating.

135
00:07:59,070 --> 00:08:02,440
这是富有活力且前所未有的变化
It's a dynamic and inventive mutation,

136
00:08:02,440 --> 00:08:05,360
在这之中  金融界所带来的文明
and there's not much in the story of civilisation

137
00:08:05,360 --> 00:08:07,960
并没有起到很大的作用
we should thank the banking world for,

138
00:08:09,060 --> 00:08:11,870
不过我们应该感谢他们带来了这个
but we do need to thank them for this.

139
00:08:26,730 --> 00:08:28,160
众所周知  英国人和法国人
As you know, the British and the French

140
00:08:28,160 --> 00:08:30,120
之间的关系并不是很友好
don't always see eye to eye.

141
00:08:30,120 --> 00:08:32,360
他们并不是天生的兄弟
They're not really natural buddies.

142
00:08:32,360 --> 00:08:35,360
因此  如果我想告诉你英国
So, if I was to suggest to you that Britain's influence

143
00:08:35,360 --> 00:08:38,080
对印象主义的影响至关重要
on Impressionism was crucial,

144
00:08:38,080 --> 00:08:42,360
最好还是悄悄地说出来
it's probably best if I suggest it quietly.

145
00:08:42,360 --> 00:08:46,330
英国对印象主义的影响至关重要
Britain's influence on Impressionism was crucial.

146
00:08:49,880 --> 00:08:54,200
是英国人将赛马运动传入法国的
It was the British who introduced horseracing into France,

147
00:08:54,200 --> 00:08:58,600
就像他们传入了泛舟  浸浴  和漫步
just as they'd introduced boating and bathing and rambling.

148
00:09:00,860 --> 00:09:05,810
说到发明消磨周日时光的新方法
When it came to inventing new ways of not doing much on Sundays,

149
00:09:05,810 --> 00:09:09,270
英国人是当之无愧的冠军
the British were definitely the champs.

150
00:09:12,550 --> 00:09:17,400
隆格尚这家著名的赛马场于1857年开放
This famous racecourse at Longchamp was only opened in 1857

151
00:09:17,400 --> 00:09:21,230
是臭名昭著的奥斯曼男爵
as part of the dramatic redesign of Paris

152
00:09:21,230 --> 00:09:23,760
重建巴黎计划中的一部分
by the infamous Baron Haussmann.

153
00:09:23,760 --> 00:09:28,220
奥斯曼在一片荒野  布洛涅森林
Haussmann created this entire park from scratch,

154
00:09:28,230 --> 00:09:29,560
上建造了整个公园
the Bois de Boulogne.

155
00:09:29,560 --> 00:09:32,680
我相信它的原型就是海德公园
It was based, I believe, on Hyde Park.

156
00:09:32,680 --> 00:09:36,000
在其中  他建造了这个巨大
And inside, he placed this huge,

157
00:09:36,000 --> 00:09:39,520
熙攘的隆格尚赛马场
rowdy racecourse of Longchamp.

158
00:09:42,040 --> 00:09:45,270
赛马在法国民众间迅速掀起了一股热潮
Racing was an immediate hit with the French public,

159
00:09:45,270 --> 00:09:47,910
成为了周末的新消遣
something else to do at the weekend.

160
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新潮的人群聚集的地方
And where the modern public went,

161
00:09:50,280 --> 00:09:53,240
往往也吸引了前卫的画家
the modern painter was quick to follow.

162
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马奈以疾风般迅速的笔法
Manet captured Longchamp's frenzy

163
00:09:57,280 --> 00:10:00,700
抓住了隆格尚的狂热情境
in a flurry of speedy brushstrokes.

164
00:10:02,090 --> 00:10:05,260
但在印象派画家中  是德加
But among the Impressionists, it was Degas, 

165
00:10:05,260 --> 00:10:09,800
那位银行家的儿子  对马最为狂热
the banker's son, who most loved the horsies.

166
00:10:13,040 --> 00:10:16,240
德加当时在寻找新的  时髦的创作素材
Degas was looking for new, modern subjects to paint

167
00:10:16,240 --> 00:10:18,640
而他绝不能错过隆格尚
and he couldn't really miss Longchamp.

168
00:10:18,640 --> 00:10:20,600
当这里的人群兴奋起来的时候
When the crowd in here gets excited,

169
00:10:20,600 --> 00:10:24,680
他们的吼叫可以一路传回巴黎市中心
you can hear their roar all the way back to central Paris.

170
00:10:27,840 --> 00:10:30,760
热情的巴黎人在周日齐聚在这里
Eager Parisians would crowd in here on a Sunday

171
00:10:30,760 --> 00:10:34,430
以各种方式互相炫耀
and parade, strut, display.

172
00:10:35,420 --> 00:10:37,320
然而  德加的兴趣却更多地
Degas, though, was more interested

173
00:10:37,320 --> 00:10:40,280
落到了骑师和赌马人的身上
in the jockeys than the punters.

174
00:10:40,280 --> 00:10:43,630
他们鲜艳的骑装与背景戏剧化的对比
The drama of their colours against the landscape.

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他们突然在你身边掠过的身影
Their sudden loomings above you.

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在同一时期  另一位极富影响的英国人
Now at exactly this time, another influential Englishman,

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摄影师埃德沃德·迈布里奇
the photographer Eadweard Muybridge,

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同样研究着赛马
was also investigating horses.

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迈布里奇试着要解决一个关于
Muybridge was trying to solve the ancient mystery

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飞驰骏马的古老疑问
of a galloping horse.

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它究竟是怎么运动的
How exactly does it move?

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为何  过去画家将它们绘于纸上的时候
Why, when artists painted it in the past,

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总是充满了违和感
did it always look so wrong?

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为了解决这些疑问
To answer these questions,

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迈布里奇做了一个实验
Muybridge set up an experiment.

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他沿着训练场设置了一排照相机
He arranged a row of cameras along a training field

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一条条紧拉的跘线穿过跑道
and tripwires stretched across the course

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和照相机连接
and connected to the cameras.

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当骏马飞驰而过时  便会牵动跘线
The idea was that when a galloping horse passed by here,

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在整段路上触发一系列的快门
it would trigger a series of extra fast exposures,all the way along.

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闪光灯一下一下地闪烁着
Flash...flash...flash.

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照相机喀嚓喀嚓地记录着
Picture, picture, picture.

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飞奔的马最终被定格在一张一张的相片中
The moving horse in action was finally frozen, step by step,

194
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一个又一个的秘密浮出水面
Secret by secret.

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迈布里奇描写动物运动的著作
Degas bought Muybridge's book on the animal in motion

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在法国一经出版  德加便购入囊中
as soon as it came out in France,

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加以苦读
and he studied it assiduously.

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但令人大跌眼镜的是
But I told you he was contrary,

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真正吸引德加的似乎并非是马儿飞驰时
and what really seemed to fascinate Degas about the horse in motion

200
00:12:21,760 --> 00:12:25,200
那优雅矫健的英姿
was not how graceful it looked or how powerful,

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或是那些普通的优点
the usual horsey cliches,

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而是一种扭曲
but how contorted.

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00:12:33,680 --> 00:12:38,080
不久他就制作了一批从未被展出的雕像
Later, he made some sculptures which he never showed to anyone.

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在他死前没有人知道雕像的存在
No-one knew he'd done them until he died.

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但看着德加私藏的雕塑
But according to Degas's private sculptures,

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就会发现马儿奔跑时真正秘密
the true secret of the horse's movement

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在于它们的笨拙僵硬  一身蛮力上
is that it's awkward, strained and sinewy.

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毫无优雅可言
Not at all graceful.

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德加对动物运动的全新理解  
This new way of understanding animal movement in Degas's art,

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这种粗犷犀利的全新表现
this harsh new way of looking,

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并不仅限于马
didn't just apply to horses.

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00:13:13,760 --> 00:13:16,320
也被运用到了人的身上
It applied to people too,

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尤其是女人
particularly women.

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迈布里奇也拍女人
Muybridge had also photographed women,

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00:13:25,840 --> 00:13:30,880
回旋起舞  婀娜多姿  
swirling and dancing, twisting this way and that.

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00:13:30,880 --> 00:13:32,930
翩若惊鸿的女子
Always in action.

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00:13:36,160 --> 00:13:39,280
迈布里奇拍摄的奔马和女人
Muybridge's images of moving horses and women

218
00:13:39,280 --> 00:13:43,480
对德加的作品产生了前所未有的影响
had an impact on Degas's art that no-one could have predicted.

219
00:13:43,480 --> 00:13:47,080
使德加总是居高临下地观察女性
They inspired him to start looking at women

220
00:13:47,080 --> 00:13:52,210
并带来了创造性的视觉感受
from such awkward angles and inspired viewpoints.

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00:13:54,960 --> 00:13:58,900
大众认为从这些令人诧异的角度来观察
A common reaction to these startling views of

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00:13:58,900 --> 00:14:01,260
妓女和演员在浴盆里
stretching prostitutes and actresses,

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00:14:01,260 --> 00:14:06,140
扭动  屈体  擦身
twisting, leaning, drying themselves in their tubs,

224
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表现了德加在故意凌辱这些裸女
is that they show Degas deliberately humiliating his naked women.

225
00:14:11,200 --> 00:14:15,200
强迫她们摆出丑陋粗野的姿态
Forcing them to take up ugly and graceless poses.

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00:14:17,540 --> 00:14:20,640
他绝对是个厌恶女性的人
It's certainly true that he was a misogynist.

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00:14:20,640 --> 00:14:23,600
"我宁可养100头羊"  他曾经叫嚣
"I'd rather keep 100 sheep," He once snapped,

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"也胜过一个心急口快的女人"
"Than one outspoken girl."

229
00:14:26,440 --> 00:14:30,880
德加确实在画中隐藏了对女性的厌恶
Degas had plenty to hide in his feelings about women.

230
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但在我看来  这并非是这些画作的主题
But I don't think that's what these great pastels are about.

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00:14:37,990 --> 00:14:42,040
它们并非刻意表现了羞辱和虐待
I don't think these are about humiliation or cruelty.

232
00:14:43,680 --> 00:14:45,750
而是另有深意
They're about something else, 

233
00:14:45,750 --> 00:14:49,160
蕴含着德加在阅读迈布里奇的著作后的感受
something Degas discovered in Muybridge's horse book.

234
00:14:49,920 --> 00:14:52,230
这些画展现了真正的运动
They're about true movement,

235
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展现了笨拙的扭动和不雅的屈身
about awkward twisting and ungainly leaning.

236
00:14:55,920 --> 00:14:57,840
人体运动的姿态
The human body in motion,

237
00:14:57,840 --> 00:15:01,120
从钥匙孔中被敏锐地观察着
brilliantly observed through the keyhole,

238
00:15:01,120 --> 00:15:03,880
当它认为无人察觉时
when it thinks no one is looking.

239
00:15:06,980 --> 00:15:09,120
在这些雕塑中
In his horse sculptures,

240
00:15:09,120 --> 00:15:14,000
德加仿佛用一种崭新的3D视角来观察马匹
Degas seems to see the moving horse in a new kind of 3D.

241
00:15:20,240 --> 00:15:24,520
在描绘浴中妓女和伸展肢体的女演员时
And in his ravishing pastels of bathing prostitutes

242
00:15:24,520 --> 00:15:28,640
他用夸张的3D视角  居高临下地俯视女性
and stretching actresses, he looks down at the girls

243
00:15:28,640 --> 00:15:35,190
在艺术界  这是前所未有的壮举
from extravagant, 3D viewpoints that art had never chosen before.

244
00:15:38,080 --> 00:15:42,040
与其说这是描绘裸体的一大进步
This is more than a new chapter in the story of the nude,

245
00:15:42,040 --> 00:15:45,360
不如说这是另起炉灶
this is tearing up the old script

246
00:15:45,360 --> 00:15:47,920
重新开始
and starting from scratch.

247
00:15:47,920 --> 00:15:52,480
大家都知道印象派重新定义了风景画
Everyone knows the Impressionists reinvented the landscape,

248
00:15:52,480 --> 00:15:57,280
但对裸体的重新定义也归功于他们
but they should also be credited with reinventing the nude.

249
00:16:06,820 --> 00:16:08,240
在印象派的八次画展中
Degas showed in seven

250
00:16:08,240 --> 00:16:11,440
德加参与了七次
of the eight Impressionist exhibitions.

251
00:16:11,440 --> 00:16:16,600
他看上去异常地忠实专注
He was surprisingly loyal and dedicated to the cause.

252
00:16:16,600 --> 00:16:18,920
但他体内叛逆的基因
But he had the rebel gene in him

253
00:16:18,920 --> 00:16:22,200
使他无论做什么  都显得离经叛道
and it led him astray, whatever he did.

254
00:16:22,980 --> 00:16:24,700
看看这一幅
I mean, look at this,

255
00:16:24,700 --> 00:16:28,570
他在绘画史上最大胆的尝试
his most audacious attempt to paint history.

256
00:16:29,470 --> 00:16:31,760
什么样的人
What kind of a mind decides

257
00:16:31,760 --> 00:16:35,160
会把这样的作品放入印象派展览中
to put this into an Impressionist exhibition?

258
00:16:38,120 --> 00:16:41,640
我们总觉得古希腊是文明的起源
We always imagine ancient Greece to have been the cradle

259
00:16:41,640 --> 00:16:45,800
照亮了人类的启蒙之路
of civilisation, a beacon of enlightenment.

260
00:16:45,800 --> 00:16:47,640
但也不完全如此
But it wasn't always that,

261
00:16:47,640 --> 00:16:50,640
尤其牵扯到女性时
particularly where women were concerned.

262
00:16:53,990 --> 00:16:56,360
当论及如何对待女性时
When it came to the treatment of women,

263
00:16:56,360 --> 00:17:00,440
古希腊人就像塔利班那样
the ancient Greeks were as macho and unreconstructed

264
00:17:00,440 --> 00:17:02,520
大男子主义  冥顽不灵
as the Taliban.

265
00:17:04,220 --> 00:17:07,800
古希腊妇女不能出门  不能接受教育
Greek women couldn't go out, they couldn't be educated,

266
00:17:07,800 --> 00:17:10,120
没有继承权或选举权
they couldn't inherit or vote.

267
00:17:10,120 --> 00:17:14,640
在大多数古代社会中  女性被不公平对待
In most of the ancient world, women were treated appallingly.

268
00:17:14,640 --> 00:17:17,600
除了一座伟大的城邦
Except in one great city state,

269
00:17:17,600 --> 00:17:20,800
在这些问题上持截然不同的态度
where most things were done differently.

270
00:17:20,800 --> 00:17:22,360
这座城就是斯巴达
Sparta.

271
00:17:24,240 --> 00:17:27,440
斯巴达的女孩们被平等地对待
Spartan girls were treated as equals,

272
00:17:27,440 --> 00:17:31,480
从小像男生一样被养大  独立而坚强
brought up to be strong and independent, like the boys.

273
00:17:32,800 --> 00:17:37,940
没人知道这幅图画究竟要表达什么涵义
No one is certain what this curious picture actually shows.

274
00:17:39,400 --> 00:17:41,640
在国家画廊的标签里
On the label, here at the National Gallery,

275
00:17:41,640 --> 00:17:45,480
他们称之为《年轻的斯巴达人的练习》
they call it Young Spartans Exercising.

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00:17:46,210 --> 00:17:51,120
也被称为《练习摔跤的年轻斯巴达人》
And it's also known as young Spartans Practising Wrestling.

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00:17:53,440 --> 00:17:55,200
但当德加在1880年
But when Degas finally put it

278
00:17:55,200 --> 00:17:58,320
将其放到第五届印象派画展上时
into the fifth Impressionist Exhibition of 1880,

279
00:17:58,320 --> 00:18:01,000
他为这幅画取了一个华丽的名字
he gave it the splendid title

280
00:18:01,000 --> 00:18:05,680
叫做《敢向男生叫板的斯巴达女生》
of Spartan Girls Provoking The Boys.

281
00:18:05,680 --> 00:18:07,880
我想破头也不明白
And I can't understand, for the life of me,

282
00:18:07,880 --> 00:18:09,560
为什么人们就不信他
why people don't believe him,

283
00:18:09,560 --> 00:18:12,240
因为这才是这幅画的主旨
because that's clearly what it shows.

284
00:18:12,240 --> 00:18:17,800
左边的女生挑衅着右边的男生
The girls, on the left, provoking the boys, on the right.

285
00:18:20,120 --> 00:18:21,380
为了强身健体  
To toughen them up,

286
00:18:21,380 --> 00:18:26,080
斯巴达的女孩们接受了打斗和摔跤的教育
Spartan girls were taught to fight and wrestle.

287
00:18:26,080 --> 00:18:29,790
不管什么天气  她们穿得都不多
They didn't wear much either, whatever the weather.

288
00:18:29,800 --> 00:18:33,160
德加从这些古老原始的时代中
And Degas senses the sexual friction

289
00:18:33,160 --> 00:18:36,180
闻到了性冲突的气息
of these strange classical days.

290
00:18:39,520 --> 00:18:42,400
斯巴达女孩们奚落着男孩子
The Spartan girls are taunting the boys,

291
00:18:42,400 --> 00:18:46,700
这些男孩  跟所有青春期少年一样
and the boys, like teenage boys everywhere,

292
00:18:46,700 --> 00:18:50,880
当女生接近他们时  不知所措
aren't sure what to do when the girls come on to them.

293
00:18:51,960 --> 00:18:56,600
故作勇敢和不擅交际的完美结合
What a brilliant mix of bravado and gaucheness.

294
00:18:56,600 --> 00:19:00,120
四个男生中的这个
This boy here, the one on all fours,

295
00:19:00,120 --> 00:19:03,680
特别具备动物的本能
seems particularly in touch with his animal nature.

296
00:19:05,400 --> 00:19:08,640
我想这就是德加对当时盛行的
It's Degas' response, I think, to all the Darwinism

297
00:19:08,640 --> 00:19:12,280
达尔文学说及进化论的回应
that was in the air, these theories of evolution.

298
00:19:12,280 --> 00:19:14,930
这就是那块石头
And this rock here is the rock

299
00:19:14,930 --> 00:19:19,680
传说中  发育不良的斯巴达宝宝
from which Spartan babies were said to be thrown to their deaths

300
00:19:19,680 --> 00:19:23,520
都会被扔到这块石头上  活活摔死
if they were born weak or disabled.

301
00:19:25,320 --> 00:19:28,000
但男生和女生间的战争
But the battle between the boys and the girls

302
00:19:28,000 --> 00:19:31,080
并不是我们在此见证的唯一战争
isn't the only combat we witness here.

303
00:19:31,720 --> 00:19:34,600
横亘于过去和现在之间
There's also a fierce struggle going on

304
00:19:34,600 --> 00:19:37,610
仍有一场激烈的纷争
between the past and the present.

305
00:19:39,680 --> 00:19:43,440
德加有意挑战了
Degas is deliberately taking on

306
00:19:43,440 --> 00:19:47,320
一幅卢浮宫内著名的画作
one of the most celebrated paintings in the Louvre.

307
00:19:47,320 --> 00:19:51,560
一幅作于法国大革命时期的杰作
A masterpiece from the days of the French Revolution 

308
00:19:51,560 --> 00:19:54,760
大卫的《赫拉提誓约》
David's Oath of the Horatii.

309
00:19:58,920 --> 00:20:01,840
这幅画被视为宣扬新古典主义的
This is always held up as the ultimate piece

310
00:20:01,840 --> 00:20:04,920
巅峰之作
of neo-classical propaganda.

311
00:20:04,920 --> 00:20:08,000
勇猛的赫拉提兄弟  在这里
The heroic Horatii brothers, over here,

312
00:20:08,000 --> 00:20:12,480
愿意献出他们的生命来保卫罗马
are pledging to give their lives to defend Rome.

313
00:20:19,680 --> 00:20:22,660
但是德加大胆地进行了修改
But Degas, in this cheeky update, 

314
00:20:22,660 --> 00:20:27,400
巧妙地回应了大卫的创作
deliberately and cunningly echoes David's composition.

315
00:20:27,400 --> 00:20:30,880
每个人见到这幅画都会有种似曾相识之感
And everybody looking at this would have seen it immediately.

316
00:20:32,400 --> 00:20:36,520
他们一定注意到了  德加的斯巴达女孩们
And they'd have noticed, too, how Degas' Spartan girls

317
00:20:36,520 --> 00:20:40,720
看起来就像蒙马特区的现代少女
look exactly like the wispy, modern girls of Montmartre.

318
00:20:42,080 --> 00:20:45,280
如此的现代开放
So much more contemporary and liberated

319
00:20:45,280 --> 00:20:49,200
比大卫那些硬邦邦的罗马人生动无数倍
and alive than David's frozen Romans.

320
00:20:50,120 --> 00:20:52,360
在这场有关现实的战斗中
In the battle of realities,

321
00:20:52,360 --> 00:20:56,960
古罗马  零分  现代  得一分
it's ancient Rome, nil, the modern world, one.

322
00:21:07,520 --> 00:21:13,040
还记得德加作品里的那种灵动飘逸吗
You know that floaty, ethereal quality you get with Degas' art?

323
00:21:13,040 --> 00:21:16,680
颜色上的那层朦胧感
The pulsing fogs of colour?

324
00:21:16,680 --> 00:21:18,960
斯巴达女孩中运用了一些
There's a bit of it in the Spartan girls,

325
00:21:18,960 --> 00:21:21,760
在浴中少女里用到了更多
and lots of it in the girls in tubs.

326
00:21:21,760 --> 00:21:25,330
这一效果  就来自
Well, that's the result of experimenting

327
00:21:25,330 --> 00:21:29,960
这些小小的魔法棒
with these chalky little magic sticks...

328
00:21:31,240 --> 00:21:32,800
彩色粉笔
Pastels.

329
00:21:36,120 --> 00:21:39,800
不仅仅是裸女  他作品中所有的女性
It's not just the nudes, all the women in his art 

330
00:21:39,800 --> 00:21:44,920
洗衣妇女  帽店女郎  芭蕾舞者
the laundresses, the milliners' girls, the ballet dancers,

331
00:21:44,920 --> 00:21:49,440
彩色粉笔都为她们染上了迷人的气晕
they all owe some of their intoxicating haziness to the pastel.

332
00:21:55,560 --> 00:21:59,240
彩色粉笔的学问大着呢
Pastels are rather mysterious.

333
00:21:59,240 --> 00:22:01,760
能绘出许多美妙的东西
You can achieve gorgeous things with them,

334
00:22:01,760 --> 00:22:04,560
特别当德加用它作画时
particularly when Degas gets his hands on them,

335
00:22:04,560 --> 00:22:07,400
不过效果也是因人而异  捉摸不定的
but the effects are elusive, dreamy.

336
00:22:07,400 --> 00:22:12,880
所以我想一探究竟  找到其中的真相
So I want to find out more about them. I want the facts.

337
00:22:16,520 --> 00:22:20,200
我来到了德加的专用粉笔店  粉笔之家
So I've come to Degas' pastel shop, La Maison Du Pastel.

338
00:22:21,820 --> 00:22:22,560
仍然开着
Still here,

339
00:22:22,560 --> 00:22:27,170
仍然卖粉笔  仍然被同样一户人家经营
still selling pastels, still run by the same family.

340
00:22:28,800 --> 00:22:30,230
我想问你一个很蠢的问题
I'm going to ask you a really silly question,

341
00:22:30,230 --> 00:22:31,040
但我还是要问
but I'm going to ask it

342
00:22:31,040 --> 00:22:32,720
因为虽然我觉得自己知道答案
because I thought I knew the answer,

343
00:22:32,720 --> 00:22:35,080
但不太确切  究竟什么是彩色粉笔
but don't really. What exactly are pastels?

344
00:22:35,080 --> 00:22:38,560
它们具体是由什么原料制成的
What makes them specifically these lovely things here?

345
00:22:39,280 --> 00:22:42,680
彩色粉笔就是一种颜料
Pastels is essentially pigment.

346
00:22:42,350 --> 00:22:46,010
{\an8}伊莎贝尔·罗奇  粉笔之家

347
00:22:42,680 --> 00:22:48,210
加一点粘合剂和不同种类的
It's pigment to which you add a binder, and different types of

348
00:22:48,240 --> 00:22:52,200
白色粉末和陶土  便会产生不一样的渐变
white powders, clays, to make the different gradations.

349
00:22:52,970 --> 00:22:56,280
用这种纯净的颜料
So you have the pure colour, the pure pigment,

350
00:22:56,280 --> 00:22:59,560
加上一点点粘合剂  我们这些粉笔的独特之处
with a little binder, and what makes Roche pastels specific

351
00:22:59,560 --> 00:23:02,000
在于其中粘合剂的含量十分少
is that they have very, very little binder,

352
00:23:02,000 --> 00:23:05,250
因此我们生产的粉笔拥有最纯正的颜色
so you have almost colour in its purest form.

353
00:23:05,250 --> 00:23:09,080
这种美丽的黄色  它确切的名字是什么
So, this is a beautiful yellow, what's the actual colour?

354
00:23:09,080 --> 00:23:10,960
是不是叫作镉黄  还是...
Is it cadmium yellow or...

355
00:23:10,960 --> 00:23:13,320
-是的  这是镉黄  -果然是镉黄
- This is a cadmium yellow, yes. - This is a cadmium yellow.

356
00:23:13,320 --> 00:23:14,950
要做出渐变色
So, to make the gradations,

357
00:23:14,950 --> 00:23:16,360
只需在其中掺入白色粉末
you just add a little bit of white,

358
00:23:16,360 --> 00:23:17,960
基本就是颜料做成的
and it's almost pure pigment.

359
00:23:17,960 --> 00:23:22,040
其实就是不同的颜色或者说不同颜色的黏土
All that is is essentially either colour or clay,

360
00:23:22,040 --> 00:23:23,800
按照不同的比例混合起来
mixed together in different amounts,

361
00:23:23,800 --> 00:23:25,770
形成各种颜色渐变的颜料
to make the gradations.

362
00:23:25,770 --> 00:23:28,440
能否给我看看德加经常用的那几种颜色
Could you show me some of the colours that Degas liked to use?

363
00:23:28,440 --> 00:23:29,460
没问题
Sure.

364
00:23:29,460 --> 00:23:30,950
欣赏过他的作品后  有一种颜色
The colours that stick in my mind

365
00:23:30,960 --> 00:23:33,360
一直在我脑海中挥之不去  就是蓝色
from his work are, of course, blues.

366
00:23:33,360 --> 00:23:34,490
蓝色...
The blues...

367
00:23:35,000 --> 00:23:37,960
在装蓝色粉笔的盒子中  可以看到这种
So, in the blues, you indeed have these types of blues,

368
00:23:37,960 --> 00:23:40,920
出现在德加的《蓝衣舞者》中的蓝色 
which you would find in the Blue Dancers, for example.

369
00:23:41,360 --> 00:23:43,550
那些是群青色
Those are ultramarines.

370
00:23:44,520 --> 00:23:47,480
如果我是画家  我一定不会吝惜颜料
See, if I was an artist, I would just put loads of it on.

371
00:23:47,480 --> 00:23:52,080
因为这浓郁的颜色  真是赏心悦目
Cos look...look at the depth of that colour, it's so exciting.

372
00:23:55,520 --> 00:23:59,320
还有一种颜色也是德加的代表色
You also have a colour which to me is very specific of Degas,

373
00:23:59,320 --> 00:24:01,720
就是鲜绿色
which is the vert vif.

374
00:24:02,880 --> 00:24:04,200
就是这种颜色
Which is this one.

375
00:24:04,200 --> 00:24:06,710
是啊  这种鲜艳的绿色
Ah, yes, the gorgeous green.

376
00:24:06,710 --> 00:24:09,400
欣赏他的画作时  确实常常见到这颜色
That you do find in his work.

377
00:24:09,400 --> 00:24:12,440
还差一种颜色  粉色  对吧
There's one missing here, which is the pinks, right?

378
00:24:12,440 --> 00:24:13,370
德加的《芭蕾舞女》系列作品中都有粉色
The pinks of all the Ballet Dancers.

379
00:24:13,370 --> 00:24:16,860
粉色  没错  亮丽的粉色
The pinks! Yes, the brilliant pinks.

380
00:24:17,640 --> 00:24:19,760
就是这些了
You have them here.

381
00:24:21,860 --> 00:24:23,960
当你面对这种形式的颜料
See, when you see them in this form,

382
00:24:23,960 --> 00:24:27,370
当你面对这样缤纷多彩的粉笔
you see a pile of pastels like this,

383
00:24:27,370 --> 00:24:30,760
你会感觉到  粉笔中的色彩似乎在歌唱
you can see how the colours in pastels seem to sing

384
00:24:30,760 --> 00:24:33,190
而其他形式的颜料却没有这样的效果  是吧
in a way that they don't with other media, don't they?

385
00:24:33,190 --> 00:24:36,490
没错  很多人都这么说
Yes. Actually, that's what I often hear,

386
00:24:36,490 --> 00:24:38,260
粉笔中的色彩似乎在歌唱
that the colours sing.

387
00:24:38,260 --> 00:24:42,400
造成粉笔与其他种类颜料差异的根本原因是
It's essentially because compared to other types of media,

388
00:24:42,400 --> 00:24:45,320
粉笔中不掺任何杂质  是最纯正的
you have the pigment in its purest form.

389
00:24:48,600 --> 00:24:49,880
好好看看这些
Look at that, you see,

390
00:24:49,880 --> 00:24:53,600
多么纯正的颜料  是不是很绚丽
it's just pure pigment, isn't it, it's just gorgeous.

391
00:24:53,600 --> 00:24:55,710
让我来试试看这种蓝色的效果
Look I'm going to try that blue there,

392
00:24:55,710 --> 00:24:57,920
这就是德加常用的蓝色  对吧  瞧啊
that's Degas blue, isn't it? Look at that!

393
00:24:57,920 --> 00:25:01,160
再试试这种  它有着非常特别的质地
Try this one as well, that has a really specific texture.

394
00:25:02,640 --> 00:25:04,730
它的质感简直令人迷醉
It's got this intoxicating quality, hasn't it?

395
00:25:18,860 --> 00:25:22,650
{\an8}歌剧院

396
00:25:24,440 --> 00:25:27,440
德加对女人观察得最细致入微的场所
Degas's most intense examination of women,

397
00:25:27,440 --> 00:25:30,440
让他的窥视癖得到最大程度满足的地方
his most productive voyeurism,

398
00:25:30,440 --> 00:25:34,120
并不是澡盆旁或是斯巴达的草坪上
took place not in a bathtub or in Sparta,

399
00:25:34,120 --> 00:25:36,800
而是在剧院的包厢之中
but from a box in the theatre,

400
00:25:36,800 --> 00:25:39,480
他很喜欢坐在包厢中欣赏芭蕾舞
from where he loved to watch the ballet.

401
00:25:51,640 --> 00:25:55,640
德加是巴黎歌剧院的常客
Degas was a regular here at the Paris Opera, the Palais Garnier,

402
00:25:55,640 --> 00:25:58,200
这座剧院于1875年开门迎客
which opened in 1875

403
00:25:58,200 --> 00:26:00,920
人们很快便趋之若鹜
and quickly became THE place to go.

404
00:26:03,400 --> 00:26:06,700
剧院基本由水晶和镜子构成
It was built chiefly from crystal and mirrors,

405
00:26:06,700 --> 00:26:08,280
至少看上去是如此
or so it seemed.

406
00:26:08,530 --> 00:26:10,800
这里巴洛克风格的装饰物太多了
There was enough baroque ornament in here

407
00:26:10,800 --> 00:26:13,240
足以将整个梵蒂冈装点得金碧辉煌
to furnish the Vatican.

408
00:26:18,560 --> 00:26:20,880
-先生们  你们好  -你好[法语]
- Bonjour, messieurs. - Bonjour.

409
00:26:23,950 --> 00:26:25,800
典型的资产阶级男性
The typical bourgeois male

410
00:26:25,800 --> 00:26:28,400
一周中会有好几个晚上在这座剧院度过
would be at the Opera a couple of nights a week,

411
00:26:28,400 --> 00:26:32,080
来这里欣赏歌舞并不是他们唯一的目的
and they didn't just come for the singing and the dancing.

412
00:26:32,080 --> 00:26:35,740
剧院中考究的露台  华美的休息厅
These elegant balconies and plush foyers

413
00:26:35,740 --> 00:26:39,880
让贵客得以翩跹而入  成为众人瞩目的焦点
were designed for parading in and being seen.

414
00:26:45,190 --> 00:26:46,800
-先生  你好  -你好[法语]
- Bonjour, messieurs. - Bonjour.

415
00:26:48,850 --> 00:26:54,840
而这片拥有2500个座位的观众席
While the auditorium itself, which could seat 2,500 people,

416
00:26:54,840 --> 00:26:58,080
则是为窥视狂们量身定制的
well...that was for voyeurism.

417
00:27:00,840 --> 00:27:02,870
19世纪的资产阶级男性
The ballet was one of the few places

418
00:27:02,870 --> 00:27:05,360
只有在观看芭蕾舞时
where the 19th-century bourgeois male

419
00:27:05,360 --> 00:27:09,360
才能既欣赏到单薄衣着之下的女性美
could admire lightly-clad feminine beauty

420
00:27:09,360 --> 00:27:11,400
而又不显得自己是好色之徒
without making it obvious.

421
00:27:11,400 --> 00:27:16,320
他们隐匿在黑暗中  窥视着
He'd just sink back into the darkness and peep.

422
00:27:18,080 --> 00:27:21,320
德加购买了巴黎歌剧院的季票
Degas had a season ticket to the Paris Opera.

423
00:27:21,320 --> 00:27:25,320
他对芭蕾舞与剧院如痴如狂
He was an obsessive ballet-goer and theatre groupie.

424
00:27:25,960 --> 00:27:27,880
他的许多最具独创性的画作
Some of his most inventive art

425
00:27:27,880 --> 00:27:32,160
就是他坐在巴黎歌剧院坐席上构思的
is set in the stalls of the Palais Garnier.

426
00:27:32,720 --> 00:27:35,280
有时  他会抬起头来
Sometimes, he'd look up

427
00:27:35,280 --> 00:27:38,240
目光越过管弦乐队  望向舞台的尽头
through the orchestra to the stage beyond,

428
00:27:38,240 --> 00:27:41,800
那里光影交织  展现着黑夜中的魔法
where the lights would work their nocturnal magic.

429
00:27:46,560 --> 00:27:49,680
但他多数时候都是坐在上面的包厢中
More often, though, he'd be up in the boxes,

430
00:27:49,680 --> 00:27:52,040
俯视着那些舞女
looking down at the dancers -

431
00:27:52,040 --> 00:27:54,340
看她们光芒四射  异常美丽
the shimmer, the spectacle.

432
00:27:58,230 --> 00:28:02,720
有意思的是  德加从不画著名的芭蕾舞女
Interestingly, Degas never painted the stars of the ballet -

433
00:28:02,720 --> 00:28:06,400
比如芭蕾舞女主角  或是名声在外的美女
the prima ballerinas, the famous beauties.

434
00:28:06,400 --> 00:28:10,160
他更愿描画那些平凡的舞者
Instead, he preferred the everyday dancers,

435
00:28:10,160 --> 00:28:13,620
芭蕾舞团中籍籍无名之辈
the also-rans from the corps du ballet,

436
00:28:13,620 --> 00:28:19,290
比如被人们蔑称为"芭蕾老鼠"的舞蹈学生
the students, or ballet rats, as they were disparagingly called.

437
00:28:26,830 --> 00:28:28,680
他也不仅仅是在画面上展现这些人的形象
And he didn't just paint them.

438
00:28:28,680 --> 00:28:32,480
1881年  在第六届印象派画展上
In 1881, at the sixth Impressionist exhibition,

439
00:28:32,480 --> 00:28:37,070
德加送去了一座雕塑  令所有人大跌眼镜
Degas astonished everyone by showing a sculpture.

440
00:28:38,170 --> 00:28:42,240
雕塑名为《14岁的小舞女》
It was called The Little Dancer, Aged 14.

441
00:28:42,850 --> 00:28:45,600
它是如此栩栩如生  令人啧啧称奇
And it was shockingly realistic.

442
00:28:46,730 --> 00:28:51,840
他用蜡塑造小女孩的形象  涂上逼真的颜色
He'd made it out of wax, painted to look so lifelike,

443
00:28:51,840 --> 00:28:55,280
粘上真正的头发  真正的衣服
with real hair, real clothes.

444
00:28:55,280 --> 00:28:58,760
他甚至用一条真正的发带来固定雕塑的头发
He'd even tied her hair with a real ribbon,

445
00:28:58,760 --> 00:29:00,880
而那发带正是模特送给他的
given to him by the model.

446
00:29:04,600 --> 00:29:09,520
现在我们只能在博物馆看到用铜铸成的复制品
These days, in museums, you can only see bronze casts of it.

447
00:29:09,520 --> 00:29:11,050
它们也非常美丽
They're very beautiful,

448
00:29:11,610 --> 00:29:15,960
但却远不如手工上色的蜡质芭蕾舞者
but they're not as spooky or as revolutionary or as lifelike

449
00:29:15,960 --> 00:29:21,250
那么古怪  那么新奇  那么栩栩如生
as a hand-painted waxwork ballet dancer must have seemed.

450
00:29:22,600 --> 00:29:25,500
这座雕塑的模特就是位典型的巴黎底层舞者
The model was a typical Parisian rat,

451
00:29:25,500 --> 00:29:27,800
她名叫玛丽·范·歌德
called Marie van Goethem.

452
00:29:27,800 --> 00:29:31,090
她的老家在比利时
She was originally from Belgium,

453
00:29:31,090 --> 00:29:33,000
而德加照着她的模样塑造雕塑时
and when Degas began sculpting her,

454
00:29:33,000 --> 00:29:36,360
正如雕塑的名字中所写  她年仅14岁
as the title says, she was just 14,

455
00:29:36,360 --> 00:29:38,940
那时她是歌剧院的一名舞蹈学生
a ballet student at the Opera.

456
00:29:41,440 --> 00:29:44,100
玛丽住的地方离德加的住所很近
Marie lived around the corner from Degas,

457
00:29:44,100 --> 00:29:45,920
近到转过街角就到了
literally around the corner.

458
00:29:44,090 --> 00:29:46,000
{\an8}杜埃大街

459
00:29:46,590 --> 00:29:49,480
这是她家所在的大街  杜埃大街
This was her street, the Rue de Douai,

460
00:29:49,480 --> 00:29:52,160
而德加住在这条街上  喷泉大街
and this was his, the Rue Fontaine.

461
00:29:53,200 --> 00:29:55,640
像其他底层舞者一样
Like most of the ballet rats,

462
00:29:55,640 --> 00:29:59,240
她也来自一个贫穷而破败的家庭
she came from a poor and disreputable family.

463
00:29:59,240 --> 00:30:03,440
人们纷纷议论她的品行  一时流言四起
Various rumours circulated about her behaviour.

464
00:30:03,440 --> 00:30:06,840
说她邋遢  说她粗俗
She was slovenly, they said, coarse.

465
00:30:08,840 --> 00:30:12,480
玛丽经常跑到德加的画室去做模特
Marie would pop round to Degas' studio and pose for him.

466
00:30:12,480 --> 00:30:16,480
她为自己拥有一头亮丽的长发而非常自豪
She had beautiful long hair that she was very proud of

467
00:30:16,480 --> 00:30:19,960
当她跳起舞来  她会扬起下巴
and when she danced, she'd stick out her chin

468
00:30:19,960 --> 00:30:22,840
这样一来  长发便从后背倾泻而下
so that her hair fell down her back.

469
00:30:24,480 --> 00:30:28,480
德加的画作中也能看到她的这种形象
You can see her doing that in a couple of his paintings, as well.

470
00:30:28,480 --> 00:30:32,520
这就是玛丽  带着她标志性的头发和下巴
There's Marie with the hair and the chin.

471
00:30:33,800 --> 00:30:37,280
德加让她为自己的雕塑摆出的造型
Now this position he forces her into in the sculpture

472
00:30:37,280 --> 00:30:40,360
难度很大  且一点也不自然
is very difficult and unnatural.

473
00:30:40,360 --> 00:30:44,840
他让她把手臂向后伸到极限
He'd pull her hands back as far as they'd go

474
00:30:44,840 --> 00:30:48,880
并让她将下巴扬起得再高些
and tell her to stick her chin up even higher.

475
00:30:48,880 --> 00:30:53,560
而她的双脚也呈现出非常奇怪的姿势
And her feet were planted weirdly, just so.

476
00:30:53,560 --> 00:30:59,080
这既不是什么舞蹈姿势  也不是练功的姿势
Now, this isn't a dance position, it's not a practice position.

477
00:30:59,080 --> 00:31:00,400
究竟有什么寓意呢
So what is it?

478
00:31:02,680 --> 00:31:06,160
第六届印象派画展的评论家们
The critics reviewing the sixth Impressionist exhibition

479
00:31:06,160 --> 00:31:08,000
也是一头雾水
were baffled too.

480
00:31:08,480 --> 00:31:11,880
这位底层舞者似乎饱含新生的力量
"This opera rat has something of the foetus about her,"

481
00:31:11,880 --> 00:31:15,920
艾莉·杜蒙在《文明报》中写道
mooned Ellie Dumont in La Civilisation.

482
00:31:15,920 --> 00:31:20,400
让人想将她做成标本保存下来
"And one is tempted to enclose her in a jar of alcohol."

483
00:31:21,440 --> 00:31:25,440
《美术评论报》更是出言不逊
The Gazette Des Beaux-Arts was even nastier about the sculpture.

484
00:31:25,440 --> 00:31:27,360
它刊载了这样一条评论  可怜的小姑娘
"This poor little girl," it spat,

485
00:31:27,360 --> 00:31:29,320
和刚出生的老鼠没两样
"Is like an incipient rat,

486
00:31:29,320 --> 00:31:34,120
将她那小小的口鼻使劲向前拱
who thrusts her little muzzle forward with bestial effrontery."

487
00:31:36,560 --> 00:31:38,800
这种想法令人惊愕不已
Now there's a startling thought.

488
00:31:38,800 --> 00:31:40,760
德加是否真的是故意
Was Degas deliberately trying

489
00:31:40,760 --> 00:31:44,750
将这位底层舞者塑造得像只老鼠
to make his little ballet rat look like a rat?

490
00:31:45,690 --> 00:31:49,630
《小舞女》中是否蕴含着
Is the Little Dancer a cruel Darwinian pun

491
00:31:49,640 --> 00:31:54,620
残忍的进化论意义
motivated by harsh and disparaging evolutionary views?

492
00:31:55,040 --> 00:32:00,390
但愿不是  但我不得不心存怀疑
I hope not, but I can't shake off the suspicion that it might be.

493
00:32:09,760 --> 00:32:14,620
德加喜欢出没于资产阶级黑暗而私人的空间中
Degas was a haunter of dark and private bourgeois spaces -

494
00:32:14,850 --> 00:32:16,400
比如卧室的门口
the bedroom doorway,

495
00:32:17,030 --> 00:32:19,000
剧院的包厢
the box at the theatre.

496
00:32:19,900 --> 00:32:23,840
但我们无法跟随他领略在街道上演的戏码
What you don't get with him is the theatre of the streets.

497
00:32:23,840 --> 00:32:25,400
要想欣赏街上的景致
For that you need to turn to

498
00:32:25,400 --> 00:32:30,040
我们就得去拜访另一位观察人物的好手
another of the keenest people watchers among the Impressionists,

499
00:32:30,040 --> 00:32:32,640
古斯塔夫·卡勒波特
Gustav Caillebotte.

500
00:32:34,680 --> 00:32:37,000
这是卡勒波特的作品
Caillebotte painted this.

501
00:32:37,770 --> 00:32:38,960
这也是
And this.

502
00:32:40,120 --> 00:32:42,420
甚至这幅也是
And even this.

503
00:32:43,800 --> 00:32:47,400
照理说  他的名气真应该再大一些
So he really ought to be much better known than he is.

504
00:32:50,190 --> 00:32:54,680
卡勒波特与众不同的一点是  他很富有
Caillebotte was unusual because he was so rich.

505
00:32:54,680 --> 00:32:56,630
印象派画家大多出身于
Most of the Impressionists came from

506
00:32:56,630 --> 00:32:59,560
资产阶级的最底层
the petit end of the bourgeois scale.

507
00:32:59,560 --> 00:33:01,600
莫奈的父亲是位杂货商
Monet's father was a grocer,

508
00:33:01,600 --> 00:33:04,200
雷诺阿的父亲是位裁缝
Renoir's, a tailor.

509
00:33:04,200 --> 00:33:08,320
德加的家庭出身当然要高贵一些
The Degas' of course were of higher stock,

510
00:33:08,320 --> 00:33:10,680
但却并非如他们自己佯装得那样高贵
but not as high as they pretended

511
00:33:10,680 --> 00:33:13,840
他们并不是能自称德·加的贵族
when they began calling themselves De Gas.

512
00:33:13,840 --> 00:33:17,360
卡勒波特却完全不用佯装高贵
Caillebotte, however, didn't have to pretend.

513
00:33:17,360 --> 00:33:21,840
他非常富有  地位颇高
He was VERY wealthy, VERY bourgeois

514
00:33:21,840 --> 00:33:24,160
且成就还在与日俱增
and VERY progressive.

515
00:33:26,680 --> 00:33:29,780
右边这位就是他  穿着背心  戴着草帽
That's him on the right, in the vest and boater,

516
00:33:29,780 --> 00:33:33,720
兴高采烈地参加雷诺阿举办的船上宴会
having fun by the river in Renoir's Boating Party.

517
00:33:34,710 --> 00:33:36,540
这是雷诺阿眼中的他
That's how Renoir saw him,

518
00:33:36,540 --> 00:33:38,770
与他眼中的自己大相径庭
but it's not how he saw himself.

519
00:33:39,840 --> 00:33:42,410
这才是他眼中的自己
This is how he saw himself.

520
00:33:44,240 --> 00:33:45,880
卡勒波特家族的致富之道
The Caillebottes made their money

521
00:33:45,890 --> 00:33:49,120
是向法国军队供应毛毯
supplying blankets to the French army.

522
00:33:49,120 --> 00:33:52,360
战事越频繁  他们家挣的钱就越多
The more wars there were, the richer they got.

523
00:33:52,360 --> 00:33:54,800
攒够钱后  他们便投资房地产
After that, they moved into property

524
00:33:54,800 --> 00:33:57,320
从奥斯曼男爵的手中
and owned that big house on the corner,

525
00:33:57,320 --> 00:34:00,640
直接买下了街角处的这栋大房子
which they bought directly from Baron Haussmann,

526
00:34:00,640 --> 00:34:02,640
当然这不是改造巴黎计划中的一部分
off-plan, as it were.

527
00:34:02,640 --> 00:34:05,920
卡勒波特的画室就在房子的顶层
Caillebotte's studio was up on the top floor,

528
00:34:05,920 --> 00:34:08,000
就是拥有阳台的那间
where that balcony is.

529
00:34:10,930 --> 00:34:14,880
他是家中的长子  本想当个律师
He was the eldest son and tried being a lawyer first,

530
00:34:14,880 --> 00:34:16,440
后又改行做工程师
then an engineer.

531
00:34:17,080 --> 00:34:21,790
但他的艺术天赋还是引领他成为了印象派画家
But the art bug bit him and he became an Impressionist instead.

532
00:34:22,320 --> 00:34:24,590
德加发现他很有钱  
Degas smelled out his money

533
00:34:24,590 --> 00:34:27,010
便介绍他加入了印象派的小圈子
and introduced him to the clan.

534
00:34:30,330 --> 00:34:33,080
卡勒波特家财万贯  娇生惯养
Caillebotte was so rich and pampered,

535
00:34:33,080 --> 00:34:36,880
为了方便自己来往于居所与绘画目的地
he'd have himself transported to his painting locations

536
00:34:36,880 --> 00:34:40,240
他特意设计了一种马车
in a specially designed horse and carriage -

537
00:34:40,240 --> 00:34:42,400
那简直是可移动的画室
a kind of travelling studio

538
00:34:42,400 --> 00:34:45,790
他在上面装满画布  安排好仆人
which he'd load up with canvases and footmen

539
00:34:45,790 --> 00:34:47,830
然后便惬意地上路了
and off he'd trot.

540
00:34:56,760 --> 00:34:59,880
就在几百码外的
Just a few hundred yards down here,

541
00:34:59,880 --> 00:35:01,800
欧洲桥这里
to the Pont de l'Europe

542
00:35:01,800 --> 00:35:05,210
他在这里创作出多幅作品
where he painted some of Impressionism's

543
00:35:05,210 --> 00:35:09,020
其视角的新颖程度在印象派中首屈一指
most inventive views of the new city.

544
00:35:14,300 --> 00:35:17,560
这是巴黎通往欧洲的新大门
This was Paris's new gateway to Europe,

545
00:35:17,560 --> 00:35:20,920
一条四通八达的铁路交叉口
a railway crossroads that leads everywhere.

546
00:35:23,500 --> 00:35:26,120
卡勒波特描绘出新兴资产阶级
Caillebotte shows the new bourgeoisie

547
00:35:26,120 --> 00:35:29,080
漫步新桥之上
strolling across the new bridge,

548
00:35:29,080 --> 00:35:32,490
接受各种新鲜事物的场景
taking in the new possibilities.

549
00:35:33,400 --> 00:35:37,000
这里  一个戴高帽的时髦小伙
Over here, a posh chap in a top hat

550
00:35:37,000 --> 00:35:39,840
看到了一个走过的妇女
notices a passing woman.

551
00:35:40,760 --> 00:35:46,010
她其实是个妓女  而他是个潜在客户
She's actually a prostitute and he's a prospective client.

552
00:35:47,120 --> 00:35:51,110
在这里  一个有思想的工人正在憧憬
Over here, a thoughtful workman dreams of 

553
00:35:51,110 --> 00:35:53,840
异地的别样人生
another life somewhere else.

554
00:35:55,760 --> 00:35:59,440
在欧洲桥上  一切皆有可能
Everything was possible on the Pont de l'Europe,

555
00:35:59,440 --> 00:36:02,040
不过只有梦中可见
but only in your dreams.

556
00:36:08,880 --> 00:36:13,760
卡勒波特在这里最伟大的作品
Caillebotte's greatest painting of the area was done just up here

557
00:36:13,760 --> 00:36:17,560
完成于都柏林广场
in the Place de Dublin, Dublin Square.

558
00:36:17,560 --> 00:36:22,040
即《巴黎街头阴雨天》
It's called Rainy Day At The Pont De L'Europe.

559
00:36:24,760 --> 00:36:27,720
新兴富人漫步于
The new rich stroll around the new Paris

560
00:36:27,720 --> 00:36:29,280
雨中的新巴黎
in a new spot of rain.

561
00:36:31,120 --> 00:36:35,240
看这城市是多么的活泼  整洁
And how crisp and clean their city now looks.

562
00:36:35,240 --> 00:36:38,920
开放  清新  而又令人兴奋
How open and airy and thrilling.

563
00:36:41,520 --> 00:36:44,760
画中的视角被刻意夸大处理
The perspective in that picture is deliberately exaggerated

564
00:36:44,760 --> 00:36:46,720
以使其更富戏剧性
to make it more dramatic.

565
00:36:46,720 --> 00:36:49,600
卡勒波特想让巴黎比看起来
Caillebotte is trying to make Paris look taller,

566
00:36:49,600 --> 00:36:51,450
更加高大雄伟
bigger than it really is,

567
00:36:51,450 --> 00:36:54,560
所以他用广角效果仰视它
so he looks up at it in a wide-angled way.

568
00:36:54,560 --> 00:36:57,200
相机也可以达到相同的效果
The camera can do something similar.

569
00:36:57,200 --> 00:37:00,520
看  如果你蹲下一点看我
Oh, and if you go down lower, look up at me...

570
00:37:02,920 --> 00:37:04,400
效果就是这样
...and there you have it.

571
00:37:04,400 --> 00:37:06,420
这被称为卡勒波特效果
The Caillebotte effect.

572
00:37:11,990 --> 00:37:15,190
卡勒波特很钟爱特殊的
Caillebotte loved unusual viewpoints

573
00:37:15,190 --> 00:37:17,680
深邃的  夸张的视角
and deep, dramatic perspectives.

574
00:37:19,000 --> 00:37:23,000
他的画愚弄你的眼睛  让人看得更深远
His pictures tease your eyes and stretch them.

575
00:37:24,560 --> 00:37:27,960
看他选择了多么奇特的绘画角度
What difficult positions he found to perch in.

576
00:37:30,620 --> 00:37:33,360
我脑子里浮现出
I have this image wedged in my brain

577
00:37:33,450 --> 00:37:36,910
卡勒波特坐在花哨的马车里
of Caillebotte being transported luxuriously

578
00:37:36,910 --> 00:37:38,680
被大费周章的从一地
from location to location

579
00:37:38,680 --> 00:37:41,440
载往另一地的场景
in his pimped-up painting carriage.

580
00:37:41,440 --> 00:37:44,760
往这里一百码  那里一百码
100 yards here, 100 yards there.

581
00:37:44,760 --> 00:37:47,570
但他最激进的几幅画作
But some of his most radical art

582
00:37:47,570 --> 00:37:50,360
却不需任何奔波
was painted without going anywhere.

583
00:37:50,360 --> 00:37:53,080
就在这栋房子里完成
Back here in the house itself.

584
00:37:56,610 --> 00:38:00,550
其中就包括印象派最伟大的画作之一
One of Impressionism's most striking pictures was made in here.

585
00:38:01,160 --> 00:38:05,960
它展出于1876年的第二届印象派画展
It was shown at the second Impressionist exhibition of 1876.

586
00:38:05,960 --> 00:38:10,200
当时的人们根本不能理解它
And people weren't at all sure what to make of it.

587
00:38:10,200 --> 00:38:12,160
现在的人们也是一样
They're still not sure today.

588
00:38:14,280 --> 00:38:16,600
这幅画叫作《刨木工》
It's called The Floor Scrapers

589
00:38:16,600 --> 00:38:19,720
描绘了三个小伙子赤裸着上身
and it shows three chaps with their tops off

590
00:38:19,720 --> 00:38:22,120
不停地刨平木地板
scraping away at a wooden floor.

591
00:38:25,080 --> 00:38:30,080
画中视角反转  动作坚实夸张
It's a tense, puzzling picture with its plunging perspective

592
00:38:30,080 --> 00:38:33,140
令人感到紧张且迷惑
and these wiry, dramatic poses.

593
00:38:36,840 --> 00:38:40,600
卡勒波特的父亲于1874年逝世
Caillebotte's father died in 1874

594
00:38:40,600 --> 00:38:44,040
留给他儿子一笔丰厚的遗产
leaving his son a huge fortune,

595
00:38:44,040 --> 00:38:46,600
所以卡勒波特二世  即现在说的卡勒波特
so Caillebotte junior, our Caillebotte,

596
00:38:46,600 --> 00:38:48,400
开始重装这所房子
set about altering the house

597
00:38:48,400 --> 00:38:50,320
而这幅《刨木工》
and The Floor Scrapers

598
00:38:50,320 --> 00:38:54,760
大概就是在描绘新工作室的翻新过程
probably shows the refurbishment of his new studio,

599
00:38:54,760 --> 00:38:57,520
即最顶层带阳台的那一间
the one on the top floor with the balcony.

600
00:39:02,840 --> 00:39:05,000
这幅画到底在讲什么呢
What's actually going on?

601
00:39:05,000 --> 00:39:09,320
其中一个正用小刮刀
Well, one of the men is scraping off the old varnish

602
00:39:09,320 --> 00:39:11,120
刮去旧漆
with a cabinet scraper.

603
00:39:14,360 --> 00:39:17,000
就是这种简单的小工具
One of these. A simple tool.

604
00:39:17,000 --> 00:39:21,480
这一面很尖利  你可以用它刮开地板
This edge here is sharp and you scrape it across the floor,

605
00:39:21,480 --> 00:39:23,400
把它磨光滑
smoothing it down.

606
00:39:23,400 --> 00:39:28,560
另一个人用的是这个  刨子
The other guy has one of these, a plane.

607
00:39:30,520 --> 00:39:34,000
他在刨平地板之间的接头
He's planing down the joints between the floorboards,

608
00:39:34,000 --> 00:39:36,560
让地板呈条纹状
leaving a stripy floor.

609
00:39:38,240 --> 00:39:42,160
这是艺术史上第一幅
Now this is just about the first portrayal in art

610
00:39:42,160 --> 00:39:43,960
以城市工人为主角的画作
of the urban workman.

611
00:39:43,960 --> 00:39:47,400
之前的画家画过田野里的农民
Artists had shown peasants in the fields before,

612
00:39:47,400 --> 00:39:49,720
但从未画过城市里的工人
but not city workers.

613
00:39:49,720 --> 00:39:52,160
这是全新的尝试
This was new.

614
00:39:52,160 --> 00:39:54,350
然而  关于这幅画有些问题
However, a couple of things

615
00:39:54,350 --> 00:39:57,760
一直困扰着我
about this picture have always puzzled me.

616
00:39:57,760 --> 00:40:03,520
比如说  为什么要把地板弄成一条一条的呢
For instance, why do they need to make the floor so stripy?

617
00:40:05,080 --> 00:40:07,800
为什么不直接把地板弄成
Why don't they just clean the floor...

618
00:40:09,440 --> 00:40:12,680
弄成大块大块的呢
..in big patches?

619
00:40:14,800 --> 00:40:17,040
我在YouTube上的一段
I found the answer on YouTube,

620
00:40:17,040 --> 00:40:21,520
摇摇晃晃的视频中找到了答案
preserved in full shaky YouTube vision.

621
00:40:21,520 --> 00:40:26,360
加利福尼亚的一个小伙子正在刨一块硬木地板
Here's a chap in California preparing a hardwood floor.

622
00:40:26,360 --> 00:40:29,040
我给那公司发了邮件  问他们
I emailed the company, and asked them,

623
00:40:29,040 --> 00:40:31,970
为什么要把地板弄成条状的
why do you do the floor in stripes?

624
00:40:33,130 --> 00:40:34,110
他们回信说
They wrote back

625
00:40:34,110 --> 00:40:38,320
那是为了保证整个地板是平的
that it was to make sure the whole floor was even.

626
00:40:38,320 --> 00:40:39,660
如果弄成块状的
If you did it in patches,

627
00:40:39,660 --> 00:40:43,280
可能会这边刨多了一点
you might plane down more of the wood over here,

628
00:40:43,280 --> 00:40:45,280
那边刨少了一点
and less of it over here.

629
00:40:45,280 --> 00:40:46,900
所以整个地板
So the whole floor...

630
00:40:47,840 --> 00:40:49,840
就会不平整
would undulate.

631
00:40:51,240 --> 00:40:54,120
我的另一个问题更加迫切
My other question was even more pressing.

632
00:40:54,120 --> 00:40:57,000
为什么地板一定要刨呢
Why is the floor being scraped at all?

633
00:40:57,750 --> 00:41:00,400
原来的漆不是好好的吗
The old varnish looks fine, doesn't it?

634
00:41:00,400 --> 00:41:01,920
漆基本是新的
It's almost new.

635
00:41:01,920 --> 00:41:04,160
地板看起来也很好
The floor's in good condition.

636
00:41:04,160 --> 00:41:07,300
所以为什么地板漆要被弄掉呢
So why is the varnish being removed?

637
00:41:08,120 --> 00:41:10,040
我想不出答案
I just couldn't work it out.

638
00:41:10,040 --> 00:41:12,590
直到我去问我的妻子  她是位画家
Till I asked my wife, who's an artist, 

639
00:41:12,590 --> 00:41:15,960
她说  如果这是他的新工作室
and she said, if it's his new studio,

640
00:41:15,960 --> 00:41:19,360
他一定想要地板尽可能地明亮
he'd want the floor to be as light as possible.

641
00:41:19,360 --> 00:41:22,400
工作室的地板绝不能是暗的
Studio floors are never dark.

642
00:41:22,400 --> 00:41:25,880
艺术家们总希望在工作室里
Artists always want as much light in there

643
00:41:25,880 --> 00:41:27,480
收集尽可能多的光
as they can get.

644
00:41:29,360 --> 00:41:33,440
这幅画不仅描述了赤膊上阵的
This isn't just a painting of the new heroes of modern life,

645
00:41:33,440 --> 00:41:38,280
现代社会主角  城市工人
the urban workman throwing off his top and flashing his torso.

646
00:41:39,560 --> 00:41:43,400
《刨木工》还有深层的含义
The Floor Scrapers has a hidden meaning, too.

647
00:41:48,800 --> 00:41:53,960
卡勒波特试图解释一些关于艺术本身的事情
Caillebotte is trying to say something about art itself.

648
00:41:53,960 --> 00:41:56,880
关于印象派的新兴艺术
The new art of the Impressionists.

649
00:41:56,880 --> 00:42:00,080
以前的作品太做作
The old art was artificial,

650
00:42:00,080 --> 00:42:04,120
色彩暗淡  颜料上得过于厚重
dark and covered in thick varnish.

651
00:42:04,120 --> 00:42:07,560
但新的作品  印象派作品
But the new art - Impressionist art -

652
00:42:07,560 --> 00:42:10,560
是自然的  真实的
is natural, truthful

653
00:42:10,560 --> 00:42:12,680
并充满光感
and filled with light.

654
00:42:13,790 --> 00:42:16,170
卡勒波特的室内杰作
Caillebotte's indoor masterpiece

655
00:42:16,170 --> 00:42:19,300
不只是对城市工人的赞歌
isn't just a tribute to the urban worker.

656
00:42:20,070 --> 00:42:22,220
更是对变革的召唤
It's a call to arms.

657
00:42:29,200 --> 00:42:32,600
印象派画展的目录
The catalogues for the Impressionist exhibitions.

658
00:42:32,600 --> 00:42:35,120
看起来很朴素  是不是
Humble-looking things, aren't they?

659
00:42:36,310 --> 00:42:38,760
不要被它们简单的外表迷惑
But don't be fooled by their modesty.

660
00:42:38,760 --> 00:42:42,480
这里记录着一场行为上的革命
These are records of a revolution in behaviour

661
00:42:42,480 --> 00:42:45,090
和艺术上的反抗
as well as an artistic revolt.

662
00:42:47,040 --> 00:42:52,000
看这里  贝尔特·莫里索小姐
And see here. Mademoiselle Berthe Morisot, a woman.

663
00:42:52,000 --> 00:42:55,120
女画家的出现  本身就是
That in itself was rebellious and different,

664
00:42:55,120 --> 00:42:57,920
打破传统之举
to have a woman in the ranks.

665
00:42:59,680 --> 00:43:02,320
莫里索的画总是能一眼就看出来
You can always tell a Morisot painting,

666
00:43:02,320 --> 00:43:04,240
因为它一定是
because it'll definitely be

667
00:43:04,240 --> 00:43:07,080
全场最豪放  最大胆的画作
the wildest and bravest thing in the room.

668
00:43:09,600 --> 00:43:12,320
看她疯狂的笔法
Just look at her crazy brushstrokes,

669
00:43:12,320 --> 00:43:16,400
在画布上摆之字形  就像闪电一样
zigzagging across the canvas like lightning bolts.

670
00:43:17,340 --> 00:43:20,660
这些跳跃的  有力的笔触
These flickering, darting paint flashes

671
00:43:20,690 --> 00:43:24,720
是印象派革命中最勇敢的标志之一
are some of the bravest markings of the Impressionist revolution.

672
00:43:25,170 --> 00:43:27,640
如此新颖  如此迅猛
So new, so quick.

673
00:43:31,000 --> 00:43:34,760
然而  贝尔特·莫里索有个问题
Unfortunately, Berthe Morisot had a problem.

674
00:43:34,760 --> 00:43:37,200
她长得是这样的
She looked like this.

675
00:43:37,200 --> 00:43:39,120
惊人的美
Stunning.

676
00:43:40,550 --> 00:43:43,640
她的美让男人痴迷其中  当他们画她的时候
She turned men's heads, and when they painted her,

677
00:43:43,640 --> 00:43:45,720
比如马奈这样
as Manet often did,

678
00:43:45,720 --> 00:43:47,760
可怜  愚蠢的人们
the poor, besotted chappies

679
00:43:47,760 --> 00:43:52,120
会把她想象成黑眼睛的蛇蝎美人
would imagine her to be a dark-eyed femme fatale.

680
00:43:53,640 --> 00:43:56,360
却忽略了她其实是位严谨
And they'd ignore what a serious

681
00:43:56,360 --> 00:43:59,680
有天分  而又富有洞察力的画家
and instinctive and insightful painter she was.

682
00:44:08,280 --> 00:44:12,760
莫里索尤其擅用白色
Morisot was particularly good with white.

683
00:44:14,120 --> 00:44:18,000
这种颜色极难运用和区分
Such a difficult colour to dramatise and differentiate.

684
00:44:19,360 --> 00:44:23,560
当一件作品像雪地里的婚纱一样新鲜清爽时
It's so hard to look deep when your work is as crisp

685
00:44:23,560 --> 00:44:27,240
人们很难看到更深层的东西
and fresh as a wedding dress in the snow.

686
00:44:29,200 --> 00:44:32,960
可是如果有人认为贝尔特·莫里索的画是
But if anyone imagines Berthe Morisot's work

687
00:44:33,040 --> 00:44:36,880
温顺的  居家的  漂亮的
to be docile or domestic or pretty,

688
00:44:37,540 --> 00:44:41,230
那他一定是站得离画太远了
then I'm afraid you're standing too far away.

689
00:44:43,200 --> 00:44:47,800
欣赏她的画最好的距离是  这里
The best place to look at her art is from about here.

690
00:44:47,800 --> 00:44:49,520
大概距离两英寸
About two inches away.

691
00:44:51,360 --> 00:44:52,830
从这个距离
From this close,

692
00:44:52,840 --> 00:44:58,210
你的眼睛会不可避免地接收到一种革命感
the sense of revolution here thwacks you between the eyes.

693
00:45:01,750 --> 00:45:05,560
本片中提到的另一位女画家  玛丽·卡萨特
Another female painter who appeared in these shows, Mary Cassatt,

694
00:45:05,560 --> 00:45:07,240
是个美国人
was an American.

695
00:45:07,240 --> 00:45:11,680
说实话  在为拍这部片子准备之前
To be honest with you, I didn't rate Cassatt's work that highly,

696
00:45:11,680 --> 00:45:15,680
我并不欣赏她的作品
until I started filming it for these programmes.

697
00:45:16,840 --> 00:45:20,560
我觉得她的画太甜美  太女性化了
I thought it was too sweet, too obviously feminine.

698
00:45:20,560 --> 00:45:22,800
我真是大错特错了
But how wrong I was.

699
00:45:22,800 --> 00:45:26,620
看她多么老谋深算  多么深刻
Look how spooky she is, how psychological.

700
00:45:27,560 --> 00:45:32,360
这些卡萨特捕捉到的感情的空白
That air of emotional blankness which Cassatt captures,

701
00:45:32,360 --> 00:45:34,920
这些你能感受到的
that sense you get with her sitters

702
00:45:34,920 --> 00:45:39,240
画中人陷入的深思
that they're on a far-away journey deep inside themselves.

703
00:45:39,240 --> 00:45:43,240
画中对于女性情感世界的探寻之深
These are insights into the emotional states of women

704
00:45:43,240 --> 00:45:46,960
{\an8}英国意识流女作家

705
00:45:43,240 --> 00:45:46,960
连弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫都会交口称赞
that Virginia Woolf would be proud of.

706
00:45:53,880 --> 00:45:57,760
现如今  卡萨特和莫里索广受赞誉
Today, Cassatt and Morisot are highly regarded.

707
00:45:58,490 --> 00:46:00,200
但这里还有第三位女画家
But there was a third woman artist

708
00:46:00,200 --> 00:46:03,180
也在印象派中占有一席之地
who played an interesting part in Impressionism,

709
00:46:03,180 --> 00:46:05,230
你可能从未听说过
whom you never hear about,

710
00:46:05,230 --> 00:46:08,200
即使她也一样  是个革命者
though she, too, was a revolutionary.

711
00:46:09,440 --> 00:46:12,420
她的名字叫玛丽·布拉克蒙  
Her name was Marie Bracquemond, 

712
00:46:12,420 --> 00:46:15,520
她是做印象派陶罐的
and she made Impressionist pots.

713
00:46:15,520 --> 00:46:17,960
我猜你们根本不知道有这种东西存在
I bet you didn't even know there were any.

714
00:46:20,730 --> 00:46:24,120
要发现玛丽·布拉克蒙有点困难
Finding out about Marie Bracquemond has been tricky.

715
00:46:24,120 --> 00:46:27,650
虽然她三次出现在印象派画展上
She showed in three of the Impressionist exhibitions,

716
00:46:27,650 --> 00:46:31,210
但很多艺术介绍都忽略了她
but has largely disappeared from the story of art.

717
00:46:31,720 --> 00:46:33,010
这是个错误  
And that's wrong, 

718
00:46:33,010 --> 00:46:36,160
因为玛丽·布拉克蒙是很出色的艺术家
because Marie Bracquemond was really good.

719
00:46:38,760 --> 00:46:42,840
她的陶罐有一种激动人心的美
Her pots are luscious and stirring.

720
00:46:42,840 --> 00:46:44,840
她尝试将印象派艺术家
She has just having a go at transferring

721
00:46:44,840 --> 00:46:47,480
在田园生活中的乐趣
the joie de vivre of the Impressionists

722
00:46:47,480 --> 00:46:49,400
转移到这些盘子上
from the field to the plate.

723
00:46:50,350 --> 00:46:53,510
将花园中的生活乐趣描绘于壁炉台上
From the garden to the mantelpiece.

724
00:46:58,000 --> 00:47:02,040
但让我感触最深的  却是她的画作
But it's Marie Bracquemond's paintings that intrigue me most.

725
00:47:02,740 --> 00:47:05,070
其中有一种虚幻的紧密感
They're deceptively intense

726
00:47:05,070 --> 00:47:08,240
充斥着一种寂寞感
and have an edge of loneliness to them.

727
00:47:09,720 --> 00:47:11,600
这是她画的一次野餐
Here's one of her picnics,

728
00:47:12,280 --> 00:47:15,200
画中完全没有体现出
to which Impressionism's joie de vivre

729
00:47:15,200 --> 00:47:17,790
印象派的生活乐趣
was clearly not invited.

730
00:47:18,520 --> 00:47:22,520
大家沉默不语  满面愁容
Where no one talks and everyone frets.

731
00:47:25,990 --> 00:47:30,520
布拉克蒙  贝尔特·莫里索  玛丽·卡萨特
Bracquemond, Berthe Morisot, Mary Cassatt.

732
00:47:30,520 --> 00:47:34,840
这是艺术史上的第一批伟大的女艺术家
This is the first group of impressive women in art.

733
00:47:34,840 --> 00:47:37,720
当然  之前也有出现过女艺术家
Of course, there had been women artists before,

734
00:47:37,720 --> 00:47:41,160
但是都是昙花一现  好景不长
but they'd been one-offs, who appeared here and there.

735
00:47:41,160 --> 00:47:44,290
印象派以其进步性
Impressionism was progressive enough 

736
00:47:44,290 --> 00:47:46,960
迎来了一批杰出的女艺术家
to welcome a gang of them at once.

737
00:47:49,560 --> 00:47:52,640
艺术史上迎来了全新的声音
An important new voice has arrived in art,

738
00:47:52,640 --> 00:47:56,800
表达着不同的思想  并有着独到的见解
with different things to say and different understandings.

739
00:47:57,850 --> 00:48:02,740
有些人觉得印象派很肤浅  但绝非如此
Some people think Impressionism was shallow, but it never was.

740
00:48:02,860 --> 00:48:05,240
在印象派女画家的手中绝非如此
Not in the hands of its women.

741
00:48:17,790 --> 00:48:20,040
你知道这是谁的作品吗
Do you know who made that?

742
00:48:20,040 --> 00:48:23,160
我要把标签遮住  让你们猜猜看
I'm going to cover up the label. Have a guess.

743
00:48:23,160 --> 00:48:27,120
到底是哪位著名印象派画家的作品呢
Which famous Impressionist made that?

744
00:48:27,120 --> 00:48:29,080
莫奈
Monet?

745
00:48:29,080 --> 00:48:31,120
毕沙罗
Pissarro?

746
00:48:31,120 --> 00:48:34,910
可能是雷诺阿  雕塑很是优雅
Renoir, perhaps? It is very elegant.

747
00:48:36,120 --> 00:48:40,830
事实上这是高更的作品
Actually, this was made by Gauguin.

748
00:48:41,460 --> 00:48:43,310
这是他妻子的半身像
It's a portrait of his wife,

749
00:48:43,320 --> 00:48:48,830
展出于1880年的第五届印象派画展
and he showed it at the fifth Impressionist exhibition of 1880.

750
00:48:52,960 --> 00:48:57,240
这可能是高更创作的第一个塑像
This is probably the first carving that Gauguin ever made.

751
00:48:58,010 --> 00:49:00,720
他是那种令人嫉妒的天才
He was one of those annoyingly talented people,

752
00:49:00,720 --> 00:49:03,960
擅长很多事情
who could turn their hand to most things.

753
00:49:03,960 --> 00:49:06,440
他前面半数的艺术生涯
And for the first half of his career,

754
00:49:06,440 --> 00:49:10,920
都在从事印象派创作
Gauguin turned his hand to Impressionism.

755
00:49:12,950 --> 00:49:16,040
很多人都误解了高更
People always get Gauguin wrong.

756
00:49:16,040 --> 00:49:18,060
传闻中说道
They've heard these stories about him

757
00:49:18,060 --> 00:49:20,640
他抛弃妻儿
deserting his wife and children,

758
00:49:20,640 --> 00:49:25,400
来到塔希提岛  和当地的姑娘厮混
running off to Tahiti and taking up with the native girls.

759
00:49:25,400 --> 00:49:30,230
他们却不知道  他去塔希提岛的时候
And they forget that Gauguin was already 43

760
00:49:30,540 --> 00:49:32,680
已经四十三岁了
when he left for Tahiti.

761
00:49:32,680 --> 00:49:36,320
他的职业生涯已经过了一大半
A big chunk of his career was behind him.

762
00:49:36,320 --> 00:49:39,240
在那期间
And during that big chunk,

763
00:49:39,240 --> 00:49:42,720
他是名印象派画家
Gauguin was an Impressionist.

764
00:49:45,240 --> 00:49:49,240
八次印象派画展中  他参加了五次
He showed in five of the eight Impressionist exhibitions,

765
00:49:49,240 --> 00:49:53,320
比雷诺阿都多  和莫奈齐平
which is more than Renoir, and the same number as Monet.

766
00:49:56,300 --> 00:49:59,720
这是他的第一幅自画像
This is his first ever self-portrait.

767
00:49:59,720 --> 00:50:01,380
画在了
Painted on the back

768
00:50:01,380 --> 00:50:06,340
印象派风格的毕沙罗花园的背面
of an Impressionist view of Pissarro's garden.

769
00:50:09,320 --> 00:50:14,300
高更的印象派风景画  非常细致低调
Gauguin's Impressionist landscapes are so subtle, modest.

770
00:50:14,400 --> 00:50:17,480
甚至有些过于低调  使其很容易被忽略
Too modest, almost. They're easy to overlook.

771
00:50:17,480 --> 00:50:19,880
很难想象这是他的作品
You'd hardly know they're by him.

772
00:50:19,880 --> 00:50:22,360
但这不是风景纪录片
But this isn't a film about landscapes,

773
00:50:22,360 --> 00:50:25,200
这是部人物纪录片
this is a film about people.

774
00:50:28,670 --> 00:50:31,240
而高更的人物画
And Gauguin, the people painter,

775
00:50:31,240 --> 00:50:35,560
风格十分特殊  饱含个人情感
is a very particular and intimate presence.

776
00:50:38,560 --> 00:50:41,390
慈爱的父亲  顾家的男人
Loving father, family man,

777
00:50:41,720 --> 00:50:44,720
为心爱的人作画
caring portrayer of those he was close to.

778
00:50:45,560 --> 00:50:49,440
特别是他的妻子和孩子
Particularly his wife and his children.

779
00:50:49,440 --> 00:50:54,420
高更为家人作的画氛围柔和  充满温情
Gauguin's paintings of his family are so tender and atmospheric.

780
00:50:54,720 --> 00:50:59,360
这幅画名为《睡梦中的孩子》
This one's called The Little One Is Dreaming.

781
00:50:59,360 --> 00:51:01,750
画中是他四岁的女儿阿丽妮
It's his four-year-old daughter Aline,

782
00:51:01,750 --> 00:51:04,200
在她的小床上安睡
asleep in her cot.

783
00:51:04,200 --> 00:51:06,200
我也身为人父
Now, I'm a dad, too,

784
00:51:06,200 --> 00:51:10,480
所以我能理解他描绘的是什么
so I know exactly what he's trying to capture here.

785
00:51:12,600 --> 00:51:17,540
小姑娘睡着了  沉沉地进入梦乡 
The little girl is sleeping, far away in the land of nod.

786
00:51:17,640 --> 00:51:21,360
她的父亲  带着强烈的保护欲俯看着她
While her dad looks down at her so protectively.

787
00:51:22,470 --> 00:51:25,230
你甚至可以感觉到他轻轻地
You can almost sense him pulling up her blanket

788
00:51:25,230 --> 00:51:27,040
把毯子盖到女儿腿上
to cover her legs

789
00:51:27,040 --> 00:51:30,850
并试着去想阿丽妮梦到了什么
and trying to imagine Aline's dreams.

790
00:51:32,220 --> 00:51:36,800
这幅画展出于1882年的第七届印象派画展
He showed it at the seventh Impressionist exhibition of 1882.

791
00:51:36,800 --> 00:51:38,210
并在众多作品中脱颖而出
And it stood out,

792
00:51:38,210 --> 00:51:41,040
因为其中蕴含着强烈的个人情感
because it was so atmospheric and personal.

793
00:51:42,040 --> 00:51:47,030
之前从没有人像这样画过睡梦中的小孩
No-one had ever painted a sleeping child like this before.

794
00:51:50,640 --> 00:51:53,200
那柔和的壁纸象征着
The floaty wallpaper seems to stand in

795
00:51:53,200 --> 00:51:55,720
她平静的梦乡
for the peaceful dream she's having.

796
00:51:55,720 --> 00:51:57,960
梦中有很多鸟
A beautiful bird dream.

797
00:51:58,850 --> 00:52:02,580
但这个小人  挂在她的床头
But this Punch figure here, dangling by her cot,

798
00:52:02,830 --> 00:52:05,620
有着一定的威胁性
he has something threatening about him.

799
00:52:06,350 --> 00:52:10,560
他是淘气的夜神  等着出来作乱
He's a nasty gnome of the night, waiting for his moment.

800
00:52:10,560 --> 00:52:15,280
但是没关系  阿丽妮  你爸爸在这里
But it doesn't matter, Aline, because your dad's here.

801
00:52:15,280 --> 00:52:17,330
他会保护好你
And he's watching over you.

802
00:52:19,570 --> 00:52:21,880
多么的柔和  多么的温馨
What tenderness, what warmth,

803
00:52:21,880 --> 00:52:24,960
多么浓郁的亲情
what obvious family love.

804
00:52:24,960 --> 00:52:28,720
这是高更的大儿子埃米尔的大理石肖像
This marble bust of Gauguin's eldest son, Emile,

805
00:52:28,720 --> 00:52:33,640
展出于1876年的第三届印象派画展
was shown at the third Impressionist exhibition of 1876.

806
00:52:34,990 --> 00:52:38,600
这是他的另一个儿子  长发的克洛维斯
And here's another son - the long-haired Clovis,

807
00:52:38,600 --> 00:52:43,440
在父亲最爱的酒杯旁安睡
asleep again, next to his dad's favourite tankard.

808
00:52:43,960 --> 00:52:47,840
可能因为偷喝了酒  而昏昏入梦
Dreaming, perhaps, because he's had a sip.

809
00:52:51,040 --> 00:52:54,480
这是梅特  高更的丹麦籍妻子
And this is Mette, Gauguin's Danish wife,

810
00:52:54,480 --> 00:52:58,640
画中的她  穿着根本买不起的奢华晚装
painted in a gorgeous evening dress she couldn't afford.

811
00:52:58,640 --> 00:53:02,640
这是她赊借来的  根本没有告诉他
And which she bought on the never-never, without telling him.

812
00:53:03,500 --> 00:53:06,240
但他还是用充满爱意的笔触
But he still turns her, so lovingly,

813
00:53:06,240 --> 00:53:08,800
将她塑造为童话中的公主
into his fairy princess.

814
00:53:11,140 --> 00:53:14,290
梅特来自这里 哥本哈根
Mette was from here - Copenhagen.

815
00:53:14,430 --> 00:53:17,970
她在巴黎当老师时  和高更相遇
She was in Paris working as a teacher when she met Gauguin.

816
00:53:18,090 --> 00:53:21,280
当时他是个成功的股票经纪人
And he was a successful stockbroker.

817
00:53:21,280 --> 00:53:23,080
她以为钓到了金龟婿
A good catch.

818
00:53:23,080 --> 00:53:25,000
但是梅特不知道的是
What Mette didn't know

819
00:53:25,000 --> 00:53:29,120
他已经被艺术这个蛀虫蛀到了
was that he'd already been bitten by the art bug.

820
00:53:29,120 --> 00:53:32,240
高更真正想成为的是
And what Gauguin really wanted to be

821
00:53:32,240 --> 00:53:34,080
一名艺术家
was an artist.

822
00:53:36,700 --> 00:53:39,060
可怜的梅特以为自己嫁给了
Poor Mette thought she was marrying

823
00:53:39,060 --> 00:53:40,420
一名受人尊重的商人
a respectable businessman

824
00:53:40,420 --> 00:53:43,520
她可以在豪宅里
who'd keep her in the beautiful dresses she wanted

825
00:53:43,520 --> 00:53:45,840
过上锦衣玉食的生活
and the beautiful homes.

826
00:53:46,310 --> 00:53:50,450
实际上  她嫁给了一个迫切希望
Instead, she'd ended up with a repressed Bohemian

827
00:53:50,450 --> 00:53:53,840
成为一名艺术家的波希米亚人
who was desperate to become an artist.

828
00:53:56,210 --> 00:53:58,820
梅特忍了他很多年
Mette put up with him for years

829
00:53:58,820 --> 00:54:01,720
看着他放弃事业
and watched him throw away his career.

830
00:54:01,720 --> 00:54:05,480
她为他生了五个孩子  直到最终
She bore him five children until eventually,

831
00:54:05,480 --> 00:54:09,320
无法再忍受他  为了艺术
unable to face up to any more of this artistic poverty

832
00:54:09,320 --> 00:54:10,960
放弃金钱的想法
he'd wished upon her,

833
00:54:10,960 --> 00:54:15,520
她离开了他  带着孩子回到了哥本哈根
she left him and came back here, to Copenhagen, with the kids.

834
00:54:17,120 --> 00:54:18,920
高更倍受打击
Gauguin was devastated.

835
00:54:18,920 --> 00:54:22,400
他的妻子抛弃了他  而他又很想她
His wife had deserted him and he missed her terribly.

836
00:54:22,400 --> 00:54:25,920
更想孩子们
And the children, even more.

837
00:54:27,200 --> 00:54:30,760
他跟着她来到了哥本哈根
So he followed her here to Copenhagen

838
00:54:30,760 --> 00:54:32,440
想要重归正道
and tried to put things right

839
00:54:32,440 --> 00:54:37,400
他找了份帆布销售员的工作
by getting himself a job as a tarpaulin salesman.

840
00:54:37,400 --> 00:54:41,810
将法国的帆布倒卖给丹麦人
Selling French tarpaulins to the Danes.

841
00:54:43,510 --> 00:54:46,200
高更擅长很多事情
There are so many things that Gauguin was good at.

842
00:54:46,200 --> 00:54:47,960
雕塑
Sculpture,

843
00:54:47,960 --> 00:54:49,320
绘画
painting,

844
00:54:49,320 --> 00:54:50,880
陶艺
ceramics,

845
00:54:50,880 --> 00:54:53,080
版画制作
printmaking.

846
00:54:53,080 --> 00:54:56,210
但是销售帆布绝非他的长处
But not at selling tarpaulins.

847
00:54:57,080 --> 00:55:00,090
在不工作的时候  他又开始了画画
In his downtime, of which there was plenty,

848
00:55:00,090 --> 00:55:01,920
当然他不工作的时间很多
he started painting again.

849
00:55:01,920 --> 00:55:04,360
用他冻僵的手指
And with frozen fingers,

850
00:55:04,360 --> 00:55:09,120
他记录下了当地寒冷却别有风味的景色
he recorded the cold but pretty local landscape.

851
00:55:09,120 --> 00:55:13,560
这是丹麦历史上  首次对于印象派的尝试
A first attempt at Impressionism in Denmark.

852
00:55:27,680 --> 00:55:29,280
这是他们第一次住的地方
This is the first place they lived,

853
00:55:29,280 --> 00:55:31,320
和梅特的母亲住一起
with Mette's mother.

854
00:55:31,320 --> 00:55:34,320
但是他们两个人互相看不顺眼
But he didn't like her, and she didn't like him.

855
00:55:34,320 --> 00:55:36,500
所以高更一家人搬走了
So the Gauguins moved on.

856
00:55:39,760 --> 00:55:41,800
这是他们住过的第二个地方
This is the second place they lived.

857
00:55:41,800 --> 00:55:45,920
梅特被迫重新开始教书赚钱
Mette had to start teaching again here, to make some money.

858
00:55:47,810 --> 00:55:50,160
这是他们住过的第三个地方
And this is the third place.

859
00:55:50,240 --> 00:55:51,680
现在看着很不错
It's quite posh now,

860
00:55:51,680 --> 00:55:55,320
但这里曾经是哥本哈根最破烂的地方
but this used to be the bad bit of Copenhagen,

861
00:55:55,320 --> 00:55:57,350
租金很便宜
with the cheapest rents.

862
00:56:01,880 --> 00:56:06,360
就在此时  1885年寒冷的春季
And it was about now, in the grim spring of 1885,

863
00:56:06,360 --> 00:56:10,880
高更正式创作了第一幅自画像
that Gauguin painted his first proper self-portrait.

864
00:56:11,880 --> 00:56:17,840
这幅作品微妙地表现了寂寞和疏离
A deceptively colourful study in alienation and forlornness.

865
00:56:22,120 --> 00:56:24,560
没人确定这是在哪里画的
No-one was sure where it was painted

866
00:56:24,560 --> 00:56:27,440
直到我多年前来到了这里
until I came up here a few years ago

867
00:56:27,440 --> 00:56:30,520
发现了这间位于顶楼的公寓
and found this flat,

868
00:56:30,780 --> 00:56:32,600
我才想明白
right at the top of the house.

869
00:56:36,400 --> 00:56:40,820
高更住在这里时  这里是阁楼
When Gauguin was living here, this used to be the attic.

870
00:56:41,050 --> 00:56:44,320
他来到这里进行创作  并思考问题
And he'd come up here to paint and to worry.

871
00:56:44,700 --> 00:56:46,340
他甚至给毕沙罗写了封信
He even wrote a letter to Pissarro,

872
00:56:46,350 --> 00:56:50,090
告诉他哥本哈根这边的情况很糟糕
telling him things had gotten so bad in Copenhagen

873
00:56:50,090 --> 00:56:52,080
他想在这间阁楼
that he was thinking of hanging himself

874
00:56:52,080 --> 00:56:54,490
上吊自杀
up here in this attic.

875
00:56:55,050 --> 00:57:00,020
这幅自画像就是在窗边完成的
And the self-portrait was painted by this window,

876
00:57:00,120 --> 00:57:01,800
就在这里
just here.

877
00:57:04,520 --> 00:57:07,760
那是一段多么艰难的日子
What rotten, rotten times these were.

878
00:57:07,760 --> 00:57:11,400
"我身无分文  日子过得捉襟见肘"
"I'm without a penny and up to my ears in shit,"

879
00:57:11,400 --> 00:57:13,080
他在致朋友的信中写道
he wrote to a friend.

880
00:57:13,350 --> 00:57:16,200
"我只能靠白日做梦  聊以自慰"
"So I console myself by dreaming."

881
00:57:17,960 --> 00:57:20,440
他在哥本哈根待了六个月
He lasted six months in Copenhagen

882
00:57:20,440 --> 00:57:25,000
直到梅特的家人将他赶走
before Mette's family turned around and asked him to leave.

883
00:57:25,000 --> 00:57:27,780
他对她来说  没有高贵的地位
He wasn't respectable enough for her,

884
00:57:27,780 --> 00:57:29,600
没有丰厚的基础
or reliable enough,

885
00:57:29,600 --> 00:57:31,560
也没有足够的金钱
or rich enough.

886
00:57:33,040 --> 00:57:35,640
高更赶回了巴黎
Gauguin hurried back to Paris.

887
00:57:35,640 --> 00:57:39,080
回去做一名印象派画家
Back to being an Impressionist.

888
00:57:39,910 --> 00:57:41,920
被家人抛弃的他
Having been kicked out by his family,

889
00:57:41,920 --> 00:57:45,720
可以无所顾忌地追求自己的理想了
he was now free to become all sorts of things.

890
00:57:45,720 --> 00:57:50,320
但他再也不是那个忠诚的丈夫  慈爱的父亲
But never again a loyal husband or a caring dad.

891
00:57:54,690 --> 00:57:55,960
在巴黎
Back in Paris,

892
00:57:55,960 --> 00:57:58,830
印象派画家  在为第八次
the Impressionists were preparing themselves

893
00:57:58,830 --> 00:58:01,760
也是最后一次画展做准备
for their eighth and final exhibition.

894
00:58:03,880 --> 00:58:06,370
高更希望通过在丹麦创作的作品
Gauguin was hoping to make an impact

895
00:58:06,370 --> 00:58:09,360
引起一定的轰动
with his new Danish paintings.

896
00:58:09,360 --> 00:58:11,690
他本可以一举成名
And he would have done, I'm sure,

897
00:58:12,110 --> 00:58:15,320
但不巧的是  这幅作品抢尽了所有的风头
if THIS hadn't been in the show as well.

898
00:58:16,640 --> 00:58:20,840
要知详情  且听下回分解
But you'll have to wait till the next film to see what happened,

899
00:58:20,840 --> 00:58:24,760
在下一集  我们将走到印象派的终点
when we voyage to the end of Impressionism

900
00:58:24,760 --> 00:58:26,740
见证后印象派的到来
and beyond.