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这个微小的南太平洋岛看起来不大像
This tiny South Pacific island may not look like much.

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但它曾经是一座耸立在海上的山脉
But it was once a mountain that towered above the waves.

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现在它仅仅是表面破碎了
Now it barely breaks the surface.

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它依旧吸引着一大群野生动物
Yet still it attracts a spectacular array of wildlife.

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有数千座岛屿就像这样
There are thousands of islands just like this

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分散在太平洋各处
scattered across the Pacific,

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都充满了生机盎然
and all are teeming with life.

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为什么太平洋有这么多的山脉变成这样?
So what has reduced the mountains of the Pacific to this?

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海洋火山

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几乎有7哩深
Almost seven miles deep,

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太平洋是地球上最深的海域
the Pacific is the deepest body of water on the planet.

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有时
But sometimes,

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海床会冲到海面
the seabed shoots to the surface.

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目睹自然界最珍贵的景象...
Behold one of nature's rarest sights...

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(MUFFLED EXPLOSION)

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(STEAM HISSES)

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一座新岛产生了
..the creation of a new island.

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在所罗门群岛的卡瓦察
This is Kavachi in the Solomon Islands...

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是世界上海底火山最活跃的地方之一
..one of the most active undersea volcanoes in the world.

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(MUFFLED EXPLOSION)

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(HISSING)

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在过去的100年里 卡瓦察出现在海面上只是近年来的事
In the last 100 years, Kavachi has emerged above the waves just a handful of times,

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迄今为止没有结果
but so far to no avail.

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强烈的海浪把它的成就散发出去
Powerful waves keep sweeping its efforts away.

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这是从空中所看到的太平洋一道景色
This is a view of the Pacific as seen from space...

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广褒的海洋几乎覆盖了地球三分之一的表面
a vast expanse of water that covers almost a third of the Earth's surface.

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今天 这里的广阔海洋只有1%是陆地
Today, only 1% of this vast ocean is land,

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很大程度上归功于像卡瓦察那样的火山爆发威力的存在
and much of it owes its existence to the explosive powers

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of volcanoes like Kavachi.

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赤道以北1500哩
1,500 miles north of the equator,

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或许是世界上最有名的火山群岛
perhaps the most famous group of volcanic islands in the world...

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夏威夷...
Hawaii...

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仍然是地球上火山最活跃的地区
..still one of the most volcanically active areas on Earth.

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这是基拉韦厄
And this is Kilauea.

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像所有火山 它探伸到地球的最核心
Like all volcanoes, it's plumbed into the very heart of the Earth...

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发源地有许多炽热的愤怒的岩石
home to a lot of hot, angry rock.

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从海床下面60哩升起来
Rising from 60 miles below the ocean's floor,

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这熔岩不停地流了25年
this lava has flowed nonstop for 25 years.

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(GLOOPING)

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在低坡上
On the lower slopes,

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熔岩移动速度每小时不少于100米
the lava travels at less than 100 metres an hour,

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稍许暴露出它那令人可畏的力量
betraying little of its awesome power.

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(CREAKING AND SPLINTERING)

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没有东西能存活
Nothing can survive

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就像阴燃的毯子
this smouldering blanket.

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外层冷酷了
As the crust cools,

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它依旧被下方流动的熔岩运送着
it is lifted by the lava still flowing beneath it.

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前进是毫不留情且无法预测
The advance is relentless and unpredictable,

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毫无征兆的改变方向
changing direction without notice.

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(FIRE CRACKLES)

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这里的路常被熔岩冲走
Roads here are regularly swept away

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有些路如今已被埋在35米的岩石下面
and some are now buried under 35 metres of rock.

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在过去20年间
In the last 20 years,

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超过200个家庭被基拉韦厄 火山熔岩流毁掉
more than 200 homes have been destroyed by Kilauea's flow.

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它不会在这停止
And it doesn't stop here.

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(ROARING)

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独特的岩石河投下峭壁
Rivers of liquid rock plunge over the cliffs

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流入水下
and into the water below.

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(HISSING)

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这是自然力量之间交锋的前线
This is the front line in a battle between the elements.

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(WAVES WHOOSH AND STEAM HISSES)

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多数熔岩在定下来之前一直不停地移动
Most of the lava is swept away before it can settle.

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一寸又一寸 岛在成长
But inch by inch, the island grows.

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(MUFFLED CLATTERING)

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海浪下面 交锋猛烈
Below the waves, the battle rages on.

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(SMASHING)

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熔岩碰上海水时 它燃烧在1000度以上
As the lava hits the water, it's burning at over 1,000 degrees Celsius.

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(SHATTERING)

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深处的寒冷洋流使其温度骤降
Cold currents from the deep send its temperature plummeting,

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释放蒸发伴随着爆炸结果
releasing steam with explosive consequences.

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(EXPLOSION AND SHATTERING)

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熔岩继续战斗
The lava fights on,

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但交火只一会功夫就结束了
but it's only a matter of time before its fire goes out.

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(EXPLOSIONS)

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喧闹引起了注意
The commotion attracts attention.

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但它要安全逗留在这还要一些时间
But it will be some time before it's safe to settle here.

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大量流进海里
Pouring into the sea,

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25年以来夏威夷熔岩几乎锻造了2.5平方公里的新陆地
Hawaii's lava has forged almost 2.5 square kilometres of new land

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in less than 25 years.

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它是冷又硬的岩石
It's cold, hard rock...

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凄凉 危险 贫瘠
bleak, threatening and barren.

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但这里有些开拓者并没有放弃
But there are some colonisers who just won't be put off.

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桃金娘花 原产植物 夏威夷标志
'Ohi'a lehua, a native plant and symbol of Hawaii, is among the first

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在新土地上率先茂盛起来
to flourish on this new land.

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这种细长的灌木能长到30米高
This spindly bush will grow into a 30m-tall tree,

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它鲜艳的花朵是各种鸟类的食物
its bright flowers food for a variety of birds,

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像这些夏威夷蜜匍匐植物
like these Hawaiian honey creepers.

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一粒种子究竟怎么在无土
But how on earth can a seed become a tree

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无淡水痕迹的地方长成大树的?
In a place where there is no soil and no sign of fresh water?

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桃金娘花长长的坚韧根部穿过缝隙
The long, tenacious roots of the 'ohi'a

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桃金娘花长长的坚韧根部穿过缝隙
wend their way through the cracks

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深入岩石深处寻找淡水和养分
and penetrate deep into the rock in search of trapped water and nutrients.

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探索把它们带往神奇的地下世界
Their quest leads them to a remarkable, subterranean world.

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(DRIPPING WATER ECHOES)

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曾经有熔岩流正好这里奔流而过
Once, a raging torrent of lava flowed right through here.

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当熔岩停止时 它就会留下...
When it stopped, this was all that remained...

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熔岩管
..a lava tube...

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乌黑
..pitch black,

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常年潮湿
constantly damp...

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非常冷
and very cold.

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(DRIPS ECHO)

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在这严酷之地有什么东西能生存么？
Can anything survive in this harsh world?

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令人惊讶地 是的
Amazingly, yes.

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细菌斑呈线状分布在墙上
Patches of bacteria line the walls, feeding on the minerals

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依靠火山岩石上的矿物为生
in the volcanic rock itself.

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但不全是这样
But that's not all.

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这是小眼睛大眼睛捕猎蜘蛛
This is the small-eyed big-eyed hunting spider...

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一个稀奇的蜘蛛名
a curious name for any spider,

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更不用说没一只眼有作用的
let alone one whose eyes barely function.

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但在完全黑的环境中有眼睛也无用处
But in total darkness, eyes are little use.

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虽然它看不见东西 但它会招待客人
Although he can't see it, the spider has company.

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稀有的蟋蟀爬上了岩石
Rare crickets scale the rocks...

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有时半透明的地蜈蚣和
..while translucent earwigs

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乳色的千足虫在搜寻食物
and milky millipedes forage for food.

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它们是洞穴专家
These are cave specialists,

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或叫洞生动物
or troglobites,

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一生从未离开过熔岩管
and they never leave the lava tube.

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随着时间过去 大部分都会失去眼睛和颜色
Over time, most have lost their eyes and colour...

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像这只植物加料斗
..like this plant hopper.

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它的尾部有个奇怪的功能
Its tail has a curious function.

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任何掠食者从后面咬它都会没事
Any predator biting it from behind will be left with nothing

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但一口刺激的 蜡质般的毛发
but a mouthful of irritating, waxy hair.

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这个地方静得可怕
This is a place of ghostly stillness...

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这对于小眼睛大眼睛的捕猎蜘蛛来说 肯定有利
a definite advantage for the small-eyed big-eyed hunting spider.

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因为它有超级敏感的腿毛
With its super-sensitive leg hairs,

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它能捕捉到最细微的空气震动
it can pick up the slightest movement in the air...

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它很早就感觉到蟋蟀的存在 在它靠近前有足够时间埋伏
..and it senses the cricket's presence long before it's close enough to ambush.

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猎物是稀少的
As prey are few and far between,

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也许上一顿吃已有一段时间了
this may be its last meal for some time.

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因为没有光 植物稀少
With no light and little vegetation,

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只有行家能在这生存
only the specialists survive here.

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但这不是所有熔岩管的情况
But that isn't the case for all lava tubes.

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夏威夷东南部座落着横跨赤道的 加拉帕戈斯群岛
Southeast of Hawaii, straddling the equator, lie the Galpagos Islands.

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同样在夏威夷 有些火山仍然很活跃
As on Hawaii, some of the volcanoes here are still very active.

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(WHOOSHING)

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最大的岛屿伊莎贝拉海岸线
The coastline of Isabela - the largest island...

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覆盖着火山石
is covered in volcanic rock.

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在这里的熔岩管里发现 一种非常不同的动物
Here a very different kind of animal can be found in the rocky tubes.

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(CHEEPING)

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加拉帕戈斯企鹅的幼雏
The chicks of Galpagos penguins.

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没有熔岩管它们就生存不了
Without the lava tubes, they wouldn't survive.

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凉爽又安全 熔岩管是完美的育儿所
Cool and sheltered, the tubes are the perfect nursery, protecting the chicks

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保护幼雏免遭外面极端气温
from the unforgiving temperatures outside.

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如果你是企鹅 这就是严酷
Unforgiving if you're a penguin, that is.

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00:15:12,760 --> 00:15:17,480
成年加拉帕戈斯企鹅能应付的事 幼雏却不行
Adult Galpagos penguins only cope by doing something the chicks can't yet do.

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它们要泡一泡
They take a dip.

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成年企鹅跳入从南极一路而来的寒冷海水里
The adults plunge into cool waters

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成年企鹅跳入从南极一路而来的寒冷海水里
that have travelled all the way from the Antarctic.

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谁说企鹅不会飞？
Who says penguins can't fly?

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这里有许多食物 大量的鱼群受到这里的
There's lots of food here, as schools of fish

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岩石组成的火山海岸的吸引
are drawn to the shelter of these rocky, volcanic shores.

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但父母外出捕鱼时...
But while the parents are out fishing...

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它们的幼雏只能独自在家
..their chicks are home alone.

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00:16:54,800 --> 00:16:57,839
回到熔岩管
Back in the lava tube,

155
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有东西在附近爬行
there's something creeping around.

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00:17:06,560 --> 00:17:11,040
一只白纹方蟹在打企鹅的主意
A Sally Lightfoot crab has penguin on its mind.

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(CHEEPING)

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黑暗中蟹无法确信它面对的是什么
It's dark, so the crab can't be sure exactly what it's up against.

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(CHEEP)

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(CHEEPING)

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这时它更多的是凭借触感
This time, it's taken on more than it can handle.

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这种遭遇要是早几天的话
Had the encounter been just a few days earlier,

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结果可能完全不同
the outcome might have been very different.

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蟹是幼企鹅的主要掠食者
Crabs are major predators of baby penguins.

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西方的远处 在所罗门群岛生活着
Far to the west, in the Solomon Islands, lives an animal

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一种依靠火山另一特性生存的动物
that depends on another characteristic of volcanoes for its survival.

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高温
Heat.

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(BURBLING)

169
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看到冢雉 也叫恒温箱鸟
Meet the megapode, also known as the incubator bird.

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冢雉非常卖力地寻找产蛋的完美地点
Megapodes work hard to find the perfect spot to lay their egg.

171
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要感谢岛上的火山喷泉
And thanks to this island's volcanic springs,

172
00:18:51,120 --> 00:18:54,359
地点只在沙下1,2英尺
that spot is just a foot or two below the sand,

173
00:18:54,360 --> 00:18:57,280
那里的温度是理想的33度
where the temperature is an ideal 33 degrees.

174
00:18:58,760 --> 00:19:02,920
但有些似乎并不热衷挖掘而是其它的...
But some megapodes don't seem as keen to dig as others...

175
00:19:07,120 --> 00:19:09,520
有时会导致冲突
..and this can sometimes lead to fights.

176
00:19:11,600 --> 00:19:13,200
(SQUAWKING)

177
00:19:24,280 --> 00:19:28,759
争端终于平息 胜利者产下了蛋
With the dispute finally settled, the victor lays an egg

178
00:19:28,760 --> 00:19:31,560
然后用沙覆盖
and covers it with sand.

179
00:19:32,920 --> 00:19:34,559
养育结束
Parenting over,

180
00:19:34,560 --> 00:19:38,759
冢雉把费时的孵化工作
the megapode leaves the time-consuming job of incubation

181
00:19:38,760 --> 00:19:40,559
留给了火山
to the volcano.

182
00:19:40,560 --> 00:19:42,640
(CHIRRUPING)

183
00:19:44,800 --> 00:19:47,839
当冢雉在火山高温中兴旺时
While the megapode thrives on a volcano's heat,

184
00:19:47,840 --> 00:19:49,679
回到夏威夷
back in Hawaii,

185
00:19:49,680 --> 00:19:53,280
这里的一个动物与兴旺恰恰相反
there's a creature that thrives on the exact opposite.

186
00:19:58,280 --> 00:20:00,720
莫纳克亚山
This is Mauna Kea...

187
00:20:02,640 --> 00:20:06,920
一座休眠的火山 夏威夷最高的山
..a dormant volcano and Hawaii's tallest mountain.

188
00:20:08,560 --> 00:20:13,840
难以相信这是座热带岛屿 山顶覆盖着雪
Incredibly for a tropical island, its peak is covered with snow.

189
00:20:15,600 --> 00:20:19,520
很少能生存在如此寒冷的高度
Little can survive at such freezing heights.

190
00:20:22,000 --> 00:20:25,320
臭虫不可能出现在这
Bugs blown up here don't stand a chance.

191
00:20:28,520 --> 00:20:33,119
昏厥或受困于雪中 它们缓慢地死去
Stunned or trapped in snow, they slowly die.

192
00:20:33,120 --> 00:20:35,720
(ICE CREAKS STEALTHILY)

193
00:20:41,480 --> 00:20:44,520
但不是每个东西都臣服于寒冷
But not everything succumbs to the cold.

194
00:20:48,320 --> 00:20:51,079
这个微小的动物是万寇虫
These tiny creatures are wekiu bugs.

195
00:20:51,080 --> 00:20:54,639
它们的细胞充满着一种特殊的防冻剂
Their cells are filled with a special kind of antifreeze

196
00:20:54,640 --> 00:20:57,319
使它们能生存在雪线附近
that allows them to live around the snow line.

197
00:20:57,320 --> 00:21:00,759
起初万寇虫以植物的种子为食
Originally, wekiu bugs were seed-eating vegetarians,

198
00:21:00,760 --> 00:21:06,159
但它们的后代已经适应了这种恶劣环境
but their descendants have adapted to this hostile environment.

199
00:21:06,160 --> 00:21:09,079
如今它们嗜血为生
Now with a taste for blood,

200
00:21:09,080 --> 00:21:12,240
它们是太平洋本土吸血虫
they are the Pacific's own vampire bugs.

201
00:21:14,920 --> 00:21:19,279
针般口器刺入已死或快要死的受害者中
Needle-sharp mouthparts pierce their dead and dying victims,

202
00:21:19,280 --> 00:21:23,520
不吸到东西是不会离开的
before they suck out anything that's left inside.

203
00:21:28,000 --> 00:21:30,559
从海床测量起
Measured from the sea floor,

204
00:21:30,560 --> 00:21:34,400
万寇虫的家是世上最高的山
the wekiu's home is the tallest mountain in the world...

205
00:21:35,960 --> 00:21:38,480
比珠穆朗玛峰还高约1公里
..about a kilometre taller than Everest.

206
00:21:40,080 --> 00:21:42,880
但它没有保持住记录
But it won't hold this record for ever.

207
00:21:45,200 --> 00:21:48,239
成长了数百万年后
After millions of years of growth,

208
00:21:48,240 --> 00:21:51,959
这座山以每百年20厘米的速度慢慢失去高度
this mountain is slowly but surely losing height

209
00:21:51,960 --> 00:21:56,120
这座山以每百年20厘米的速度慢慢失去高度
at a rate of 20 centimetres every 100 years.

210
00:21:57,400 --> 00:22:01,759
事实上 它绝大部分是扣在海床下面
In fact, it's so massive that it's buckling the seafloor beneath it

211
00:22:01,760 --> 00:22:04,400
并下陷到海洋里
and sinking into the ocean.

212
00:22:10,120 --> 00:22:15,720
莫纳克亚山在法属玻利尼西亚的 社会群岛上能依稀一瞥
Mauna Kea's future can be glimpsed in the Society Islands of French Polynesia.

213
00:22:17,840 --> 00:22:22,880
这些岛的山峰曾经比海底要升的高得多
The peaks of these islands once rose much higher than this from the ocean floor.

214
00:22:28,480 --> 00:22:31,719
自从火山从海洋中首次爆发以来几乎200万年
It's been almost two million years

215
00:22:31,720 --> 00:22:35,320
自从火山从海洋中首次爆发以来几乎200万年
since their volcanoes first broke through the ocean.

216
00:22:41,680 --> 00:22:45,240
侵蚀已洗刷掉火山本来的面貌
But erosion is washing away their volcanic cores.

217
00:22:54,840 --> 00:22:58,119
如今唯一的增长发生在海平面下
Now the only growth occurs just below sea level,

218
00:22:58,120 --> 00:23:02,000
在惜日山脉侧面斜坡上
on what was once the mountain's sloping flanks.

219
00:23:10,040 --> 00:23:13,759
浅海围绕着岛屿的基部
In the shallow waters around an island's base,

220
00:23:13,760 --> 00:23:16,960
珊瑚礁朝着海面升高
coral reefs rise towards the surface.

221
00:23:25,760 --> 00:23:28,919
太平洋里的一切构成
Of all the formations in the Pacific,

222
00:23:28,920 --> 00:23:32,160
这里暗礁中的生命尤为丰富
these reefs are by far the richest in life.

223
00:23:36,400 --> 00:23:39,919
数百种不同的珊瑚
There are hundreds of different kinds of coral.

224
00:23:39,920 --> 00:23:45,119
全由一种叫珊瑚虫的微小动物产生
And all are made up of millions of tiny creatures called polyps,

225
00:23:45,120 --> 00:23:47,480
彼此都覆盖着坚硬的骨架
each covered in a hard skeleton.

226
00:23:50,360 --> 00:23:53,120
暗礁是数千专家的家
Reefs are home to thousands of specialists...

227
00:23:54,360 --> 00:23:58,880
像这些淡绿连鳍唇鱼与周围的 雄鹿角珊瑚很协调
..like these razorfish that blend in to the staghorn coral around them.

228
00:24:04,680 --> 00:24:07,880
不只是这里的动物与环境协调
But not all animals here need to blend in.

229
00:24:13,600 --> 00:24:15,880
灰礁鲨
Grey reef sharks.

230
00:24:21,840 --> 00:24:27,320
暗礁的顶尖掠食者 这些鲨鱼在逆流中巡视海域
The reef's top predators, these sharks patrol the waters on strong currents.

231
00:24:33,440 --> 00:24:35,640
没有生活在这里的一切
But without all the life on the reef here,

232
00:24:35,641 --> 00:24:38,640
鲨鱼也不可能数量这么多
they could never exist in such numbers.

233
00:24:50,840 --> 00:24:53,359
此刻它们无所事事
They may be idle right now,

234
00:24:53,360 --> 00:24:56,280
但它们不会这样子太久的
but they won't remain this way for long.

235
00:25:09,000 --> 00:25:11,159
当夜晚降临...
As night falls...

236
00:25:11,160 --> 00:25:14,360
这是进食时间
it's feeding time.

237
00:25:34,280 --> 00:25:38,159
颚针鱼潜近珊瑚浅海寻找食物
Needlefish stalk the coral shallows in search of food.

238
00:25:38,160 --> 00:25:42,840
白天是掠食者 晚上成了猎物
Predators by day, at night they become the prey.

239
00:25:55,840 --> 00:25:58,399
时速20哩加速逃离
Speeding away at 20mph,

240
00:25:58,400 --> 00:26:01,800
颚针鱼让追赶的鲨鱼你争我抢
the needlefish give the chasing sharks a run for their money.

241
00:26:03,360 --> 00:26:05,600
要从这么多鲨鱼中逃脱很难
But it's hard to escape from so many.

242
00:26:40,440 --> 00:26:43,880
白天显露出另一种暗礁掠食者
Daylight reveals another reef predator.

243
00:26:55,400 --> 00:26:57,719
长棘海星
Crown-of-thorns starfish...

244
00:26:57,720 --> 00:27:00,040
珊瑚杀手
coral killers.

245
00:27:01,520 --> 00:27:03,679
爬过它们的猎物
Climbing over their prey,

246
00:27:03,680 --> 00:27:09,119
它们分泌消化液使珊瑚内部化为液体
they secrete digestive juices that turn the inside of the coral to liquid.

247
00:27:09,120 --> 00:27:12,159
然后它们吸出其养分
Then they suck out the nutrients,

248
00:27:12,160 --> 00:27:16,000
离开后什么也没留下 就像一个可怕的骨架
leaving nothing behind but a ghostly skeleton.

249
00:27:20,320 --> 00:27:24,800
只需几天 它们能破坏大块的暗礁带
In only a few days, they can kill huge swathes of the reef.

250
00:27:35,920 --> 00:27:39,800
幸亏珊瑚有个不讨人喜欢的盟友
Fortunately, coral has an unlikely ally...

251
00:27:42,440 --> 00:27:45,040
大法螺
..the Triton's trumpet.

252
00:27:55,440 --> 00:27:59,760
相信还是不相信它 这名掠食者在徘徊
Believe it or not, this is a predator on the prowl...

253
00:28:06,760 --> 00:28:12,320
这名杀手猛扑的动作只有加速 那时的时间才能显露
..its killer pounce revealed only when time is speeded up.

254
00:28:19,440 --> 00:28:21,479
一个不讨人喜欢的英雄 或许吧
An unlikely hero, perhaps.

255
00:28:21,480 --> 00:28:26,800
但大法螺在这些长棘海星身上 有无法估量的控制
But the Triton's trumpet is an invaluable control on these starfish.

256
00:28:29,040 --> 00:28:33,480
长棘海星不是唯一暗礁珊瑚的杀手
And the crown-of-thorns isn't the only coral killer on the reef.

257
00:28:35,400 --> 00:28:39,639
头部凸起的隆头鱼有着锋利的嘴
The razor-sharp beaks of bumphead parrotfish

258
00:28:39,640 --> 00:28:42,880
同样在削弱这生动的景致
also put a dent in this living landscape.

259
00:28:49,480 --> 00:28:52,399
一条鱼在一年时间里难以置信地 啃掉5吨珊瑚
A single fish can chew its way through

260
00:28:52,400 --> 00:28:56,080
a staggering five tonnes of coral a year.

261
00:29:05,320 --> 00:29:11,240
比隆头鱼小些 色彩艳丽的隆头远亲 同样在啃珊瑚
Smaller parrotfish, colourful cousins of the bumphead, are also at it.

262
00:29:15,960 --> 00:29:17,920
它们都有一点回报...
But they all give a little back...

263
00:29:18,960 --> 00:29:22,520
地上的珊瑚成了沙子
..as the ground-up coral comes out as sand.

264
00:29:26,400 --> 00:29:30,680
这是岛屿产生的另一种方法
This is island building of a different kind.

265
00:29:31,800 --> 00:29:35,199
所以一些太平洋最优美的海滩
So some of the Pacific's most elegant beaches

266
00:29:35,200 --> 00:29:38,040
并非出自名门
have sprung from a less than stylish birth.

267
00:29:43,440 --> 00:29:47,559
海上的时间似乎停滞
Above the water, time seems to stand still.

268
00:29:47,560 --> 00:29:51,199
但太平洋岛屿总是在变化中...
But the Pacific islands are always changing...

269
00:29:51,200 --> 00:29:52,800
即便是缓慢的
if slowly.

270
00:29:55,800 --> 00:29:58,240
这是大溪地
This is Bora Bora...

271
00:29:59,800 --> 00:30:04,079
有一座被称为“迟到的中年”火山
..a volcano in what could be called "late middle age".

272
00:30:04,080 --> 00:30:07,599
倾斜的侧坡滑到远处的海中
The sloping flanks have slipped further into the sea,

273
00:30:07,600 --> 00:30:10,040
把暗礁推离了海岸
pushing the reef away from the shore.

274
00:30:12,480 --> 00:30:14,240
一座浅湖形成了
A lagoon is formed.

275
00:30:15,440 --> 00:30:19,040
一片片是露出海面的珊瑚礁和沙子
It's a patchwork of coral outcrops and sand.

276
00:30:24,840 --> 00:30:28,679
受到周围海洋强浪的保护
Protected from the powerful waves of the surrounding ocean,

277
00:30:28,680 --> 00:30:34,160
各种动物都在这片宁静的浅海里得到庇护
all kinds of animals take refuge in these calm, shallow waters.

278
00:30:48,200 --> 00:30:51,240
有些从它们醒目的外表上得到宽心
Some take comfort in their bold appearance.

279
00:30:53,280 --> 00:30:55,840
另一些在珊瑚里得到庇护
But others take shelter in the coral.

280
00:30:58,440 --> 00:31:03,679
例如这些不爱动的 有个适当的名字 圣诞树管虫
Such as these sedentary and appropriately named Christmas tree worms,

281
00:31:03,680 --> 00:31:07,680
从平缓的洋流中过滤食物
filtering food from the gentle currents.

282
00:31:10,280 --> 00:31:15,040
对于大多数来说 整个一生都在珊瑚丛中度过
For many, entire lives are played out within the clumps of coral.

283
00:31:20,360 --> 00:31:22,119
花斑连鳍
Mandarin fish.

284
00:31:22,120 --> 00:31:25,679
它们中的一些居住在露岩
A dozen of them may inhabit one outcrop.

285
00:31:25,680 --> 00:31:28,479
雄鱼总是在寻找雌鱼
Males are always on the hunt for a mate.

286
00:31:28,480 --> 00:31:31,240
竞争是激烈的
And competition is fierce.

287
00:31:32,560 --> 00:31:35,719
起初的争执是有礼貌地警告
Disputes start with a polite warning.

288
00:31:35,720 --> 00:31:40,040
升起背鳍是后退的明确信号
The rising dorsal fin is a clear signal to back off.

289
00:31:42,640 --> 00:31:46,280
有时攻击腹鳍是唯一的方法
But sometimes, going for the jugular is the only way.

290
00:32:10,520 --> 00:32:15,160
战斗结束 到办正事的时候了
The fight over, it's time to get down to business.

291
00:32:16,960 --> 00:32:19,680
产卵是短暂
Spawning is a brief affair.

292
00:32:20,960 --> 00:32:24,360
然后卵就留给了宽容的水流
Then the eggs are left to the mercy of the current.

293
00:32:27,680 --> 00:32:33,080
礁湖的生命依靠来自开阔海洋的 海水每日冲洗
Life in the lagoon depends on a daily flushing of water from the open ocean.

294
00:32:35,520 --> 00:32:39,600
暗礁中天然缺口成了流经的通道
This flows in through channels formed by natural gaps in the reef.

295
00:32:42,000 --> 00:32:46,439
每次潮汐更替 充满碎屑和养分的泥汤河
With each changing tide, a soupy river of debris and nutrients

296
00:32:46,440 --> 00:32:49,800
从礁湖流到外面的大海里
flows out of the lagoon and into the blue.

297
00:32:54,240 --> 00:32:57,040
吸引着各种各样的生命
This attracts all sorts of life.

298
00:33:03,800 --> 00:33:09,400
一个定期访问通道的是轻缓滑行的蝠鲼
One regular visitor to the channels is the gently gliding manta ray.

299
00:33:15,560 --> 00:33:19,480
过滤漂浮在洋流中的极小生物
It filters out minute creatures floating in the currents.

300
00:33:38,440 --> 00:33:40,760
食物太多足够分配的
But there's more than enough to go around.

301
00:34:05,400 --> 00:34:08,600
啮鱼群带头...
Schools of snapper take the lead...

302
00:34:14,440 --> 00:34:17,520
一大群红梅鲷做着残羹的扫尾工作
..while a wall of fusiliers mops up the remains.

303
00:35:07,120 --> 00:35:09,399
掠过南太平洋
Across the South Pacific,

304
00:35:09,400 --> 00:35:14,200
时间不停地在岩石上施展着魔力
time continues to work its magic on rock.

305
00:35:16,040 --> 00:35:19,879
数百万年的侵蚀和渗透已经将莫皮蒂火山
Millions of years of erosion and sinking have reduced

306
00:35:19,880 --> 00:35:24,600
缩减成和小山冈差不多了
the volcanic mount of Maupiti to little more than a hill.

307
00:35:28,840 --> 00:35:31,639
最终这个小山冈也会消失的
Eventually, this hill will disappear too.

308
00:35:31,640 --> 00:35:35,040
到那时就会像这样...
And when it does, it will look like this...

309
00:35:37,120 --> 00:35:40,880
马太瓦 一座珊瑚环岛
..Mataiva, a coral atoll.

310
00:35:43,240 --> 00:35:48,800
升到海面上的珊瑚环岛暗礁包围着浅礁湖
Rising above the waves, a coral atoll's reef surrounds a shallow lagoon.

311
00:35:52,920 --> 00:35:58,520
曾经强大的山峰如今只有了海水
Where there was once a mighty peak, now there is only water.

312
00:36:05,880 --> 00:36:10,759
有数千座像马太瓦这样的珊瑚环岛 星罗棋布的点缀在南太平洋
There are thousands of atolls like Mataiva dotted around the South Pacific,

313
00:36:10,760 --> 00:36:15,440
它们的规模和形状由起初的火山决定
their size and shape determined by the original volcano.

314
00:36:31,120 --> 00:36:35,080
有些珊瑚环岛是圆的 它们的环形没有打破
Some atolls are round, their rings unbroken...

315
00:36:38,320 --> 00:36:41,039
其余的已经被洋流和地震弄得弯曲走样了
..while others have been bent out of shape

316
00:36:41,040 --> 00:36:43,240
by ocean currents and earthquakes.

317
00:36:52,480 --> 00:36:55,959
有几个跨径距离巨大
And a few span huge distances,

318
00:36:55,960 --> 00:37:01,760
实际证明了火山曾经的 规模和力量实在巨大
a testament to volcanoes whose size and power were once truly colossal.

319
00:37:07,720 --> 00:37:10,360
法属玻利尼西亚的朗伊罗阿
Rangiroa in French Polynesia.

320
00:37:11,680 --> 00:37:13,599
超过30哩宽
Over 30 miles wide,

321
00:37:13,600 --> 00:37:17,399
如果你漂浮在巨大的礁湖中心
its lagoon is so large that if you were floating in its centre,

322
00:37:17,400 --> 00:37:20,640
你看不到任何方向有陆地
you wouldn't see land in any direction.

323
00:37:25,840 --> 00:37:28,519
南太平洋中岛屿产生的故事
The story of land building in the South Pacific

324
00:37:28,520 --> 00:37:30,720
始于火山爆发
may start with volcanic eruptions...

325
00:37:32,240 --> 00:37:34,080
但并不会这里结束
..but it doesn't end there.

326
00:37:34,081 --> 00:37:39,359
这里曾经有一座形成岛屿的火山 但它沉回水下了
A volcano once formed an island here, but it sank back below the surface.

327
00:37:39,360 --> 00:37:42,600
如今它又再次上升
Now it's on the rise again.

328
00:37:50,120 --> 00:37:53,920
这是奇特的金曼礁
This is the extraordinary Kingman Reef.

329
00:38:05,880 --> 00:38:09,519
离最近的大陆超过3000哩
Over 3,000 miles from the nearest continent,

330
00:38:09,520 --> 00:38:13,680
这是世上留下最后的原始 状态的珊瑚礁之一
it is one of the last pristine coral reefs left in the world.

331
00:38:18,760 --> 00:38:21,919
这里的旅游和捕鱼是禁止的
As tourism and fishing are banned here,

332
00:38:21,920 --> 00:38:23,999
在人类到达之前
the reef is about as close as you'll get

333
00:38:24,000 --> 00:38:27,720
暗礁就比你接触太平洋要近得多
to the Pacific as it used to be, before humans arrived.

334
00:38:42,560 --> 00:38:45,799
这里发现的200种珊瑚中什么使金曼成为特别的角色
Part of what makes Kingman extraordinary

335
00:38:45,800 --> 00:38:48,760
这里发现的200种珊瑚中什么使金曼成为特别的角色
is the 200 types of coral found here.

336
00:38:51,440 --> 00:38:53,480
别的东西也同样
But there's also something else.

337
00:38:54,520 --> 00:38:57,640
它有助产生暗礁
And it's helping to build the reef.

338
00:38:59,000 --> 00:39:00,639
大蛤
Giant clams...

339
00:39:00,640 --> 00:39:02,600
到处都是
everywhere.

340
00:39:05,120 --> 00:39:08,440
比你地球上其它地方看到的多得多
More than you'll see on any other reef in the world.

341
00:39:26,680 --> 00:39:31,800
当大蛤产卵时 它们向海水释放数百万颗卵
When giant clams spawn, they expel millions of eggs into the water.

342
00:39:33,040 --> 00:39:37,360
要是一个开始了其它全部快速跟进
And when one starts, all the others quickly follow.

343
00:39:39,960 --> 00:39:43,600
海中如云般的充斥着生命
The sea soon turns cloudy... with life.

344
00:40:21,160 --> 00:40:24,279
大蛤能存活50年以上
Giant clams can live for over 50 years.

345
00:40:24,280 --> 00:40:30,440
他们的死亡是金曼礁产生的关键
But it's their death that is crucial to the creation of land in Kingman Reef.

346
00:40:32,920 --> 00:40:37,199
这里有几百米的珊瑚碎石和死去的蛤
These few hundred metres of coral rubble and dead clams

347
00:40:37,200 --> 00:40:40,800
成为海面以上金曼唯一看点
are the only visible signs of Kingman above the water...

348
00:40:42,200 --> 00:40:45,920
为过往的航行者提供一个 休息停留的地方
..providing a valuable rest stop to passing voyagers.

349
00:40:51,240 --> 00:40:54,879
最终 被洋流和鸟类带来的种子
Eventually, seeds brought by ocean currents and birds

350
00:40:54,880 --> 00:40:57,880
将使这里变成一个新岛
will turn it into a new island.

351
00:41:08,920 --> 00:41:11,000
一旦草木扎根 野生动物来临也不远了
And once vegetation is established,

352
00:41:11,001 --> 00:41:13,640
wildlife is never far behind.

353
00:41:20,720 --> 00:41:23,919
善于长途旅行的白燕鸥用岛跃的方式
Being good long-distance travellers,

354
00:41:23,920 --> 00:41:27,400
从这到法属玻利尼西亚
fairy terns island-hopped their way here to French Polynesia.

355
00:41:29,720 --> 00:41:32,639
这些蓝色的长尾吸蜜鹦鹉的祖先
The ancestors of these blue lorikeets, however,

356
00:41:32,640 --> 00:41:35,360
是被最早的玻利尼西亚人带来的
were brought here by some of the earliest Polynesians.

357
00:41:39,680 --> 00:41:43,840
这里被称作最后的蜜月终点
It could be described as the ultimate honeymoon destination.

358
00:41:48,840 --> 00:41:53,480
虽然这些海岸外的海域并不 总是太吸引人的
Though the waters off these shores don't always appear too inviting.

359
00:41:57,680 --> 00:42:03,239
黑边鳍真鲨已经适应了在这种 不足一英尺深的水里游泳
Blacktip sharks have adapted to swim in less than a foot of water.

360
00:42:03,240 --> 00:42:07,840
它们来到浅滩是为了捕食小型鱼类
They come to these shallows to hunt for smaller fish.

361
00:42:24,400 --> 00:42:28,399
像金曼礁 岛的火山自从消失后
Like Kingman Reef, all signs of these islands' volcanic past

362
00:42:28,400 --> 00:42:30,360
所有痕迹消失已久
have long since disappeared.

363
00:42:30,361 --> 00:42:34,040
但要是没有它 陆地也不会在这里开始
But without it, land could never have got started here.

364
00:42:40,240 --> 00:42:42,879
在太平洋西面
In the very west of the Pacific, however,

365
00:42:42,880 --> 00:42:46,080
火山有个帮手
volcanoes have had a helping hand.

366
00:42:56,200 --> 00:43:00,400
帕劳群岛 蜜克罗尼西亚的明珠
Palau - the jewel of Micronesia.

367
00:43:04,760 --> 00:43:10,640
由于太平洋有许多岛屿 其中的火山山峰依旧存在的
As with many islands in the Pacific, its volcanic peaks still linger on.

368
00:43:13,520 --> 00:43:16,520
海岸的远处是另一个熟悉的景致
Beyond their shores are other familiar scenes...

369
00:43:17,840 --> 00:43:19,720
堤礁
..barrier reefs...

370
00:43:21,160 --> 00:43:24,040
小型的珊瑚环礁
..and small coral atolls.

371
00:43:29,040 --> 00:43:31,559
但这里 有些东西是不一样
But here, there's something different.

372
00:43:31,560 --> 00:43:35,399
帕劳的暗礁从深处升起
The reefs of Palau have risen from the deep

373
00:43:35,400 --> 00:43:39,480
不像金曼那么慢，但出奇不意
not slowly, like Kingman, but suddenly.

374
00:43:43,520 --> 00:43:48,800
3500万年前 强大的地震迫使它们高高的伸出海面
35 million years ago, powerful earthquakes forced them high above the waves.

375
00:43:50,480 --> 00:43:54,440
帕劳的岩岛诞生了
And Palau's rock islands were created.

376
00:43:56,840 --> 00:43:59,600
有些高达200米以上
Some are up to 200 metres tall.

377
00:44:02,800 --> 00:44:07,240
暴露的峭壁如今露出岩石真正的起源
Exposed cliffs now reveal their rock's true origins.

378
00:44:08,640 --> 00:44:13,680
这是石灰岩 由压碎的珊瑚和古老的贝壳产生
It's limestone, created by crushed coral and ancient shells.

379
00:44:17,360 --> 00:44:21,960
自从地震后 这里发生了另一个大变化
Since those earthquakes, there's been another big change here.

380
00:44:23,440 --> 00:44:26,399
在最后冰川期的尾声
At the end of the last ice age,

381
00:44:26,400 --> 00:44:31,280
这片景致的巨大领域淹没在冰雪融化中
large areas of this landscape became flooded as the ice melted.

382
00:44:32,440 --> 00:44:37,280
在这个过程中 超过70个海湖产生
In the process, over 70 marine lakes were created.

383
00:44:42,680 --> 00:44:44,879
与外面的世界隔断
Cut off from the outside world,

384
00:44:44,880 --> 00:44:48,519
这些湖产生了一些独特的动物
these lakes produced some unique animals.

385
00:44:48,520 --> 00:44:53,359
其中之一是带长触手的海洋掠食者
One of these was an ocean predator with long tentacles.

386
00:44:53,360 --> 00:44:58,360
在这里它进化成了一个 无害的优雅的漫游者
But here, it evolved into a harmless, graceful wanderer.

387
00:45:02,640 --> 00:45:06,079
水母通常以小鱼为食
Jellyfish normally feed on small fish.

388
00:45:06,080 --> 00:45:09,160
但在湖里 猎物稀少
But in the lakes, there was little prey.

389
00:45:12,680 --> 00:45:18,920
所以它们的钟形物成了数百万微小的 光合海藻的家
So their bells have become a home to millions of tiny photosynthesising algae.

390
00:45:23,400 --> 00:45:28,479
暴露在太阳中的这些海藻会产生糖分
When exposed to sunlight, these algae produce sugars,

391
00:45:28,480 --> 00:45:33,040
转而提供给它们的主人作为食物
which in turn provide their hosts, the jellyfish, with food.

392
00:45:38,520 --> 00:45:42,879
如今，每天水母跟随着太阳在湖里穿梭
Now, each day, the jellyfish migrate across the lake,

393
00:45:42,880 --> 00:45:45,360
如今，每天水母跟随着太阳在湖里穿梭
following the arc of the sun.

394
00:45:52,760 --> 00:45:56,839
它们唯一的妨碍就是在游荡时偶尔银莲花会试图捕获它们
Their only obstacle, the occasional anemone that tries to catch them

395
00:45:56,840 --> 00:45:58,560
as they float past.

396
00:46:03,440 --> 00:46:05,800
有时会失败
And sometimes fails.

397
00:46:13,480 --> 00:46:17,879
因为危险很少而食物无限供应
So with little danger, and a never-ending supply of food,

398
00:46:17,880 --> 00:46:21,040
因而水母成倍...
the jellyfish have multiplied...

399
00:46:26,640 --> 00:46:29,160
成倍...
..and multiplied...

400
00:46:37,080 --> 00:46:39,080
成倍...增长
..and multiplied.

401
00:46:56,320 --> 00:47:01,800
让人难以想到帕劳曾经是一望无际的海洋
It's strange to think that Palau was once just a piece of endless ocean.

402
00:47:05,120 --> 00:47:07,440
但没有什么能到永远
But nothing lasts for ever.

403
00:47:12,840 --> 00:47:16,359
在太平洋里不停地上升和下降的陆地
The never-ending rise and fall of land in the Pacific

404
00:47:16,360 --> 00:47:21,160
将不断地产生像这里奇异而精彩的世界
will continue to produce strange and wonderful worlds like these.

405
00:47:33,320 --> 00:47:37,839
这一切的起源都是起初产生这里陆地的那股惊人的自然力量
At the start of it all will always be the incredible natural force

406
00:47:37,840 --> 00:47:40,800
这一切的起源都是起初产生这里陆地的那股惊人的自然力量
that created land here in the first place...

407
00:47:42,320 --> 00:47:45,080
海洋火山
..the ocean volcano.

408
00:48:07,840 --> 00:48:09,839
制作这系列片期间
During the making of this series,

409
00:48:09,840 --> 00:48:14,080
小组横跨南太平洋拍摄了许多偏远的地方
the team filmed in many remote locations across the South Pacific.

410
00:48:15,280 --> 00:48:20,239
这些与世隔绝的岛屿是一些 真正独特的野生动物的家园
These isolated islands are home to some truly unique wildlife,

411
00:48:20,240 --> 00:48:23,040
有许多在地球上其它地方找不到
many of them found nowhere else on Earth.

412
00:48:35,320 --> 00:48:39,519
生活在偏远岛屿是要付出代价的
But life on remote islands comes at a price.

413
00:48:39,520 --> 00:48:42,640
任何的改变都是灾难性的
Any change can be disastrous.

414
00:48:48,800 --> 00:48:53,640
这是小组来加拉帕戈斯群岛要面对面的事
And this is what the team came face to face with on the Galpagos Islands.

415
00:48:58,960 --> 00:49:01,279
加拉帕戈斯群岛相当的特别
The Galpagos are very special.

416
00:49:01,280 --> 00:49:05,199
当然这些火山岛让达尔文受到启发
It was of course these volcanic islands that inspired Darwin.

417
00:49:05,200 --> 00:49:09,199
这里存在世界上其它地方所没有的惊人的动物种群数量
And here, there are an astounding number of creatures

418
00:49:09,200 --> 00:49:11,960
这里存在世界上其它地方所没有的惊人的动物种群数量
that exist nowhere else in the world.

419
00:49:18,560 --> 00:49:22,439
特有的动物之一是加拉帕戈斯企鹅
One of these unique animals is the Galpagos penguin.

420
00:49:22,440 --> 00:49:24,840
为什么小组想要拍这
This is what the team wanted to film.

421
00:49:28,840 --> 00:49:32,679
近来它们的生存变得前途未卜
Recently, their survival has become increasingly uncertain.

422
00:49:32,680 --> 00:49:36,080
小组知道这会使拍摄十分困难
And the crew knew this could make filming very difficult.

423
00:49:37,320 --> 00:49:41,039
幸亏摄影师非常熟悉加拉帕戈斯
Fortunately, the cameramen had close ties with the Galpagos.

424
00:49:41,040 --> 00:49:46,799
理查德·维勒肯姆作为野生动物向导 在加拉帕戈斯工作多年
Richard Wollocombe worked as a wildlife guide on Galpagos for several years.

425
00:49:46,800 --> 00:49:52,279
(THEY SPEAK IN SPANISH)

426
00:49:52,280 --> 00:49:54,839
他知道企鹅的问题
He was aware of the penguins' problems,

427
00:49:54,840 --> 00:49:57,520
所以这次拍摄行程想趁机找出更多
so this filming trip was a chance to find out more.

428
00:49:59,440 --> 00:50:02,559
具有讽刺的是 事实上岛民的喜爱也导致一些问题
Ironically, it's people's love of the islands

429
00:50:02,560 --> 00:50:05,319
具有讽刺的是 事实上岛民的喜爱也导致一些问题
which has actually caused some of the problems.

430
00:50:05,320 --> 00:50:08,760
来到加拉帕戈斯岛的游客大增是主要问题
The major problem is the big increase in the amount of tourists going to Galpagos

431
00:50:08,761 --> 00:50:11,839
意味着服务行业将更多的产品 运到岛上提供给游客
has meant that the service industries who supply those tourists

432
00:50:11,840 --> 00:50:14,519
have increased the amount of products going to the islands

433
00:50:14,520 --> 00:50:18,639
这些产品非常损害物种引入的物种
and those products can contain very damaging species, introduce species,

434
00:50:18,640 --> 00:50:22,960
对本地动植物群有巨大的有害影响
which can have huge detrimental impacts on the native flora and fauna.

435
00:50:24,600 --> 00:50:29,399
理查德希望影片中有 加拉帕戈斯企鹅巢穴的镜头
Richard hoped to film inside the nests of Galpagos penguins.

436
00:50:29,400 --> 00:50:32,600
这会容易么 没人知道
How easy this was going to be, nobody knew.

437
00:50:37,680 --> 00:50:42,159
如今的企鹅群体数量不足2000只
Today's penguin population stands at less than 2,000,

438
00:50:42,160 --> 00:50:45,480
比25年前少了许多
dramatically less than it was 25 years ago.

439
00:50:47,080 --> 00:50:51,920
现在引入的物种给企鹅的生存 增加了额外的压力
Now introduced species are adding extra pressure to the lives of the penguins.

440
00:50:54,840 --> 00:50:57,799
当理查德到达时 加拉帕戈斯当局
When Richard arrived, the Galpagos authorities

441
00:50:57,800 --> 00:51:01,679
正加强他们的管理
were tightening their regulations, and the final filming permission

442
00:51:01,680 --> 00:51:04,600
最终在国家公园的一次会见后 拍摄许可下达了
was down to a meeting with the National Park in person.

443
00:51:07,120 --> 00:51:09,759
他们决定和我们的拍摄合作
They've decided to collaborate with our filming.

444
00:51:09,760 --> 00:51:12,359
他们为我们即将的拍摄真得感到高兴
And they're really excited we're doing the filming

445
00:51:12,360 --> 00:51:16,199
他们和我们合作是因为一些科学调查
because they can collaborate with us with some scientific investigations.

446
00:51:16,200 --> 00:51:19,919
包括企鹅巢内的一些观察
Few observations had ever been made inside a penguin's nest,

447
00:51:19,920 --> 00:51:23,999
拍摄揭露出企鹅的一些有趣的行为
so filming might reveal some interesting behaviour.

448
00:51:24,000 --> 00:51:26,960
我感兴趣是因为我从未在 电视或视频上看到过
I'm fascinated because I've never seen it on television or video,

449
00:51:26,961 --> 00:51:28,520
所以这是第一次
so it's a first.

450
00:51:30,000 --> 00:51:33,360
不管怎样 拍摄还不能马上开始
However, filming couldn't start immediately.

451
00:51:34,800 --> 00:51:39,359
首先理查德的设备要消毒并放入冷藏室
First, Richard's equipment had to be fumigated and placed in a freezer

452
00:51:39,360 --> 00:51:43,600
为了杀死任何从飞机上带来活的 ...植物或动物
to kill off anything living - plant or animal - that was carried in on the plane.

453
00:51:48,120 --> 00:51:52,959
很惊讶看到在这种工作中的奉献程度
It's so amazing to see the level of dedication going on here in this job.

454
00:51:52,960 --> 00:51:56,199
他们非常仔细地检查我们的设备
They're going through our equipment with a fine-tooth comb,

455
00:51:56,200 --> 00:51:58,399
完全拆开每样东西
taking absolutely everything apart

456
00:51:58,400 --> 00:52:01,240
那怕是最细小的零件都注意
and looking at the finest details.

457
00:52:03,440 --> 00:52:06,159
国家公园是有理由顾虑的
The National Park had cause to be concerned.

458
00:52:06,160 --> 00:52:08,839
灾难几乎打垮伊莎贝拉岛
Disaster had nearly struck Isabela Island,

459
00:52:08,840 --> 00:52:12,439
那里正是理查德要拍摄企鹅的地方
the very place Richard hoped to film the penguins.

460
00:52:12,440 --> 00:52:17,999
起初引进的几只山羊成倍繁殖 变成惊人的10万只
Just a few introduced goats multiplied to a staggering 100,000.

461
00:52:18,000 --> 00:52:22,239
它们不加区别地吃草 毁坏景致
Their indiscriminate grazing devastated the landscape,

462
00:52:22,240 --> 00:52:25,999
毁掉了隐蔽地方和独特大陆龟的食物
destroying the shade and food of the unique giant tortoises.

463
00:52:26,000 --> 00:52:28,680
有些事不得不这样做
Something had to be done.

464
00:52:30,560 --> 00:52:33,599
厄瓜多尔政府发起一场战斗
The government of Ecuador took on the battle,

465
00:52:33,600 --> 00:52:37,040
要根除每只山羊尽管困难
and, against all odds, managed to eradicate every goat.

466
00:52:45,400 --> 00:52:47,600
(GUNSHOTS)

467
00:52:53,680 --> 00:52:58,039
由于山羊的离去 景致立马恢复
With the goats gone, the landscape quickly recovered,

468
00:52:58,040 --> 00:53:02,480
岛民珍贵的大陆龟增加了
and the population of the island's precious giant tortoises increased.

469
00:53:08,600 --> 00:53:12,759
山羊的入侵没有影响企鹅
The goat invasion did not affect the penguins.

470
00:53:12,760 --> 00:53:15,479
但企鹅有其它的压力
But the penguins have other pressures,

471
00:53:15,480 --> 00:53:17,440
并不全是人为的
and not all man made.

472
00:53:19,840 --> 00:53:24,360
加拉帕戈斯企鹅是世上最北面的企鹅
Galpagos penguins are the most northerly penguins in the world.

473
00:53:25,520 --> 00:53:29,839
它们能生活在这是因为有 寒冷而富于养分的洋流
And they can only live here because of the cold, nutrient-rich current,

474
00:53:29,840 --> 00:53:34,959
从南极一路漂来 供养着大片的鱼群...
flowing all the way from the Antarctic, which supports huge shoals of fish...

475
00:53:34,960 --> 00:53:36,480
企鹅的食物
penguin food.

476
00:53:51,840 --> 00:53:54,399
只要水温轻微的变化
But just a small change in water temperature

477
00:53:54,400 --> 00:53:57,079
就会彻底改变食物来源
can dramatically alter this food source.

478
00:53:57,080 --> 00:54:00,080
这究竟怎么发生的
And that is exactly what happened.

479
00:54:06,080 --> 00:54:11,279
1982年 有记录以来最强的厄尔尼诺打击了群岛
In 1982, the strongest ever recorded El Nio hit the islands.

480
00:54:11,280 --> 00:54:14,439
厄尔尼诺是自然现象
El Nio, a natural phenomenon,

481
00:54:14,440 --> 00:54:18,360
带来的暖水毁灭了大量的鱼群
brings warm waters which destroys the huge shoals of fish.

482
00:54:20,400 --> 00:54:22,919
结果导致企鹅繁育失败
As a result, penguin breeding failed,

483
00:54:22,920 --> 00:54:25,840
它们的数量骤降近70%
and their population crashed by almost 70%.

484
00:54:31,720 --> 00:54:32,920
这里！
Ahoy, there!

485
00:54:32,921 --> 00:54:37,999
经过72小时的冷藏 理查德的拍片设备已通过检查
After 72 hours in the freezer, Richard's film equipment had passed inspection

486
00:54:38,000 --> 00:54:39,720
他准备出发了
and he was ready to set off.

487
00:54:39,721 --> 00:54:42,759
卡罗琳娜·拉雷亚·安格迈尔加入小组
He was joined by Carolina Larrea Angermeyer,

488
00:54:42,760 --> 00:54:45,959
一位当地科学家同意带理查德
a local scientist who had agreed to take Richard

489
00:54:45,960 --> 00:54:49,680
去她所知道的企鹅固定筑巢点
to a location where she knew penguins regularly nested.

490
00:54:50,840 --> 00:54:54,479
到伊莎贝拉岛要16个小时
It would take 16 hours to reach Isabela Island.

491
00:54:54,480 --> 00:54:57,279
他们希望找到躲藏在海岸线
There, they hoped to find the chicks

492
00:54:57,280 --> 00:55:00,800
附近岩石缝中的幼企鹅
hidden in rocky crevices near the shoreline.

493
00:55:03,560 --> 00:55:06,200
但搜寻一开始就没好进展
But the search didn't start well.

494
00:55:10,200 --> 00:55:11,919
那是什么？
RICHARD: What's that?

495
00:55:11,920 --> 00:55:15,359
一只死掉的企鹅 我看到那里不止2只
A dead penguin. I saw two more over there.

496
00:55:15,360 --> 00:55:17,240
难道不是一只猫 或许
- Do you think it's a cat? - Probably.

497
00:55:17,241 --> 00:55:22,079
我不能确信 因为这太久了 你看不到更多
I'm not sure because it's not very recent, so you cannot really see much of it.

498
00:55:22,080 --> 00:55:25,199
这是翅膀 是的 这是翅膀
There's the wing there. Yeah, it's the wing there,

499
00:55:25,200 --> 00:55:29,279
但身体其余部分 不能真正分辨因为...
but the rest of the body, you cannot really tell because...

500
00:55:29,280 --> 00:55:33,839
你能相信么？如果是一只猫就太沮丧
RICHARD: Man, can you believe that? It's pretty depressing if it was a cat.

501
00:55:33,840 --> 00:55:37,279
加拉帕戈斯的忧虑之一
So this is one of the troubles in Galpagos,

502
00:55:37,280 --> 00:55:39,359
是我们引入的那些不必演化
is that we have introduced mammals

503
00:55:39,360 --> 00:55:42,479
抗争的哺乳动物
that these animals have not evolved to compete with.

504
00:55:42,480 --> 00:55:45,119
搜寻继续
The search continued.

505
00:55:45,120 --> 00:55:47,879
但他们根本没有找到任何企鹅的巢穴
But they didn't find any penguin nests at all.

506
00:55:47,880 --> 00:55:50,800
我们仍必须检查许多其它巢穴 但...
We still have to check a number of other nests, but, um...

507
00:55:50,801 --> 00:55:53,720
我认为我们在这没机会看到企鹅幼雏
I don't think we'll get a chance to see penguin chicks here.

508
00:55:53,721 --> 00:55:57,799
卡罗琳娜安装蚊子捕获器
Carolina set up mosquito traps, as there were also fears

509
00:55:57,800 --> 00:56:00,399
害怕鸡瘟经蚊子传到岛上
that avian malaria may have reached the islands.

510
00:56:00,400 --> 00:56:01,960
我们有点左右为难
We might have a bit of a dilemma,

511
00:56:01,961 --> 00:56:06,079
因为我们期盼找到生命而不是死亡
because what we were expecting to find was life, not death.

512
00:56:06,080 --> 00:56:09,679
我们期盼在巢穴里找到
We were expecting to find a new generation of penguins in their nests,

513
00:56:09,680 --> 00:56:12,039
在父母照料下的企鹅新一代
um, being tended by their parents.

514
00:56:12,040 --> 00:56:17,480
只是到处是死企鹅真得太失望了
And it was really a big disappointment to find just dead penguins everywhere.

515
00:56:19,720 --> 00:56:22,999
加拉帕戈斯的旅游业以 每年10%的速度增长
Tourism is growing by 10% a year in the Galpagos,

516
00:56:23,000 --> 00:56:26,159
以及人类带来的入侵物种
and with people come invading species.

517
00:56:26,160 --> 00:56:30,199
不可能提供严格的薰蒸管理
It's impossible to apply the strict fumigation regulations

518
00:56:30,200 --> 00:56:34,239
拍摄设备可以受到进口商 和贸易商的控制
the filming kit was subject to on the importers and traders.

519
00:56:34,240 --> 00:56:39,039
其它南太平洋群岛 像夏威夷 进行着同样的战斗
Other South Pacific islands, like Hawaii, are fighting the same battle.

520
00:56:39,040 --> 00:56:43,440
那里 估计每年有30个新物种到达
There, an estimated 30 new species arrive every year.

521
00:56:48,880 --> 00:56:52,999
几天里理查德和卡罗琳娜
For several days, Richard and Carolina travelled around the islands

522
00:56:53,000 --> 00:56:54,800
环行全岛搜寻企鹅巢穴
searching for penguin nests.

523
00:56:54,801 --> 00:56:57,079
最终有了好消息
And at last, good news.

524
00:56:57,080 --> 00:57:02,359
我们找到了二只二周大的小企鹅 像这么大
We have got two little babies, two-week-old chicks about this big,

525
00:57:02,360 --> 00:57:04,200
被留在巢里
sitting abandoned on a nest.

526
00:57:04,201 --> 00:57:07,879
目前父母外出捕鱼来确保幼雏能存活
Both parents are out feeding right now to try and ensure their survival.

527
00:57:07,880 --> 00:57:10,679
我太高兴了
(LAUGHING) I'm so happy!

528
00:57:10,680 --> 00:57:14,039
我真得放心了 我得说我...
I'm really relieved, I have to say. I am...

529
00:57:14,040 --> 00:57:15,760
Phew!

530
00:57:17,480 --> 00:57:20,359
理查德马上工作将相机安在适当的位置
Richard worked quickly to get the camera in place,

531
00:57:20,360 --> 00:57:22,440
他所有的努力得到回报了
and all his efforts were rewarded.

532
00:57:23,520 --> 00:57:26,680
有很多是父母喂幼雏的镜头
A great view of an adult feeding the chicks.

533
00:57:30,560 --> 00:57:34,240
在上方 一个意外的访客来到巢里
And to top that, an unexpected visitor to the nest.

534
00:57:36,040 --> 00:57:39,079
理查德:幼雏根本不喜欢蟹
RICHARD: The chicks didn't like the crab at all.

535
00:57:39,080 --> 00:57:44,399
只能说在巢穴里始终上演着 针锋相对的故事
Suffice it to say, there was a constant tit-for-tat going on in the nest.

536
00:57:44,400 --> 00:57:47,679
蟹朝前走 企鹅就咬它
The crab would go forward and the penguins would bite it.

537
00:57:47,680 --> 00:57:49,960
然后蟹退回到阴暗里
Then the crab would recede into the shadows.

538
00:57:49,961 --> 00:57:53,159
整个过程真得有趣 但也相当的不祥
It was really interesting for a while. It looked quite ominous.

539
00:57:53,160 --> 00:57:56,319
这太不寻常了 我认为这不...
No, it's quite unusual, I think. I don't think that's...

540
00:57:56,320 --> 00:57:59,679
在加拉帕戈斯肯定没人看到过
Certainly no-one in Galpagos has seen

541
00:57:59,680 --> 00:58:03,359
在夜晚巢中发生着什么
what goes on in the nests at night-time.

542
00:58:03,360 --> 00:58:06,800
所以这是非常新奇的 非常新 非常...精彩
So this is all very novel, very new and very, very exciting.